Search results for "flexibility"
showing 10 items of 466 documents
Functional ecology for evaluating and predicting the aptitude of permanent grassland to provide services
2013
National audience; Applying the principles of functional ecology helps better predict the services which can be provided by permanent grassland. Farming practices and environmental characteristics influence the functional composition of grassland. Functional plant types have a generic effect on forage services which can be assessed. 13 types of grassland composed of distinct functional types were defined based on 1,283 sample grassland fields located on 8 sites. This approach was validated by checking 8 Ellenberg indicator values (used to evaluate environmental characteristics and farming practices) against climatic data and descriptive data for farming practices. The interest of a function…
Embedded multi-spectral image processing for real-time medical application
2016
International audience; The newly introduced Kubelka-Munk Genetic Algorithm (KMGA) is a promising technique for the assessment of skin lesions from multi-spectral images. Using five skin parameter maps such as concentration or epidermis/dermis thickness, this method combines the Kubelka-Munk Light-Tissue interaction model and Genetic Algorithm optimization process to produce a quantitative measure of cutaneous tissue. Up to the present, variant improved KMGA implementations have been successfully realized using the recent parallel computing techniques. However, all these achievements are based on the multi-core CPUs. This results in a quite high cost and low practicability for the hardware …
Effets de la variabilité inter-individuelles et des interactions intra-guildes sur les stratégies d'approvisionnement de carabes consommateurs de gra…
2017
Making a choice requires, implicitly, an investment of time in one behaviour at the expense of an investment in another. Being choosy would increase the risk of losing many food item opportunities to competitors, and is directly in conflict with other essential tasks such as predator avoidance. Individuals are thus expected to adjust their level of choosiness in response to the competition and predation context. The available behavioural ecological theory and the empirical ecology of carabids would suggest that competition and predation interference induces changes in the foraging behaviour of carabid individuals. Carabids typically operate within communities in which competition and predat…
Flexibilité du contrôle moteur dans les mouvements complexes dirigés
2011
The main objective of this thesis is to study the motor flexibility in complex movements when an unexpected event makes the initial motor plan inefficient. In this way, three kinematic and electromyographic studies and a fourth with functional magnetic resonance imaging were realized. (1)The main result of the first study clearly demonstrate that during complex movements express motor corrections in the upper and lower limbs, with latency responses of less than 100 ms, were revealed by contrasting electromyographic activities in perturbed and unperturbed trials. Such findings could indicate that visual on-going movement corrections may be accomplished via fast loops at the level of the uppe…
Analogical reasoning and its development : role of executive functions and the goal of the task
2013
This manuscript develops an issue related to the involvement of goal management capabilities and executive functions in this type of reasoning and its development. The first three experiments examine this issue in two tasks of analogical reasoning, the scene analogy task and the A:B::C:? task, through the study of visual strategies used by adults, and children aged 6-to-7. The results show differences in visual patterns related to goals, and to the inhibition of irrelevant information for the solution of the problems, between the different tasks, and between children and adults. The following two experiments study the visual strategies, always in relation to executive functioning and goal m…
The effectiveness of a five-session workshop on the distress of international students in Finland – a pilot study
2023
The mental health of international students has become a concern, as they face high levels of psychological distress. We designed a five-week acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) workshop with two additional individual assessment meetings. The intervention aimed at helping international students attending a Finnish university to reduce their symptoms of stress, depression, and anxiety, and enhance skills of psychological flexibility. The post-assessment was conducted seven weeks after the pre-measurement. Using data from 53 participants, an evaluation indicated that statistically and clinically significant reductions in symptoms were observed, and the workshop was well received. Regressi…
Actor engagement as a base for value co-creation in service ecosystem : case study of future electricity demand-side response service for households
2019
This thesis focuses on exploring the value co-creation in the future electricity demand-side response (DSR) service for households. DSR service is implemented as a cloud service, where high-power home appliances are switched off, if there are consumption overload in the power grid and the flexibility is needed. The service is necessary, especially when the use of electric cars increases. As electricity consumption is expected to increase, it creates challenges for electricity network capacity. Increased production in the near future, as well as moving towards more carbon-neutral production mode, will increase the challenges for the adequacy of electricity. With this service, it is possible …
Tackling Performance Challenges in Organic Photovoltaics: An Overview about Compatibilizers
2020
Organic Photovoltaics (OPVs) based on Bulk Heterojunction (BHJ) blends are a mature technology. Having started their intensive development two decades ago, their low cost, processability and flexibility rapidly funneled the interest of the scientific community, searching for new solutions to expand solar photovoltaics market and promote sustainable development. However, their robust implementation is hampered by some issues, concerning the choice of the donor/acceptor materials, the device thermal/photo-stability, and, last but not least, their morphology. Indeed, the morphological profile of BHJs has a strong impact over charge generation, collection, and recombination processes; control o…
The two-factor structure of cognitive flexibility : tempo of switching and overcoming of prepotent responses
2023
Prezentowane badanie miało na celu odkrycie struktury procesów latentnych leżących u podstaw wykonania kilku zadań, które hipotetycznie mierzą spontaniczną i adaptacyjną giętkość poznawczą, dostarczając dowodów na ich trafność zbieżną. Grupa zdrowych ochotników (N = 121) ukończyła dwa zestawy zadań do oceny spontanicznej i adaptacyjnej giętkości poznawczej. Spontaniczna giętkość poznawcza obejmowała test myślenia dywergencyjnego (do oceny płynności i giętkości myślenia) oraz werbalny test płynności. Miary giętkości adaptacyjnej obejmowały test przełączania się między zadaniami jako miarę kosztów przełączania oraz test przerzucania uwagi jako miarę wyuczonej nieistotności i perseweracji. Nat…
Shaping the antipredator strategy: flexibility, consistency, and behavioral correlations under varying predation threat
2014
9 pages; International audience; Recent ecological and evolutionary research emphasizes the importance of adaptive trait integration. For instance, antipredator defenses are built up of several morphological and behavioral components in many species, yet their functional relationships are still poorly documented. Using field-collected freshwater crustaceans Gammarus fossarum in a within-subject design, we investigated the flexibility and consistency of refuge use, photophobia, and exploration behavior as well as their associations, quantified both when predation risk was absent or artificially simulated. In agreement with the "threat-sensitivity" hypothesis, both refuge use and photophobia …