Search results for "fields"

showing 10 items of 575 documents

Spacetime curvature and Higgs stability after inflation

2015

We investigate the dynamics of the Higgs field at the end of inflation in the minimal scenario consisting of an inflaton field coupled to the Standard Model only through the non-minimal gravitational coupling $\xi$ of the Higgs field. Such a coupling is required by renormalisation of the Standard Model in curved space, and in the current scenario also by vacuum stability during high-scale inflation. We find that for $\xi\gtrsim 1$, rapidly changing spacetime curvature at the end of inflation leads to significant production of Higgs particles, potentially triggering a transition to a negative-energy Planck scale vacuum state and causing an immediate collapse of the Universe.

General PhysicsParticle physicsCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)spacetime curvaturePhysics MultidisciplinaryVacuum stateFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciences09 Engineeringrenormalizationvacuum stateStandard ModelGravitationGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)vacuum stability0103 physical sciencesPARTICLE-PRODUCTIONELECTROWEAK VACUUMHiggs fieldHiggs particles010306 general physics01 Mathematical SciencesPlanck scalePhysicsInflation (cosmology)Science & Technology02 Physical SciencesQuantum field theory in curved spacetimeta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysicsHigh Energy Physics::Phenomenologyhep-phInflatonFIELDSThe Standard ModelCREATIONHiggs fieldHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyPhysical Sciencesastro-ph.COHiggs bosonAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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(K)over-bar* mesons in dense matter

2010

We study the properties of (K) over bar* mesons in nuclear matter using a unitary approach in coupled channels within the framework of the local hidden gauge formalism and incorporating the (K) over bar pi decay channel in matter. The in-medium (K) over bar *N interaction accounts for Pauli blocking effects and incorporates the (K) over bar* self-energy in a self-consistent manner. We also obtain the (K) over bar* (off-shell) spectral function and analyze its behavior at finite density and momentum. At a normal nuclear matter density, the (K) over bar* meson feels a moderately attractive potential, while the (K) over bar* width becomes five times larger than in free space. We estimate the t…

General theory of fields and particlesNEUTRON-STARSHIDDEN LOCAL SYMMETRYNuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyTeoria de camps (Física)CHIRAL DYNAMICSFísicaSpecific reactions and phenomenologyHEAVY-ION COLLISIONSIN-MEDIUM KAONBOUND-STATESSPECTRAL-FUNCTIONProperties of specific particlesHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentRHO-MESONVECTOR-MESONSNUCLEAR-MATTER
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Recovery of time-dependent coefficients from boundary data for hyperbolic equations

2019

We study uniqueness of the recovery of a time-dependent magnetic vector-valued potential and an electric scalar-valued potential on a Riemannian manifold from the knowledge of the Dirichlet to Neumann map of a hyperbolic equation. The Cauchy data is observed on time-like parts of the space-time boundary and uniqueness is proved up to the natural gauge for the problem. The proof is based on Gaussian beams and inversion of the light ray transform on Lorentzian manifolds under the assumptions that the Lorentzian manifold is a product of a Riemannian manifold with a time interval and that the geodesic ray transform is invertible on the Riemannian manifold.

GeodesicDirichlet-to-Neumann maplight ray transformmagnetic potentialBoundary (topology)CALDERON PROBLEM01 natural sciencesGaussian beamMathematics - Analysis of PDEsFOS: Mathematics111 Mathematics[MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP]Uniqueness0101 mathematicsMathematics::Symplectic GeometryMathematical PhysicsMathematicsX-ray transformSTABILITYinverse problemsMathematical analysisStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsRiemannian manifoldX-RAY TRANSFORMWave equationMathematics::Geometric TopologyManifoldTENSOR-FIELDS010101 applied mathematicsUNIQUE CONTINUATIONGeometry and TopologyMathematics::Differential GeometryWAVE-EQUATIONSHyperbolic partial differential equationAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)
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Characterization of a fractured basement reservoir using high-resolution 3D seismic and logging datasets: A case study of the Sab'atayn Basin, Yemen.

2018

The Sab'atayn Basin is one of the most prolific Mesozoic hydrocarbon basins located in central Yemen. It has many oil producing fields including the Habban Field with oil occurrences in fractured basement rocks. A comprehensive seismic analysis of fractured basement reservoirs was performed to identify the structural pattern and mechanism of hydrocarbon entrapment and reservoir characteristics. A 3D post-stack time migration seismic cube and logging data of 20 wells were used and several 2D seismic sections were constructed and interpreted. Depth structure maps were generated for the basement reservoir and overlying formations. The top of the basement reservoir is dissected by a set of NW-S…

Geologic SedimentsYemen010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesOutcropWater WellsDatasets as TopicGeographic Mappinglcsh:Medicine010502 geochemistry & geophysicsBiochemistry01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundJurassic PeriodOil and Gas FieldsPetrologylcsh:ScienceMaterialsSeismologyMineralsCretaceous PeriodMultidisciplinaryHydraulic FrackingPhysicsClassical MechanicsGeologyMineralogyLipidsPetroleum reservoirChemistryGeophysicsPetroleumBasement (geology)Source rockPhysical SciencesMesozoic EraPetroleumOrganic MaterialsPorosityGeologyResearch ArticleMaterials ScienceGraniteNatural GasStructural basinImaging Three-DimensionalEarthquakesHumans0105 earth and related environmental sciencesDamage Mechanicslcsh:RChemical CompoundsBiology and Life SciencesDrillingGeologic TimeHydrocarbonschemistryEarth SciencesGeographic Information Systemslcsh:QOilsOil shalePLoS ONE
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Nonparticipation Selection Bias in the MOBI-Kids Study.

2018

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.

GerontologyMaleAdolescentCellular telephone useEpidemiologyCase–control studymedia_common.quotation_subjectEpidemiologic methodsAdolescents01 natural sciencesBrain tumorsBrain cancer010104 statistics & probability03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineElectromagnetic FieldsAge groupsBiasJapanRisk FactorsGermanySurveys and QuestionnairesPerinatal and Child HealthOdds RatioHumans030212 general & internal medicine0101 mathematicsIsraelChildChildrenmedia_commonSelection biasSelection biasBrain NeoplasmsCase-control studyItalySpainCase-Control StudiesComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGFemaleFrancePsychologyCell PhoneEpidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)
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Apertureless scanning near-field optical microscopy: a comparison between homodyne and heterodyne approaches

2006

International audience; In coherent homodyne apertureless scanning near-field optical microscopy (ASNOM) the background field cannot be fully suppressed because of the interference between the different collected fields, making the images difficult to interpret. We show that implementing the heterodyne version of ASNOM allows one to overcome this issue. We present a comparison between homodyne and heterodyne ASNOM through near-field analysis of gold nanowells, integrated waveguides, and a single evanescent wave generated by total internal reflection. The heterodyne approach allows for the control of the interferometric effect with the background light. In particular, the undesirable backgro…

HeterodyneImage formationPhase (waves)Near and far fieldOptical fields02 engineering and technologyInterference (wave propagation)Total internal reflection01 natural sciencesDestructive interference010309 opticsOptics0103 physical sciences[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/MicroelectronicsPhysicsTotal internal reflectionNear field opticsbusiness.industryTapered fibersNear-field opticsScanning microscopyStatistical and Nonlinear Physics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsInterferometryImage formation theory[SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic0210 nano-technologybusinessScanning electron microscopy
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QPO emission from moving hot spots on the surface of neutron stars: a model

2009

We present recent results of 3D magnetohydrodynamic simulations of neutron stars with small misalignment angles, as regards the features in lightcurves produced by regular movements of the hot spots during accretion onto the star. In particular, we show that the variation of position of the hot spot created by the infalling matter, as observed in 3D simulations, can produce high frequency Quasi Periodic Oscillations with frequencies associated with the inner zone of the disk. Previously reported simulations showed that the usual assumption of a fixed hot spot near the polar region is valid only for misalignment angles relatively large. Otherwise, two phenomena challenge the assumption: one …

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaMonte Carlo methodEquatorFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and Astrophysicsaccretion accretion discs instabilities MHD stars: magnetic fields stars: neutron stars: oscillationsAstrophysics01 natural sciencesAccretion (astrophysics)Neutron starAccretion rateSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaSpace and Planetary Science0103 physical sciencesPolarAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsMagnetohydrodynamic driveAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsQuasi periodic010306 general physicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena010303 astronomy & astrophysics
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Crust-magnetosphere coupling during magnetar evolution and implications for the surface temperature

2018

We study the coupling of the force-free magnetosphere to the long-term internal evolution of a magnetar. We allow the relation between the poloidal and toroidal stream functions - that characterizes the magnetosphere - to evolve freely without constraining its particular form. We find that, on time-scales of the order of kyr, the energy stored in the magnetosphere gradually increases, as the toroidal region grows and the field lines expand outwards. This continues until a critical point is reached beyond which force-free solutions for the magnetosphere can no longer be constructed, likely leading to some large-scale magnetospheric reorganization. The energy budget available for such events …

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsMHDAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomyMagnetosphereAstronomy and AstrophysicsCrustneutron [Stars]Magnetar01 natural sciencesmagnetars [Stars]magnetic field [Stars]Space and Planetary ScienceMagnetic fields0103 physical sciencesCost action010306 general physicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstronomía y Astrofísica
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Long-term evolution of the force-free twisted magnetosphere of a magnetar

2017

We study the long-term quasi-steady evolution of the force-free magnetosphere of a magnetar coupled to its internal magnetic field. We find that magnetospheric currents can be maintained on long timescales of the order of thousands of years. Meanwhile, the energy, helicity and twist stored in the magnetosphere all gradually increase over the course of this evolution, until a critical point is reached, beyond which a force-free magnetosphere cannot be constructed. At this point, some large-scale magnetospheric rearrangement, possibly resulting in an outburst or a flare, must occur, releasing a large fraction of the stored energy, helicity and twist. After that, the quasi-steady evolution sho…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsMHDAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomyMagnetosphereAstronomy and Astrophysicsneutron [Stars]AstrophysicsMagnetar01 natural sciencesMagnetic fieldTerm (time)magnetars [Stars]Space and Planetary ScienceMagnetic fieldsPhysics::Space Physics0103 physical sciencesCost actionMagnetohydrodynamicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena010306 general physics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstronomía y Astrofísica
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The force-free twisted magnetosphere of a neutron star – II. Degeneracies of the Grad–Shafranov equation

2017

We extend our previous study of equilibrium solutions of non-rotating force-free magnetospheres of neutron stars. We show that multiple solutions exist for the same sets of parameters, implying that the solutions are degenerate. We are able to obtain configurations with disconnected field lines, however, in nearly all cases these correspond to degenerate higher energy solutions. We carry out a wide parametric search in order to understand the properties of the solutions. We confirm our previous results that the lower energy solutions have up to $\sim 25\%$ more energy than the vacuum case, helicity of the order of $\sim 5$ (in some defined units), maximum twist of $\sim 1.5$ rad, and a dipo…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsWork (thermodynamics)MHDFOS: Physical sciencesMagnetosphereneutron [Stars]Astronomy and Astrophysics01 natural sciencesMagnetic fieldmagnetars [Stars]magnetic field [Stars]Neutron starGrad–Shafranov equationClassical mechanicsSpace and Planetary ScienceMagnetic fieldsQuantum electrodynamics0103 physical sciencesCost actionMagnetohydrodynamicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena010306 general physics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstronomía y AstrofísicaMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
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