Search results for "fluid"

showing 10 items of 5513 documents

Efficient conversion of orbital Hall current to spin current for spin-orbit torque switching

2021

Spin Hall effect, an electric generation of spin current, allows for efficient control of magnetization. Recent theory revealed that orbital Hall effect creates orbital current, which can be much larger than spin Hall-induced spin current. However, orbital current cannot directly exert a torque on a ferromagnet, requiring a conversion process from orbital current to spin current. Here, we report two effective methods of the conversion through spin-orbit coupling engineering, which allows us to unambiguously demonstrate orbital-current-induced spin torque, or orbital Hall torque. We find that orbital Hall torque is greatly enhanced by introducing either a rare-earth ferromagnet Gd or a Pt in…

QC1-999FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyApplied Physics (physics.app-ph)AstrophysicsMagnetizationHall effectMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)ddc:530Spin (physics)CouplingPhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed matter physicsSpintronicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsPhysicsMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Physics - Applied PhysicsCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectQB460-466FerromagnetismSpin Hall effectCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsCurrent (fluid)
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Investigating the effects of intersection flow localization in equivalent-continuum-based upscaling of flow in discrete fracture networks

2021

Abstract. Predicting effective permeabilities of fractured rock masses is a crucial component of reservoir modeling. Its often realized with the discrete fracture network (DFN) method, whereby single-phase incompressible fluid flow is modeled in discrete representations of individual fractures in a network. Depending on the overall number of fractures, this can result in high computational costs. Equivalent continuum models (ECMs) provide an alternative approach by subdividing the fracture network into a grid of continuous medium cells, over which hydraulic properties are averaged for fluid flow simulations. While continuum methods have the advantage of lower computational costs and the pos…

QE1-996.5Darcy's lawDiscretizationStratigraphyPaleontologySoil ScienceGeologyMechanicsStokes flowPipe flowQE640-699Permeability (earth sciences)GeophysicsFlow (mathematics)Geochemistry and PetrologyFracture (geology)Fluid dynamicsGeologyEarth-Surface Processes
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Human Amnion-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A New Potential Treatment for Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales in Decompensated Cirrhosis

2022

Background: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a severe and often fatal infection in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and ascites. The only cure for SBP is antibiotic therapy, but the emerging problem of bacterial resistance requires novel therapeutic strategies. Human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (hA-MSCs) possess immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties that can be harnessed as a therapy in such a context. Methods: An in vitro applications of hA-MSCs in ascitic fluid (AF) of cirrhotic patients, subsequently infected with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, was performed. We evaluated the effects of hA-MSCs on bacterial load, innate immunity factors, and macr…

QH301-705.5Placentacirrhosis; ascitic fluid; spontaneous bacterial peritonitis; human amnion-derived mesenchymal stromal cells; carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales; pattern recognition molecules; ficolins; complement; placentaComplementEnterobacterPeritonitisMesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantationbeta-Lactam ResistanceCatalysisImmunomodulationInorganic ChemistryPhagocytosisSpontaneous bacterial peritonitisHumansHuman amnion-derived mesenchymal stromal cellsAmnionBiology (General)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryQD1-999Complement ActivationMolecular BiologySpectroscopyAscitic fluidMacrophagesCarbapenem-resistant EnterobacteralesOrganic ChemistryPattern recognition moleculesEnterobacteriaceae InfectionsMesenchymal Stem CellsPeritoneal FibrosisFicolinsComplement System ProteinsGeneral MedicineBacterial LoadComputer Science ApplicationsChemistryTreatment OutcomeCirrhosisCarbapenemsReceptors Pattern RecognitionDisease SusceptibilityInflammation MediatorsBiomarkersInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences; Volume 23; Issue 2; Pages: 857
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Quantum walk on the line through potential barriers

2015

Quantum walks are well-known for their ballistic dispersion, traveling $\Theta(t)$ away in $t$ steps, which is quadratically faster than a classical random walk's diffusive spreading. In physical implementations of the walk, however, the particle may need to tunnel through a potential barrier to hop, and a naive calculation suggests this could eliminate the ballistic transport. We show by explicit calculation, however, that such a loss does not occur. Rather, the $\Theta(t)$ dispersion is retained, with only the coefficient changing, which additionally gives a way to detect and quantify the hopping errors in experiments.

Quadratic growthPhysicsQuantum PhysicsFOS: Physical sciencesStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectRandom walk01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasTheoretical Computer ScienceElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsModeling and SimulationBallistic conduction0103 physical sciencesSignal ProcessingLine (geometry)Dispersion (optics)Rectangular potential barrierQuantum walkStatistical physicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringQuantum Physics (quant-ph)010306 general physicsQuantum Information Processing
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Reply to 'The super-quadratic growth of high-harmonic signal as a function of pressure'

2010

Quadratic growthPhysicsbusiness.industryMathematical analysisOptical physicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyFunction (mathematics)SignalNonlinear systemHarmonicFluid dynamicsStatistical physicsPhotonicsbusinessNature Physics
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The role of the reporting framework MIATA within current efforts to advance immune monitoring

2014

Quality Controlmedicine.medical_specialtyLaboratory Proficiency TestingConsensusmedicine.medical_treatmentInternational CooperationT-LymphocytesImmunologyImmune monitoringPharmacologyImmunologic TestsImmune assaysMonitoring ImmunologicPredictive Value of TestsmedicineImmunology and AllergyHumansCooperative BehaviorIntensive care medicineImmune monitoringObserver Variationbusiness.industryGuideline adherenceMIATAImmunologic TestsReproducibility of ResultsImmunotherapyTreatment OutcomeReportingPredictive value of testsPractice Guidelines as TopicCooperative behaviorLaboratory Proficiency TestingGuideline AdherenceImmunotherapyCurrent (fluid)businessLaboratories
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Local Viscosity in the Vicinity of a Wall Coated by Polymer Brush from Green-Kubo Relations

2008

When fluids are confined in slit pores between parallel walls, their static structures and their dynamical properties exhibit inhomogeneity in the z-direction perpendicular to the wall. Of particular interest are local bulk viscosity η b (z) and shear viscosity η s (z). Here, we discuss an algorithm to estimate these quantities from Green-Kubo relations using equilibrium molecular dynamics. As an application example, a polymer brush (macromolecules end-grafted to a substrate at z= 0) interacting with a solvent formed from point-like particles is given.

Quantitative Biology::BiomoleculesPolymers and PlasticsCondensed matter physicsChemistryOrganic ChemistryVolume viscositySubstrate (electronics)Condensed Matter PhysicsPolymer brushGreen–Kubo relationsPhysics::Fluid DynamicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterInorganic ChemistryViscosityMolecular dynamicsMaterials ChemistryPerpendicularPhysical chemistryMacromoleculeMacromolecular Theory and Simulations
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FLEXIBLE FERROMAGNETIC FILAMENTS AS ARTIFICIAL CILIA

2011

The model of an artificial cilia as a flexible ferromagnetic filament in a rotating magnetic field is proposed. Numerical algorithm for the simulation of its behavior is developed and the characteristic shapes of the filament with one fixed end under the action of a rotating field are found. It is concluded that ferromagnetic filaments may be used as mixers in microfluidics.

Quantitative Biology::Subcellular ProcessesPhysicsProtein filamentRotating magnetic fieldClassical mechanicsField (physics)Condensed matter physicsFerromagnetismMicrofluidicsStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsCondensed Matter PhysicsAction (physics)Quantitative Biology::Cell BehaviorElectro-Rheological Fluids and Magneto-Rheological Suspensions
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A Possible Time-Dependent Generalization of the Bipartite Quantum Marginal Problem

2018

In this work we study an inverse dynamical problem for a bipartite quantum system governed by the time local master equation: to find the class of generators which give rise to a certain time evolution with the constraint of fixed reduced states (marginals). The compatibility of such choice with a global unitary evolution is considered. For the non unitary case we propose a systematic method to reconstruct examples of master equations and address them to different physical scenarios.

Quantum PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticTime evolutionInverseFOS: Physical sciencespure quantum state01 natural sciencesMultipartite entanglementAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics010305 fluids & plasmasQuantum statemultipartite entanglement0103 physical sciencesMaster equationBipartite graphQuantum systemApplied mathematicsbipartite quantum system010306 general physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)quantum controlQuantumEngineering (miscellaneous)Mathematics
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Sensitive magnetometry in challenging environments

2020

State-of-the-art magnetic field measurements performed in shielded environments under carefully controlled conditions rarely reflect the realities of those applications envisioned in the introductions of peer-reviewed publications. Nevertheless, significant advances in magnetometer sensitivity have been accompanied by serious attempts to bring these magnetometers into the challenging working environments in which they are often required. This review discusses the ways in which various (predominantly optically pumped) magnetometer technologies have been adapted for use in a wide range of noisy and physically demanding environments.

Quantum PhysicsComputer Networks and CommunicationsMagnetometerComputer scienceAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesApplied Physics (physics.app-ph)Physics - Applied PhysicsCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics010305 fluids & plasmasElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionPhysics - Atomic PhysicsComputational Theory and Mathematicslaw0103 physical sciencesSystems engineeringddc:530Electrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)
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