Search results for "fluid"
showing 10 items of 5513 documents
Microfluidic continuous flow synthesis of rod-shaped gold and silver nanocrystals
2009
We present a continuous flow synthesis of gold and silver nanorods allowing tailored design of particles with desired shapes and online monitoring of particle growth.
Incidence of DAA failure and the clinical impact of retreatment in real-life patients treated in the advanced stage of liver disease: Interim evaluat…
2017
Background: Few data are available on the virological and clinical outcomes of advanced liver disease patients retreated after first-line DAA failure. Aim: To evaluate DAA failure incidence and the retreatment clinical impact in patients treated in the advanced liver disease stage. Methods: Data on HCV genotype, liver disease severity, and first and second line DAA regimens were prospectively collected in consecutive patients who reached the 12-week post-treatment and retreatment evaluations from January 2015 to December 2016 in 23 of the PITER network centers. Results: Among 3,830 patients with advanced fibrosis (F3) or cirrhosis, 139 (3.6%) failed to achieve SVR. Genotype 3, bilirubin lev…
The influence of matrix rheology and vorticity on fabric development of populations of rigid objects during plane strain deformation
2002
Abstract The influence of vorticity and rheology of matrix material on the development of shape-preferred orientation (SPO) of populations of rigid objects was experimentally studied. Experiments in plane strain monoclinic flow were performed to model the fabric development of two populations of rectangular rigid objects with object aspect ratios (Rob) 2 and 3. The density of the rigid object populations was 14% of the total area. Objects were dispersed in a Newtonian and a non-Newtonian, power law matrix material with a power law exponent n of 1.2. The kinematic vorticity number (Wn) of the plane strain monoclinic flow was 1, 0.8 and 0.6 with finite simple shear strain of 4.6, 3.0 and 0.9,…
Performance Prevision of a Turbocharged Natural Gas Fuelled S.I. Engine
2008
Natural gas represents today maybe the most valid alternative to conventional fuels for road vehicles propulsion. The main constituent of natural gas, methane, is characterized by a high autoignition temperature, which makes the fuel highly resistant to knocking: this allows a considerable downsizing of the engine by means of supercharging even under high compression ratio. Starting from these considerations, the authors realized a thermodynamic model of a 4-cilynder s.i. engine for the prevision of in-cylinder pressure, employing a two-zone approach for the combustion and adding sub-models to account for gas properties change and knocking occurrence. An extensive experimental campaign has …
Molecular Selectivity of CH 4 –C 2 H 6 Mixed Hydrates: A GCMC Study
2021
International audience; In this paper, we report the first grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation study aiming at characterizing the competitive trapping of CH4 and C2H6 molecules into clathrate hydrates under temperature conditions typical of those encountered at the surface of Titan. Various compositions of the fluid in contact with the clathrate phase have been considered in the simulations, including pure methane, pure ethane, and mixed fluids made of various methane/ethane ratios. The trapping isotherms obtained from the simulations clearly show that ethane molecules can be enclathrated at lower pressures than methane molecules. In addition, they provide evidence that the methane molec…
Advances in designing drip irrigation laterals
2018
It is known that using paired laterals, in which two distribution pipes extend in opposite directions from a common manifold, contribute to increasing water use efficiency (WUE). Recently, an analytical procedure to optimally design paired drip laterals on uniform slopes was proposed. More recently, this design procedure was simplified by deriving simple explicit relationships, as a function of 16 calibration constants, with relative errors that were less than 2%. In this paper, further simple design relationships are derived that require only 3 calibration constants, thus more readily obtainable results are produced and the influence of the flow rate and diameter exponents of resistance eq…
New stage-discharge relationship for cylindrical and semi-cylindrical edged sluice gates
2019
Abstract Gates are simple hydraulic structures which have been widely used for flow control and measurement in irrigation networks. In this paper new sluice gates with cylindrical and semi-cylindrical edges were introduced and the flow movement below these types of gates was experimentally investigated for both free- and submerged-flow conditions. The Buckingham theorem of dimensional analysis and the self-similarity theory were applied for developing the stage-discharge relationships for the two investigated flow conditions. For these cylindrical and semi-cylindrical edged gates and a free-flow condition, the proposed stage-discharge relationship was characterized by an estimate error less…
Impact of centrality on cooperative processes
2016
The solution of today's complex problems requires the grouping of task forces whose members are usually connected remotely over long physical distances and different time zones. Hence, understanding the effects of imposed communication patterns (i.e., who can communicate with whom) on group performance is important. Here, we use an agent-based model to explore the influence of the betweenness centrality of the nodes on the time the group requires to find the global maxima of NK-fitness landscapes. The agents cooperate by broadcasting messages, informing on their fitness to their neighbors, and use this information to copy the more successful agents in their neighborhood. We find that for ea…
Opinion Dynamics and Collective Decisions
2021
We expect that democracy enables us to utilize collective intelligence such that our collective decisions build and enhance social welfare, and such that we accept their distributive and normative consequences. Collective decisions are produced by voting procedures which aggregate individual preferences and judgments. Before and after, individual preferences and judgments change as their underlying attitudes, values, and opinions change through discussion and deliberation. In large groups, these dynamics naturally go beyond the scope of the individual and consequently might show unexpected self-driven macroscopic systems dynamics following socio-physical laws. On the other hand, aggregated …