Search results for "fluids and secretions"
showing 10 items of 264 documents
Understanding the release and metabolism of aroma compounds using micro-volume saliva samples by ex vivo approaches
2018
International audience; This study investigated the behaviour of key aroma compounds in the presence of human saliva (200 mu L) from different individuals (n = 3) submitted or not to centrifugation (whole vs clarified saliva). HS-GC results showed that human saliva strongly decreased the release of carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones). This effect was dependent on i) the structure of the aroma compounds and ii) the saliva composition. Whole saliva exerted a higher effect than clarified saliva on aroma compounds. Moreover, this effect was individual-dependent and related to the total protein content and the total antioxidant capacity of saliva. HS-SPME and LLE-GC/MS analyses revealed t…
In vitro studies of adsorption of milk proteins onto tooth enamel
2006
Abstract The aim of this investigation was to study in vitro adsorption of milk proteins onto tooth enamel. In vitro “milk protein pellicles” were formed on enamel specimens incubated in fluid milk products: skimmed milk (pH 6.7), acidified skimmed milk (pH 4.2), yoghurt and neutralized yoghurt (pH 6.7). The enamel specimens were used as such or pre-incubated in saliva. The “milk pellicles” were desorbed from enamel surfaces, and proteins separated by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Proteins were identified by their pattern of migration in SDS-PAGE or by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) fingerp…
Dissection of C1q Capability of Interacting with IgG
1997
Abstract C1q-bearing immune complexes have been observed in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and human immunodeficiency virus infection-associated neuropathy. For the purpose of understanding better the phenomenon of C1q-bearing immune complexes, we investigated the constancy of the C1q-IgG interaction. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed in which wells were coated with IgG to mimic antigen-complexed IgG. Serial dilutions of C1q were applied for distinct time intervals, and bound C1q was detected either directly or after exposure to one of several elution buffers. Our results show that a part of C1q attached to IgG forms a tight association that is not reversible under t…
Genomic characterization of a novel group A lamb rotavirus isolated in Zaragoza, Spain.
2008
An ovine rotavirus (OVR) strain, 762, was isolated from a 30-day-old lamb affected with severe gastroenteritis, in Zaragoza, Spain, and the VP4, VP7, VP6, NSP4, and NSP5/NSP6 genes were subsequently characterized molecularly. Strain OVR762 was classified as a P[14] rotavirus, as the VP4 and VP8* trypsin-cleavage product of the VP4 protein revealed the highest amino acid (aa) identity (94% and 97%, respectively) with that of the P11[14] human rotavirus (HRV) strain PA169, isolated in Italy. Analysis of the VP7 gene product revealed that OVR762 possessed G8 serotype specificity, a type common in ruminants, with the highest degree of aa identity (95–98%) shared with serotype G8 HRV, bovine rot…
G2 rotavirus infections in an infantile population of the South of Italy: variability of viral strains over time.
2005
Rotavirus positive samples collected in Palermo, Italy, during 2002–2004 did not react with the G2 type-specific RV5:3 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and could be identified as G2 only by RT-PCR genotyping. The genetic variation of VP7 and VP4 antigenic proteins was studied in 14 G2 samples including a selection of both those successfully characterized by serotyping and those failing to be serotyped. The phylogenetic analysis performed on partial VP7 sequences showed a temporal clustering of these strains, with those isolated in Palermo in 2003 belonging to the same lineage of G2 MAbs-unreactive strains identified in UK in 1996–1997 and in Bari, Italy, in 2003–2004. A single amino acid substi…
Effects of the foal at the milking and dietary supplementation with extra virgin olive oil on jennet milk production
2009
The effects of the foal at the milking and the extra virgin olive oil supplementation in the diet, on the milk obtained by 12 Ragusana jennets were studied. The jennets were each fed 3.5+1.5 kg/d of concentrate+bran, and hay ad libitum. They were divided into 2 equal groups with one group receiving an additional dietary supplement of 100 ml/d of olive oil. Milk was collected at day 20 post foal- ing and every 15-18 d for 5 times. At each collection period jennets were milked 4-times per day. At 07:30 h foals were separated from the jennets and after a 4 hour interval were milked manually (1MNF;1st milking, foal absent). At the end of the 1MNF, each jennet was milked again, with the foals ke…
Jennet milk production during the lactation in a Sicilian farming system
2012
Abstract In Italy, the interest for jennet milk production has recently developed. An 18-month-long experiment was carried out on a jennet farm near Milo (CT), where 24 jennets, which derived from the Ragusana breed, were tested for milk yield and composition over an entire lactation period. The jennets were fed with hay and concentrate in a large paddock. From the 28th post-foaling day to the end of the lactation, the jennets were machine-milked twice a day with an in-between milking interval of 5 h. The milk amount from each jennet was recorded every 3 weeks and individual samples were collected and analyzed for fat, protein, casein, non-proteic nitrogen, lactose and somatic cell count. T…
Determination of milk production losses in Valle del Belice sheep following experimental infection of Mycoplasma agalactiae
2015
Abstract Economic losses due to contagious agalactia (CA) in small ruminant herds are mainly associated with significant reductions in or complete loss of dairy production, mortality, abortions, ill thrift, early culling and costs of control. With the aim of estimating milk production losses caused by CA, 46 primiparous lactating Valle del Belice ewes were monitored after experimental infection. Sixty days after lambing, two ewes were each experimentally infected with a single dose of 10 8 CFU/ml of a live Mycoplasma agalactiae strain in both teats by intracanalicular route. Three days after inoculation, the infection was spread manually by the milkers dipping their hands in the pooled mil…
The effects of different milking intervals and milking times per day in jennet milk production
2012
Abstract In their first 150 days of lactation, nine Ragusana jennets were investigated at the ‘Istituto Sperimentale Zootecnico per la Sicilia’ (ISZS) in Palermo, to study the effects of different milking typologies on milk production. The jennets were kept in a paddock and were fed hay ad libitum and concentrate (3.5 kg jennet/day). From post-foaling day 21, every 3 weeks individual milk amounts were recorded, and individual milk samples were collected and analyzed for the main qualitative parameters. The compared theses were: two daily milking times with 6- and 3-h intervals; and two, three and eight daily milking times with 3-h interval. The jennets were manually milked. The foals were s…
Seroprevalence of Norovirus Genogroup IV Antibodies among Humans, Italy, 2010–2011
2014
Antibodies specific to genogroup IV identified in human specimens suggest zoonotic exposure.