Search results for "first"

showing 10 items of 1149 documents

Does the sex of firstborn children influence subsequent fertility behavior? evidence from family reconstitution.

2006

According to recent studies in evolutionary anthropology, firstborn daughters influence both parity progression and sibling survival by acting as so-called helpers at the nest. Based on 534 sets of household data from family reconstitution, the current analysis fails to show that offspring sex had any direct impact on maternal fertility, sibling survivorship, birth spacing, or reproductive span. Instead, the results indicate that fertility decisions were heavily affected by proximate factors such as child mortality and gender preferences. Families who had experienced child death were swift to substitute the loss with another pregnancy—a phenomenon known as replacement strategy. Similarly, …

MaleFirstbornOffspringmedia_common.quotation_subjectFertilitySex FactorsArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)PregnancySurvivorship curveHumansSiblingChildmedia_commonFamily CharacteristicsSiblingsChild mortalityDeathBirth orderParityAnthropologyFemaleBirth OrderPsychologyParity (mathematics)Social Sciences (miscellaneous)DemographyJournal of family history
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The EUropean Network of National Schizophrenia Networks Studying Gene-Environment Interactions (EU-GEI)

2020

Funder: FP7 Ideas: European Research Council; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100011199; Grant(s): HEALTH-F2-2010-241909

MaleHealth (social science)EpidemiologyEthnic groupEthnic GroupGene-environment interactionsEnvironment–environment interactions0302 clinical medicineEpidemiologyEthnicity10. No inequalityFirst episodeRISKbiologyIncidence (epidemiology)IncidenceCANNABISMiddle AgedCase-controlFirst-episode psychosis3. Good healthEuropePsychiatry and Mental healthCase–control Environment–environment interactions EU-GEI First-episode psychosis Gene–environment interactions IncidenceCase–control; EU-GEI; Environment–environment interactions; First-episode psychosis; Gene–environment interactions; IncidenceSchizophreniaCohortFemalePsychologyCase-Control StudieCase–controlBrazilHumanAdultmedicine.medical_specialtySocial PsychologyAdolescentStudy Protocols and SamplesDISORDERSEnvironment–environment interactionRepresentativeness heuristicEU-GEIGene–environment interactions03 medical and health sciencesYoung AdultPSYCHOSISAGEFirst-episode psychosiEnvironment-environment interactionsmedicineHumansGene–environment interactionSettore MED/25 - PsichiatriaMETAANALYSISbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.disease030227 psychiatryCase-Control StudiesSchizophreniaGene-Environment InteractionCannabisCHILDHOOD ADVERSITIES030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDemographySocial Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology
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Maxillary Sinus Anatomy: A Cadaveric Study With Clinical Implications

2009

This study measured maxillary sinus volume, evaluated the location of the semilunar hiatus in correlation to the nasal floor, and the incidence, location, and height of antral septa and discusses their clinical implications. Maxillary sinus volume was quantified in 65 cadavers (130 sinuses) by water application through the semilunar hiatus and measuring the used amount. The location of the semilunar hiatus was identified as distance from the nasal floor. The septa were counted, evaluated, and the size measured from the antral floor. The medium maxillary sinus volume was 12.5 mL (range, 5-22 mL). The medium location of the semilunar hiatus was 25.6 mm above the nasal floor (range, 18-35 mm).…

MaleHistologyMaxillary sinusMandibular first molarMandibular second molarCadaverCadaverotorhinolaryngologic diseasesmedicinePremolarHumansJaw EdentulousEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsAgedAged 80 and overSemilunar hiatusbusiness.industryAnatomyMaxillary SinusMiddle Agedmedicine.anatomical_structureMaxillaFemaleAnatomybusinessCadaveric spasmBiotechnologyThe Anatomical Record: Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology
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2017 WSES guidelines for the management of iatrogenic colonoscopy perforation

2017

Abstract Iatrogenic colonoscopy perforation (ICP) is a severe complication that can occur during both diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Although 45–60% of ICPs are diagnosed by the endoscopist while performing the colonoscopy, many ICPs are not immediately recognized but are instead suspected on the basis of clinical signs and symptoms that occur after the endoscopic procedure. There are three main therapeutic options for ICPs: endoscopic repair, conservative therapy, and surgery. The therapeutic approach must vary based on the setting of the diagnosis (intra- or post-colonoscopy), the type of ICP, the characteristics and general status of the patient, the operator’s level of experienc…

MaleIatrogenic DiseaseColonoscopyReviewIatrogenic colonoscopy perforation0302 clinical medicine80 and overOpen abdomenAged 80 and overintegumentary systemmedicine.diagnostic_testmusculoskeletal neural and ocular physiologylcsh:Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aidDisease ManagementIatrogenic colonoscopy perforation Colonoscopy Gastrointestinal endoscopy Emergency surgery Laparoscopy Antibiotic therapy Intra-abdominal infection Open abdomenColonoscopyMiddle Agedhumanities030220 oncology & carcinogenesisEmergency surgeryEmergency MedicineFemale030211 gastroenterology & hepatologymedicine.medical_specialtyColonPerforation (oil well)lcsh:SurgeryGuidelines as TopicSigns and symptomsGeneral status03 medical and health sciencesTherapeutic approachIntra-abdominal infectionEmergency surgerymedicineHumansGastrointestinal endoscopyIntensive care medicineAgedbusiness.industrylcsh:RD1-811lcsh:RC86-88.9Antibiotic therapyEndoscopic Procedurenervous system diseasesSettore MED/18 - Chirurgia GeneraleIntestinal PerforationAntibiotic therapy; Colonoscopy; Emergency surgery; Gastrointestinal endoscopy; Iatrogenic colonoscopy perforation; Intra-abdominal infection; Laparoscopy; Open abdomen; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Colon; Colonoscopy; Disease Management; Female; Humans; Intestinal Perforation; Male; Middle Aged; Guidelines as Topic; Iatrogenic DiseaseAntibiotic therapy; Colonoscopy; Emergency surgery; Gastrointestinal endoscopy; Iatrogenic colonoscopy perforation; Intra-abdominal infection; Laparoscopy; Open abdomen;LaparoscopySurgerySurgical devicebusiness
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First-episode psychosis and migration in Italy (PEP-Ita migration): A study in the Italian mental health services

2014

Abstract Background It has been frequently reported a higher incidence of psychotic disorders in immigrants than in native populations. There is, however, a lack of knowledge about risk factors which may explain this phenomenon. A better understanding of the causes of psychosis among first-generation migrants is highly needed, particularly in Italy, a country with a recent massive migration. Methods/Design The “Italian study on first-episode psychosis and migration (PEP-Ita)” is a prospective observational study over a two-year period (1 January 2012–31 December 2013) which will be carried out in 11 Italian mental health centres. All participating centres will collect data about all new cas…

MaleImmigrationEthnic groupStudy ProtocolEthnicitySettore MED/48 -Scienze Infermierist. e Tecn. Neuro-Psichiatriche e Riabilitat.Prospective Studies10. No inequalitymedia_commonFirst-episode psychosis; Italy; Migrants; Protective factors; Risk factorsTransients and Migrantseducation.field_of_studyProtective factorIncidenceMiddle AgedFirst-episode psychosisPsychiatry and Mental healthMental HealthItaly8. Economic growthFemalePsychopathologyAdultMental Health Servicesmedicine.medical_specialtyPsychosisAdolescentmedia_common.quotation_subjectPopulationEmigrants and ImmigrantsMigrants First-episode psychosis Italy Risk factors Protective factorsMigrantsYoung AdultFirst-episode psychosiIntervention (counseling)medicineHumansPsychiatryeducationSettore MED/25 - Psichiatriabusiness.industryMigrantmedicine.diseaseMental healthProtective factorsRisk factorsPsychotic DisordersObservational studybusiness
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A significant p value is not equivalent to the superiority of one test index over another

2019

Background In patients with septic shock, the skin is often chosen for the evaluation of peripheral perfusion and oxygenation. Changes in skin microcirculatory vessel oxygen saturation and relative hemoglobin concentration can be described using a mottling score or captured with hyperspectral imaging. However, the effectiveness of the mottling score in assessing microcirculation remains to be shown. We hypothesize that the mottling score in patients with septic shock is related to skin microcirculatory perfusion indices quantified by hyperspectral imaging, biomarkers that reflect endothelium activation and damage, and clinical outcome. Methods Hyperspectral imaging of the knee area was perf…

MaleIndex (economics)LetterHyperspectral imagingCritical Care and Intensive Care MedicineStatistics NonparametricSepsisStatisticsMedicineHumansp-valueEndotheliumAgedModels Statisticalbusiness.industryResearchMicrocirculationlcsh:Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aidlcsh:RC86-88.9Middle AgedShock SepticTest (assessment)PerfusionResearch DesignData Interpretation StatisticalSkin AbnormalitiesFemaleTissue oxygenationbusinessBiomarkersCritical Care
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Low Rate of Virological Failure and Maintenance of Susceptibility to HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with First-Line Lopinavir/Ritonavir-Based Antiretrovir…

2010

Protease inhibitor (PI)-resistant HIV-1 has hardly ever been detected at failed boosted PI-based first-line antiretroviral regimens in clinical trials. However, this phenomenon has not been investigated in clinical practice. To address this gap, data from patients starting a first-line lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/rtv)-based therapy with available baseline HIV-1 RNA load, a viral genotype and follow-up viral load after 3 and 6 months of treatment were extracted from the Italian Antiretroviral Resistance Cohort Analysis (ARCA) observational database. Based on survival analysis, 39 (7.1%) and 43 (7.8%) of the 548 examined patient cases had an HIV-1 RNA >500 and >50 copies/ml, respectively, after …

MaleLopinavir/ritonavirHIV Infectionsboosted protease inhibitorLopinavirCohort Studies0302 clinical medicineAntiretroviral Therapy Highly Activevirologic failureHIV InfectionTreatment Failure030212 general & internal medicinePyrimidinone0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studylopinavir/ritonavirLopinavirViral LoadResistance mutationfirst-line antiretroviral therapyReverse Transcriptase Inhibitor3. Good healthTreatment OutcomeInfectious DiseasesRNA ViralReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsMedicineDrug Therapy CombinationFemaleSurvival AnalysiViral loadHumanmedicine.drugAnti-HIV AgentsPopulationPyrimidinones.Settore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVEEmtricitabinehuman immunodeficiency virus type 103 medical and health sciencesVirologyDrug Resistance Viralantiretroviral drug resistancemedicineHumansProtease inhibitor (pharmacology)educationHIV Protease InhibitorRitonavir030306 microbiologybusiness.industryAnti-HIV AgentHIV Protease InhibitorsSurvival AnalysisVirologyHIV-1RitonavirCohort Studiebusiness
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Jumping to conclusions, general intelligence, and psychosis liability: Findings from the multi-centre EU-GEI case-control study

2021

This study was funded by the Medical Research Council, the European Community’s Seventh Framework Program grant [agreement HEALTH-F2-2009-241909 (Project EU-GEI)], São Paulo Research Foundation (grant 2012/0417-0), the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, the NIHR BRC at University College London and the Wellcome Trust (grant 101272/Z/12/Z).

MaleMISCOMPREHENSIONIntelligenceDELÍRIO0302 clinical medicineCognitionSCHIZOPHRENIApsychotic-like experiencejumping to conclusionsApplied PsychologyProblem SolvingRISKeducation.field_of_studyCognitionMiddle Aged16. Peace & justiceCognitive bias3. Good healthFirst episode psychosis; IQ; jumping to conclusions; polygenic risk score; psychotic-like experiences; symptom dimensionsPsychiatry and Mental healthBIASSchizophreniaRELIABILITYFemaleOriginal Articlejumping to conclusion[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]medicine.symptomClinical psychologyAdultPsychosisFirst episode psychosisAdolescentDISORDERSPopulationREEXAMINATIONDelusionssymptom dimensions03 medical and health sciencesYoung AdultPEOPLEmedicineHumansCognitive DysfunctioneducationDELUSIONAL IDEATIONCognitive deficitpsychotic-like experiencesbusiness.industryCase-control studymedicine.diseaseFirst episode psychosi030227 psychiatryPsychotic DisordersIQCase-Control StudiesJumping to conclusionspolygenic risk scorebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryPsychological medicine
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The contribution of cannabis use to variation in the incidence of psychotic disorder across Europe (EU-GEI): a multicentre case-control study.

2019

Background: Cannabis use is associated with increased risk of later psychotic disorder but whether it affects incidence of the disorder remains unclear. We aimed to identify patterns of cannabis use with the strongest effect on odds of psychotic disorder across Europe and explore whether differences in such patterns contribute to variations in the incidence rates of psychotic disorder. Methods: We included patients aged 18–64 years who presented to psychiatric services in 11 sites across Europe and Brazil with first-episode psychosis and recruited controls representative of the local populations. We applied adjusted logistic regression models to the data to estimate which patterns of canna…

MaleMarijuana Abusecannabis psychosis first episode psychosis incidenceENGLANDHIGH-POTENCY CANNABIS0302 clinical medicineSCHIZOPHRENIAOdds RatioMedicine030212 general & internal medicinepsychosisSalut mentalRISKeducation.field_of_studybiologyIncidence (epidemiology)IncidenceArticlesASSOCIATIONMiddle Aged3. Good healthEuropePsychiatry and Mental healthPUBLIC-HEALTHFemaleCase-Control StudieBrazilHumanAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyPsychosisPopulationPsychotic DisorderOdds03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adultfirst episode psychosisJournal ArticleHumanseducationSettore MED/25 - PsichiatriaBiological PsychiatryCannabisbusiness.industryLONDONPublic healthCase-control studyOdds ratiobiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseTRENDS030227 psychiatryPsychotic DisordersMARIJUANACase-Control StudiesCannabisDroguesbusinessDemography
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A novel trephine design for sinus lift lateral approach. Case report

2010

Various techniques are described in the literature, either by crestal or lateral approach. Sinus augmentation has a high percentage of success, but presents a number of intraoperative and postoperative complications. The most frequent complication is the Schneiderian membrane perforation with a percentage of perforations between 11% and 56% according to authors. The aim of this study is to describe another membrane approach technique for the sinus lateral wall osteotomy that minimizes the risk of Schneiderian membrane perforation. We present a case of a 50 year old patient attended the University Dental Clinic (UDC) of International University of Catalonia for implant and crown treatment du…

MaleMaxillary sinusbusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentPerforation (oil well)Sinus liftDentistryMaxillary SinusMiddle Aged:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]OsteotomyOsteotomyDental Implantationmedicine.anatomical_structureOtorhinolaryngologyTrephineUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASMaxillary first molarHumansMedicineSurgeryImplantbusinessGeneral DentistrySinus (anatomy)Medicina Oral Patología Oral y Cirugia Bucal
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