Search results for "fluid"

showing 10 items of 5513 documents

Exploiting transport properties for the detection of optical pumping in heavy ions

2020

We present a kinetic model for optical pumping in Lu$^+$ and Lr$^+$ ions as well as a theoretical approach to calculate the transport properties of Lu$^+$ in its ground $^1S_0$ and metastable $^3D_1$ states in helium background gas. Calculations of the initial ion state populations, the field and temperature dependence of the mobilities and diffusion coefficients, and the ion arrival time distributions demonstrate that the ground- and metastable-state ions can be collected and discriminated efficiently under realistic macroscopic conditions.

PhysicsKinetic modelAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)FOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_elementSuperheavy Elements01 natural sciencesLutetiumPhysics - Atomic Physics010305 fluids & plasmasIonOptical pumpingchemistry0103 physical sciencesddc:530Atomic physics010306 general physicsLawrenciumPhysical Review A
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Laser spectroscopy of the (1s(2)2s2p) P-3(0)-P-3(1) level splitting in Be-like krypton

2011

15th International Conference on the Physics of Highly Charged Ions, HCI2010, Fudan Univ, Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA, AUG 29-SEP 03, 2010; International audience; Heavy few-electron ions, such as He-, Li- and Be-like ions, are ideal atomic systems to study the effects of correlation, relativity and quantum electrodynamics. Very recently, theoretical and experimental studies of these species achieved a considerable improvement in accuracy. Be-like ions are interesting because their first excited state, i.e. (1s(2)2s2p) P-3(0), has an almost infinite lifetime (tau(0)) in the absence of nuclear spin (I), as it can only decay by a two-photon E1M1 transition to the (1s(2)2s(2)) S-1(0) ground stat…

PhysicsKryptonchemistry.chemical_elementCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciences7. Clean energyAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics010305 fluids & plasmasIonTheory of relativitychemistryExcited state0103 physical sciencesIdeal (ring theory)Atomic physics[PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]010306 general physicsSpectroscopyGround stateMathematical PhysicsStorage ring
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Mass measurements on unstable Sn and Sr isotopes with the ISOLTRAP mass spectrometer

2001

Direct mass measurements have been performed on the isotopes 76,77,80,81Sr and 129,130,131,132Sn by means of the Penning trap mass spectrometer ISOLTRAP at ISOLDE/CERN. In the case of 76Sr the mass was measured for the first time and an accuracy of about 30 keV was reached (Fig. 1). The masses of the tin isotopes are known for a long time from Q β measurements.

PhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderIsotope[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex][PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Penning trapMass spectrometry01 natural sciencesISOLTRAP010305 fluids & plasmasNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesIsotopes of tin010306 general physics
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Universal scaling for the quantum Ising chain with a classical impurity

2017

We study finite size scaling for the magnetic observables of an impurity residing at the endpoint of an open quantum Ising chain in a transverse magnetic field, realized by locally rescaling the magnetic field by a factor $\mu \neq 1$. In the homogeneous chain limit at $\mu = 1$, we find the expected finite size scaling for the longitudinal impurity magnetization, with no specific scaling for the transverse magnetization. At variance, in the classical impurity limit, $\mu = 0$, we recover finite scaling for the longitudinal magnetization, while the transverse one basically does not scale. For this case, we provide both analytic approximate expressions for the magnetization and the susceptib…

PhysicsLength scaleElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materials; Condensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialObservable--Condensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesSquare latticeSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materia010305 fluids & plasmasMagnetic fieldMagnetizationQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesIsing model010306 general physicsQuantumScaling
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Attenuation of the fourth sound in liquid helium II via extended thermodynamics

2004

Abstract This work continues a study begun in previous works, where a non-standard model of liquid helium II is proposed, in which a small entropy transfer is associated with the superfluid component. In this work the influence of this superfluid entropy on the propagation of the fourth sound is analyzed. From experimental data for velocities and attenuations of the first and second sound, the model provides speed and attenuation coefficient of the fourth sound in a porous medium as a function of the ratio ss/s between the superfluid entropy ss and the total entropy s. These values are determined in the two limiting cases ss/s=0 and =0.02, for various values of temperature and pressure.

PhysicsLiquid heliumApplied MathematicsMechanical EngineeringAttenuationNon-equilibrium thermodynamicsThermodynamicslaw.inventionSuperfluidityEntropy (classical thermodynamics)Mechanics of MaterialslawAttenuation coefficientSecond soundPorous mediumInternational Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics
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Effective thermal conductivity of superuid helium: Laminar, turbulent and ballistic regimes

2016

Abstract In this paper we extend previous results on the effective thermal conductivity of liquid helium II in cylindrical channels to rectangular channels with high aspect ratio. The aim is to compare the results in the laminar regime, the turbulent regime and the ballistic regime, all of them obtained within a single mesoscopic formalism of heat transport, with heat flux as an independent variable.

PhysicsLiquid heliumT57-57.97Applied mathematics. Quantitative methodsCondensed matter physicsTurbulenceApplied MathematicsLiquid helium; Quantized vortices; Quantum turbulence; Thermal conductivity; Applied Mathematics;Laminar flow01 natural sciencesQuantum turbulenceIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering010305 fluids & plasmasPhysics::Fluid DynamicsApplied MathematicThermal conductivityThermal conductivity0103 physical sciencesQuantized vortice010306 general physicsSettore MAT/07 - Fisica Matematicaquantized vorticesSuperfluid helium-4
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computational Fluid Dynamics of High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation (HFOV)

2011

In order to better understand the mechanisms of gas transport during High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation (HFOV) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) with contrast gases and numerical flow simulations based on Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) methods are performed.

PhysicsMRTmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryPhysics::Medical PhysicsMagnetic resonance imagingMechanicsComputational fluid dynamicsPhysics::Fluid DynamicsNuclear magnetic resonancemedicineCentral airwaybusinessCFD VentilationHigh frequency oscillatory ventilation
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Electrong-factor determinations in Penning traps

2013

The magnetic moment of the electron, expressed by the g-factor in units of the Bohr magneton, is a key quantity in the theory of quantum electrodynamics (QED). Experiments using single particles confined in Penning traps have provided very precise values of the g-factor for the free electron as well as the electron bound in hydrogen-like ions. In this paper the status of these experiments is reviewed. The results allow testing calculations of higher order Feynman diagrams. Comparison of experimental and theoretical results for free and bound particles show no discrepancy within the limits of error, thus representing to date the most sensitive test of QED. Moreover, the g-factor provides a u…

PhysicsMagnetic momentg-factorGeneral Physics and AstronomyFine-structure constantElectronPenning trap01 natural sciencesElectron magnetic dipole moment010305 fluids & plasmasBohr magnetonsymbols.namesake0103 physical sciencessymbolsFeynman diagramAtomic physics010306 general physicsAnnalen der Physik
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Spinmotive force due to motion of magnetic bubble arrays driven by magnetic field gradient

2014

Interaction between local magnetization and conduction electrons is responsible for a variety of phenomena in magnetic materials. It has been recently shown that spin current and associated electric voltage can be induced by magnetization that depends on both time and space. This effect, called spinmotive force, provides for a powerful tool for exploring the dynamics and the nature of magnetic textures, as well as a new source for electromotive force. Here we theoretically demonstrate the generation of electric voltages in magnetic bubble array systems subjected to a magnetic field gradient. It is shown by deriving expressions for the electric voltages that the present system offers a direc…

PhysicsMagnetization dynamicsMultidisciplinaryCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed matter physicsSpintronicsElectromotive forceFOS: Physical sciencesElectronThermal conductionArticleMagnetizationMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Current (fluid)VoltageScientific Reports
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Dynamics of a flexible magnetic chain in a rotating magnetic field.

2004

The model of an elastic magnetic rod is applied for a study of a behavior of the flexible magnetic particle chain in a rotating magnetic field. By numerical simulation it is shown that behavior of a flexible magnetic chain is characterized by the existence of a critical frequency beyond which the dynamics of the rod is periodic with subsequent stages of bending and straightening. The value of the critical frequency found is explained by a simple model. Below the critical frequency the chain is bent and rotates synchronously with a field. It is illustrated that in particular cases the considered model reproduces phenomena observed experimentally and numerically for the magnetic particle chai…

PhysicsMagnetizationRotating magnetic fieldClassical mechanicsField (physics)Critical frequencyMagnetic energyMagnetorheological fluidMagnetic particle inspectionMagnetic dipolePhysical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics
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