Search results for "fixation"
showing 10 items of 482 documents
Réponses adaptatives du Pois protéagineux à une perturbation de la fixation symbiotique d'azote en relation avec le métabolisme carboné
2013
Comment le mode de nutrition azotée influence-t-il le prélèvement, le stockage et la remobilisation des nutriments en conditions hydriques fluctuante…
2019
National audience; Pea seeds have interesting nutritional properties through their protein, vitamin and mineral contents. However, environmental conditions such as soil water availability during plant growth influence both final yield and seed quality in pea. Soil water conditions not only modulates pea nitrogen acquisition whatever the mode of nitrogen nutrition: mineral nitrogen acquisition by roots and atmospheric di-nitrogen fixation by nodules in interaction with rhizobia, but also the overall plant mineral nutrition. The aim of this study is to get a better understanding of soil water deficit impact on nutrient acquisition, storage and distribution inside the plant according to the mo…
Study of the adaptative response of N2 fixation to a root pruning in peas using environmental and genetic variations
2013
International audience; Pea is the first grain legume grown in Europe for its seeds rich in protein. As a legume, it has the ability to fix atmospheric N2 by the symbiosis with Rhyzobium bacteria. Still, N nutrition can be a limiting factor of pea yield, due to a high sensitivity of symbiotic N2 fixation to biotic stress like Aphanomyces that leads to root rots. The consequences of root damage on nodules and their N2 fixing activity and the possible adaptive response of plants still remain unknown. Root pruning could be an innovative experimental way to study these effects, resulting both in nodules and N2 deprivation. Still, researches described the adaptive responses of plants to a local …
Quantification of nitrogen fluxes and explanatory plant traits during a two year legume-cereal rotation
2018
National audience; A better understanding of how plant growth, N nutrition and symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) are influenced by soil inorganic N availability, for a wide range of legume species, is crucial to optimise legume productivity, N2 fixation, while limiting environmental risks such as N leaching. A comparative analysis was performed for ten legume crops, grown in a field experiment and supplied with four levels of N fertiliser. Dry matter, N concentration and SNF were measured. Parallely, root traits were studied in a greenhouse experiment. For most species, inorganic N inputs had little effect on plant growth and N nutrition. SNF was negatively affected by soil inorganic N avai…
Quantification des flux d’azote induits par les cultures de légumineuses et étude des traits explicatifs
2016
National audience; Dans le contexte de la transition agroécologique en faveur de systèmes de culture plus économes en intrants azotés, la réintroduction des légumineuses a un rôle majeur à jouer pour atteindre la durabilité de ces systèmes. Peu de références sont actuellement disponibles sur les intérêts agronomiques et écologiques des différentes espèces, notamment à l’échelle de la rotation. Dans ce cadre, notre objectif général consiste à mieux quantifier les flux d’azote impliqués au cours et après culture de légumineuses, et ce pour une gamme élargie d’espèces. Notre travail expérimental portera donc sur la caractérisation des flux d’azote induits dans le sol et dans les cultures de lé…
How does pea (Pisum sativum) recover from water deficit?
2020
International audience
Fixation symbiotique et effet précédent : toutes les légumineuses ne se valent pas
2018
National audience; [pas de résumé]
Symbiose fixatrice de l'azote des légumineuses : principes de fonctionnement, impacts agronomiques et environnementaux
2017
National audience
Synchronie entre l'offre et la demande dans le cycle des nutriments: apprendre des écosystèmes naturels pour construire des agrosystèmes durables
2023
Redesigning agrosystems with more ecological regulations can help feed a growing population, preserve soils for future productivity and reduce environmental impacts. However, guidelines for redesigning agrosystems from natural systems are limited. Reviewing the last knowledge of ecosystem functioning, we outlined four ecological systems synchronizing the supply of soluble nutrients by soil biota to fluctuating plant nutrient demand. This synchrony limits deficiencies and excesses of soluble nutrient, which usually penalize both production and regulating services of agrosystems such as nutrient retention and soil carbon storage. We detail how ecological systems promoting synchrony can be ins…
Quantification des flux d’azote induits par les cultures de légumineuses et étude de leurs déterminants : comparaison de 10 espèces de légumineuses à…
2019
In the context of agroecological transition, the reintroduction of legume crops should play a key role in cropping system sustainability by allowing a reduction of nitrogen (N) inputs. But few references are available concerning the agronomical and ecological services provided by a wide range of legume crops, particularly within crops succession scale. Thus, the main objective of our study is to quantify the N fluxes during and after the legume crops taking into account 10 legume crops (peas, lupin, faba bean, soybean...). Our experiment consists in i) quantifying symbiotic N fixation depending on the amount of soil inorganic N, the mineralisation of N present in legume crop residues after …