Search results for "fields"

showing 10 items of 575 documents

The electron cyclotron resonance ion source with arc-shaped coils concept

2012

The main limitation to further improve the performance of ECR ion sources is set by the magnet technology related to the multipole magnet field used for the closed minimum-B structure. The JYFL ion source group has sought different approaches to improve the strength of the minimum-B structure required for the production of highly charged ion beams. It was found out that such a configuration can be realized with arc shaped coils. The first prototype, electron cyclotron resonance ion source with arc-shaped coils (ARC-ECRIS), was constructed and tested at JYFL in 2006. It was confirmed that such an ion source can be used for the production of highly charged ion beams. Regardless of several cos…

Materials scienceIon beamOptical PhenomenaPlasma Gasesta114Highly charged ionCyclotron resonanceTemperatureParticle acceleratorElectronsCyclotronsModels TheoreticalIon gunIon sourceElectron cyclotron resonancelaw.inventionMagnetic FieldslawAtomic physicsInstrumentationIon cyclotron resonanceReview of Scientific Instruments
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Features of randomized electric-field assisted domain inversion in lithium tantalate

2011

We report on bulk and guided-wave second-harmonic generation via random Quasi-Phase-Matching in Lithium Tantalate. By acquiring the far-field profiles at several wavelengths, we extract statistical information on the distribution of the quadratic nonlinearity as well as its average period, both at the surface and in the bulk of the sample. By investigating the distribution in the two regions we demonstrate a non-invasive approach to the study of poling dynamics.

Materials scienceLightNonlinear opticFOS: Physical sciencesTantalumLithiumSettore ING-INF/01 - Elettronicachemistry.chemical_compoundElectromagnetic FieldsElectric fieldScattering RadiationComputer SimulationQuadratic nonlinearityPolingSettore ING-INF/02 - Campi ElettromagneticiOxidesInversion (meteorology)Equipment DesignModels TheoreticalHarmonic generation and mixingAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsComputational physicsEquipment Failure AnalysisRefractometryWavelengthchemistryLithium tantalateComputer-Aided DesignOptics (physics.optics)Physics - Optics
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Temperature- and Magnetic-Field-Dependent Longitudinal Spin Relaxation in Nitrogen-Vacancy Ensembles in Diamond

2011

We present an experimental study of the longitudinal electron-spin relaxation time (T1) of negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV) ensembles in diamond. T1 was studied as a function of temperature from 5 to 475 K and magnetic field from 0 to 630 G for several samples with various NV and nitrogen concentrations. Our studies reveal three processes responsible for T1 relaxation. Above room temperature, a two-phonon Raman process dominates, and below, we observe an Orbach-type process with an activation energy, 73(4) meV, which closely matches the local vibrational modes of the NV center. At yet lower temperatures, sample dependent cross relaxation processes dominate, resulting in temperature …

Materials scienceNitrogenFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyActivation energyengineering.materialSpectrum Analysis Raman01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakeVacancy defect0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed matter physicsTemperatureSpin–lattice relaxationMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)DiamondModels Theoretical021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMagnetic fieldMagnetic FieldsMolecular vibrationengineeringsymbolsDiamond0210 nano-technologyRaman spectroscopyOrder of magnitudePhysical Review Letters
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Analysis of multipactor RF breakdown in a waveguide containing a transversely magnetized ferrite

2016

In this paper, the multipactor RF breakdown in a parallel-plate waveguide partially filled with a ferrite slab magnetized normal to the metallic plates is studied. An external magnetic field is applied along the vertical direction between the plates in order to magnetize the ferrite. Numerical simulations using an in-house 3-D code are carried out to obtain the multipactor RF voltage threshold in this kind of structures. The presented results show that the multipactor RF voltage threshold at certain frequencies becomes considerably lower than for the corresponding classical metallic parallel-plate waveguide with the same vacuum gap

Materials scienceSaturation magnetizationElectromagnetic waveguidesPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsIn-house 3D codeTransversely magnetized ferrite01 natural sciencesVacuum gap010305 fluids & plasmasExternal magnetic fieldOptics0103 physical sciencesVertical directionRadio frequencyTEORIA DE LA SEÑAL Y COMUNICACIONESParallel-plate waveguideElectronic engineeringNumerical simulationsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringMagnetic anisotropyElectric breakdownMultipactor RF breakdown analysis010302 applied physicsbusiness.industryParallel plate waveguidesFerrite slabRF breakdownMicrowave switchesVacuum gapElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetic fieldMultipactor RF voltage thresholdMagnetic fieldMetallic platesMagnetic fieldsSlabFerrite (magnet)Ferrite waveguidesFerrite devicesMultipactor effectbusinessVoltageNumerical analysis
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Application of silicon-based camera for measurement of non-homogeneous thermal field on realistic specimen surface

2019

Abstract The high-cost low-resolution infrared cameras operating in middle infrared spectral ranges are widely used to detect the thermal fields. In this study, a low-cost high-resolution silicon-based sensor camera operating in near infrared spectral ranges is used to perform the observation of the thermal fields on the realistic steel specimen surface. In near-infrared spectral ranges, a small temperature variation led to a large modification in the sensor illumination, inducing acquired images with over saturation or poor dynamic range of gray levels. To address this problem, an algorithm was used to precisely adjust the exposure time to acquire images with constant gray level whatever t…

Materials scienceSiliconInfrared020209 energyEnergy Engineering and Power Technologychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringOptics020401 chemical engineeringThermal0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringEmissivity0204 chemical engineeringSaturation (magnetic)Realistic applicationbusiness.industryDynamic rangeNear-infrared spectroscopy[PHYS.MECA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics][SPI.MECA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]chemistryThermal fieldsNear-infrared thermographySilicon-based cameraComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionThermography[SPI.MECA.THER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph]businessApplied Thermal Engineering
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Photoelectric fields in doped lithium niobate crystals

2019

Photoinduced light scattering (PILS) in nominally pure stoichiometric and congruent lithium niobate single crystals (LiNbO3), and ones doped with B³⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Mg²⁺, Gd³⁺, Y³⁺, Er³⁺ cations was studied. All crystals have a relatively low effect of photorefraction and are promising materials for frequency conversion, electro-optical modulators and shutters. It was found that the photovoltaic and diffusion fields for some crystals have a maximum at a wavelength of 514.5 nm. All the crystals studied are characterized by a maximum of the integral intensity of the speckle structure of the PILS at a wavelength of 514.5 nm.

Materials scienceSolid-state physicsphotorefractive effectLithium niobate02 engineering and technology01 natural sciences7. Clean energyphotovoltaic and diffusion fieldschemistry.chemical_compound0103 physical sciencesMaterials Chemistry:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]media_common.cataloged_instanceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringEuropean union010306 general physicsmedia_commonHorizon (archaeology)Rayleigh photoinduced light scatteringDopingPhotorefractive effectPhotoelectric effect021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsEngineering physicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialschemistryControl and Systems EngineeringSingle crystal of lithium niobateCeramics and Composites0210 nano-technologyIntegrated Ferroelectrics
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Electron spin resonance as a tool to monitor the influence of novel processing technologies on food properties

2020

Abstract Background Nowadays, electron spin resonance (ESR) is widely used as a powerful, non-destructive and very sensitive technique for the detection of free radicals in food systems. It can be applied for the direct identification of highly reactive oxygen species, organic and inorganic paramagnetic species and screening of food for potential toxicity. Its applications cover investigating food oxidative stability and properties of irradiated foods including fruits and vegetables, meats and fishes, spices, cereal grains, and oil seeds. Scope and approach This review aims at providing specialists in food science and industry with the fundamentals of ESR spectroscopy, typical radicals pres…

Materials sciencedigestive oral and skin physiologyFree radicalsNanotechnologylaw.inventionlawElectron spin resonanceFruits and vegetablesFood systemsFood irradiationHigh pressure processingPulsed electric fieldsElectron paramagnetic resonanceNovel processing technologiesESRFood ScienceBiotechnologyPotential toxicityTrends in Food Science & Technology
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A multi-sphere particle numerical model for non-invasive investigations of neuronal human brain activity

2013

In this paper, a multi-sphere particle method is built- up in order to estimate the solution of the Poisson's equation with Neumann boundary conditions describing the neuronal human brain activity. The partial difierential equations governing the relationships between neural current sources and the data produced by neuroimaging technique, are able to compute the scalp potential and magnetic fleld distributions generated by the neural activity. A numerical approach is proposed with current dipoles as current sources and going on in the computation by avoiding the mesh construction. The current dipoles are into an homogeneous spherical domain modeling the head and the computational approach i…

Mathematical optimizationCurrent (mathematics)Quantitative Biology::Neurons and CognitionComputer scienceComputationNon invasiveMathematical analysisDomain modelPoisson distributionElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsDipolesymbols.namesakeBio-magnetic fields Human brain activity meshless numerical methodSettore ING-IND/31 - ElettrotecnicaNeumann boundary conditionsymbolsParticle
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Harnack estimates for degenerate parabolic equations modeled on the subelliptic $p-$Laplacian

2014

Abstract We establish a Harnack inequality for a class of quasi-linear PDE modeled on the prototype ∂ t u = − ∑ i = 1 m X i ⁎ ( | X u | p − 2 X i u ) where p ⩾ 2 , X = ( X 1 , … , X m ) is a system of Lipschitz vector fields defined on a smooth manifold M endowed with a Borel measure μ, and X i ⁎ denotes the adjoint of X i with respect to μ. Our estimates are derived assuming that (i) the control distance d generated by X induces the same topology on M ; (ii) a doubling condition for the μ-measure of d-metric balls; and (iii) the validity of a Poincare inequality involving X and μ. Our results extend the recent work in [16] , [36] , to a more general setting including the model cases of (1)…

Mathematics - Differential GeometryPure mathematicsGeneral MathematicsMathematics::Analysis of PDEsPoincaré inequalityVolume formsymbols.namesakeMathematics - Analysis of PDEsMathematics - Metric GeometryFOS: MathematicsP-LAPLACIAN OPERATORBorel measureRicci curvatureMathematicsHarnack's inequalityMatematikLebesgue measureta111HORMANDER VECTOR FIELDSMetric Geometry (math.MG)Lipschitz continuity35H20Differential Geometry (math.DG)p-LaplaciansymbolsHARNACK INEQUALITYMathematicsAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)
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The X-Ray Transform for Connections in Negative Curvature

2016

We consider integral geometry inverse problems for unitary connections and skew-Hermitian Higgs fields on manifolds with negative sectional curvature. The results apply to manifolds in any dimension, with or without boundary, and also in the presence of trapped geodesics. In the boundary case, we show injectivity of the attenuated ray transform on tensor fields with values in a Hermitian bundle (i.e. vector valued case). We also show that a connection and Higgs field on a Hermitian bundle are determined up to gauge by the knowledge of the parallel transport between boundary points along all possible geodesics. The main tools are an energy identity, the Pestov identity with a unitary connect…

Mathematics - Differential GeometryPure mathematicsHermitian bundlesGeodesic[MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS]Connection (vector bundle)Boundary (topology)Dynamical Systems (math.DS)X-ray transforms01 natural sciencesinversio-ongelmatHiggs fieldsTensor fieldMathematics - Analysis of PDEsFOS: MathematicsSectional curvatureMathematics - Dynamical Systems0101 mathematicsmath.APMathematical PhysicsPhysicsX-ray transformParallel transport010102 general mathematicsStatistical and Nonlinear Physicsconnections010101 applied mathematicsHiggs fieldmath.DGDifferential Geometry (math.DG)[MATH.MATH-DG]Mathematics [math]/Differential Geometry [math.DG]Mathematics::Differential Geometrymath.DSAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)[MATH.MATH-SP]Mathematics [math]/Spectral Theory [math.SP]Communications in Mathematical Physics
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