Search results for "flood"

The Influence of Biomass Ash on the Migration of Heavy Metals in the Flooded Soil Profile - Model Experiment

2014

Soils that have been exposed to fl ood waters can be heavily polluted by inorganic and organic compounds. They are mainly compounds which appear in dissolved or suspended form fl owing together with heavily laden fl oodwater, as well as compounds created as a result of reactions in the soil profi le, mostly due to anaerobic transformation of organic matter. Heavy metals brought with fl ood waters are absorbed by the soil and also washed out from fl ood sediments by precipitation when the fl ood recedes. This paper presents the results of research on the effects of fertilization with ash from incineration or pyrolysis of biomass on the migration process of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, C…

Mercury Speciation in Floodplain Soils and Sediments along a Contaminated River Transect

1998

A novel mercury-specific sequential extraction procedure (SEP) for the assessment of mercury (Hg) speciation in soils and sediments, with emphasis on studying the interaction between Hg and organic matter (OM), was developed and tested. It was applied to determine Hg speciation in floodplain topsoils and surface sediments along the Hg-contaminated part of the river Elbe, and to simultaneously derive some information on the (re)mobilization potentials for Hg from these matrices. The majority of the total Hg in the ecosystem today is bound in the floodplains, which also still geographically reflect the historic emission record. Most of the Hg in both matrices is bound strongly to OM, suggesti…

Application d’un modèle conceptuel à l’analyse de la dynamique hydrométéorologique des crues dans un bassin-versant en milieu tropical humide : cas d…

2015

7 pages; International audience; Application of a conceptual model to analysis of dynamic hydrometeorological flood in a pool - side in tropicalmoist environment : the case of Mono river. The objective of this study is to analyze the dynamics of the basinhydrometeorological and distribution of incoming flood dam Nangbéto to assess the risk of flooding in the lower valley of theriver. The data used are: daily flows of Mono (m3.s-1) and Nangbéto Athiémé, evapotranspiration (mm / day, calculatedaccording to the method Oudin et al., 2005) and the average precipitation over the basin (mm / day) covering the period1988- 2010. The method of spatial interpolation of rainfall tested is that of ordin…

The Effect of Damage Functions on Urban Flood Damage Appraisal

2014

Flooding damage appraisal can been obtained by interpolating real damage data caused by historical flooding events or accounting the effects of a flood in terms of the depreciation of assets. Most often, the expected damage is evaluated by means of damage functions describing the relationship occurring between the damage and hydraulic characteristics of flood. The present paper aims to evaluate the uncertainty linked to the choice of the depth-damage function adopted in the flood damage analysis. Several possible depth-damage function formulations were selected in literature and applied to historical flooding events monitored in the "Centro Storico" catchment in Palermo (Italy). (C) 2013 Th…

The flood of October 2009 and the effect on the Messina area.

2012

Metro Manila’s Challenges: Flooding, Housing and Mobility

2014

Among the many challenges faced by MetroManila, the National Capital Region of the Philippines, three appear as the most pressing issues for the everydaylife of its citizens: housing, flooding and traffic. The rapid increase in population of the metropolitan area had led to a mushrooming of substandard housing and squatting, sometimes in danger areas such as waterways and transport lanes. In a tropical context of heavy monsoon rains and frequent typhoons, riverside slums impeding the flow of water appear as one of the reasons—not the only one—why Manila floods, when at the same time people are placed at high risk. Coupled with a lack of available space throughout the metropolis, the high po…

Os, Sr, Nd, Pb, O isotope and trace element data from the Ferrar flood basalts, antarctica: evidence for an enriched subcontinental lithospheric sour…

1996

Os, Sr, Nd, Pb and O isotopes and trace element data are reported for basaltic andesite and andesite whole rocks and, in part, for selected mineral separates from the Jurassic Ferrar flood basalt province. Radiogenic Sr (> 0.709), unradiogenic Nd (εNd= −3 to −5), and radiogenic Pb isotopes, as well as low Nb/La ratios of 0.4 – 0.6 and Nb/La ratios between 0.45 and 0.6 are found for all rocks including our most primitive sample (Mg# = 71.9). This indicates involvement of either continental crust or enriched lithospheric mantle in magma genesis. 187Re/188Os correlates strongly with 187Os/188Os, with an age of 172 ± 5 Ma, in agreement with published Arsingle bondAr data. Initial 187Os/188Os of…

Uncertain Characterization of Flood Hazard Using Bivariate Analysis Based on Copulas

2015

This study presents a methodology to derive probabilistic flood hazard map in flood prone areas taking into account uncertainties in the definition of design-hydrographs. Particularly, we present an innovative approach to obtain probabilistic inundation and flood hazard maps where hydrological input (synthetic flood design event) to a 2D hydraulic model has been defined by generating flood peak discharges and volumes from a bivariate statistical analysis, through the use of copulas. This study also aims to quantify the contribution of boundary conditions uncertainty in order to explore the impact of this uncertainty on probabilistic flood hazard mapping. The uncertainty of extreme flood eve…

Specific calibration and predictive uncertainty evaluation strategies for flood propagation models

2009

Hydraulic models are an essential tool in many fields, e.g. civil engineering, flood hazard and risk assessments, evaluation of flood control measures, etc. Nowadays there are many models of different complexity regarding the mathematical foundation and spatial dimensions available, and most of them are comparatively easy to operate due to sophisticated tools for model setup and control. However, the calibration of these models is still underdeveloped in contrast to other models like e.g. hydrological models or models used in ecosystem analysis. This has basically two reasons: First, the lack of relevant data against the models can be calibrated, because flood events are very rarely monitor…

A cost efficiency analysis of flood proofing measures for hydraulic risk mitigation in an Urbanized riverine area

2020

Non-structural measures for flood risk mitigation are often more economically accessible, easier to implement, and are highly effective, especially in view of the pursuit of risk resilience objectives. Among the non-structural measures, more importance is increasingly being attributed to flood proofing interventions. There are two main types of flood proofing: dry proofing and wet proofing. An example of dry proofing is shielding, which involves the use of flood barriers that can be installed in the entrances of buildings or outside the buildings in order to avoid contact with the houses and deviate the water flow. Their use must be supported by a detailed hydraulic analysis to ensure the c…