Search results for "folding"

Determination of the Transverse Momentum of W Bosons in Hadronic Collisions via Forward Folding Techniques

2015

The measurement of the transverse momentum of W bosons in hadron collisions provides not only an important test of QCD calculations, but also is an important input for the precision measurement of the W boson mass. While the measurement of the Z boson transverse momentum is experimentally well under control, the available unfolding techniques for the W boson final states lead generically to relatively large uncertainties. In this paper, we present a new methodology to estimate the W boson transverse momentum spectrum, significantly improving the systematic uncertainties of current approaches.

The role of heat shock proteins in neoplastic processes and the research on their importance in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer

2021

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are chaperones with highly conservative primary structure, necessary in the processes of protein folding to the most energetically advantageous conformation and maintaining their stability. HSPs perform a number of important functions in various cellular processes and are capable of modulating pathophysiological conditions at the cellular and systemic levels. An example is the high level of HSP expression in neoplastic tissues, which disrupts the apoptosis of transformed cells and promotes the processes of proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. In addition, an increasing amount of information is appearing about the participation of HSPs in the formation of multi…

Targeting Homer genes using adeno-associated viral vector: lessons learned from behavioural and neurochemical studies.

2008

Over a decade of in-vitro data support a critical role for members of the Homer family of postsynaptic scaffolding proteins in regulating the functional architecture of glutamate synapses. Earlier studies of Homer knockout mice indicated a necessary role for Homer gene products in normal mesocorticolimbic glutamate transmission and behaviours associated therewith. The advent of adeno-associated viral vectors carrying cDNA for, or short hairpin RNA against, specific Homer isoforms enabled the site-directed targeting of Homers to neurons in the brain. This approach has allowed our groups to address developmental issues associated with conventional knockout mice, to confirm active roles for di…

Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Interacts with Multiple Immunoglobulin Domains of Filamin A

2010

Mutations of the chloride channel cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) that impair its apical localization and function cause cystic fibrosis. A previous report has shown that filamin A (FLNa), an actin-cross-linking and -scaffolding protein, interacts directly with the cytoplasmic N terminus of CFTR and that this interaction is necessary for stability and confinement of the channel to apical membranes. Here, we report that the CFTR N terminus has sequence similarity to known FLNa-binding partner-binding sites. FLNa has 24 Ig (IgFLNa) repeats, and a CFTR peptide pulled down repeats 9, 12, 17, 19, 21, and 23, which share sequence similarity yet differ from the other FLN…

Scaffolding by means of scientific concepts: a teacher-guided peer response activity

2018

The paper analyzes the performance of a university student on a peer response activity which is part of an assignment in a writing course for second-year students of English philology. With Vygotsky’s (1987) doctrine of scientific concepts as a lens, it looks at how in the course of the peer response activity the teacher and the students support one another in their respective attempts to teach and learn writing. Teacher support on tasks, known as scaffolding (e.g. Stone 1998), is based on the idea that instruction should provide for transfer of responsibility for a complex task from teacher to student (Vygotsky 1978; Wood, Bruner, & Ross 1976). Adopting the Vygotskian perspective, I explai…

Deriving scaling laws in geodynamics using adjoint gradients

2018

Abstract Whereas significant progress has been made in modelling of lithospheric and crustal scale processes in recent years, it often remains a challenge to understand which of the many model parameters is of key importance for a particular simulation. Determining this is usually done by manually changing the model input parameters and performing new simulations. For a few cases, such as for folding or Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities, one can use thick-plate stability analysis to derive scaling laws to obtain such insights. Yet, for more general cases, it is not straightforward to do this (apart from running many simulations). Here, we discuss a numerically cheaper approach to compute scalin…

Chaperonopathies of senescence and the scrambling of interactions between the chaperoning and the immune systems

2010

Aging entails progressive deterioration of molecules and supramolecular structures, including Hsp chaperones and their complexes, paralleled by functional decline. Recent research has changed our views on Hsp chaperones. They work inside and outside cells in many locations, alone or forming teams, interacting with cells, receptors, and molecules that are not chaperones, in roles that are not typically attributed to chaperones, such as protein folding. Hsp chaperones form a physiological system with a variety of functions and interactions with other systems, for example, the immune system. We propose that chaperone malfunctioning due to structural damage or gene dysregulation during aging ha…

ATTIVITÀ RNA LEGANTE DELLA PROTEINA CSD-C2 RICOMBINANTE PRODOTTA IN ESCHERICHIA COLI RNA BINDING ACTIVITY OF RECOMBINANT CSD-C2 PROTEIN EXPRESSED IN …

2010

THE ROLE OF HSP60 IN AMYLOID BETA PATHWAY: RELEVANCE TO ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder affecting more than 40 million individuals worldwide. The high number of factors triggering the onset of AD justifies the current absence of disease-modifying therapies. The involved pathological mechanisms are still elusive and, therefore, the finding of effective therapies requires further elucidation of biomolecular mechanisms controlling AD pathogenesis. Particularly, the aberrant amyloidogenic cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP), amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide misfolding and oligomerization, and the impairment of the protein quality control machinery are key hallmarks characterizing the onset of the disease. Furthe…

Landscape Architecture and the Green Deal Dare: Five Successful Experiences in Urban Open Spaces

2022

The present work focuses on European cities’ environments and open spaces, aiming to demonstrate how, through landscape architecture, it is possible to respond effectively to many of the ecological and social hardships that the Green Deal aspires to alleviate. It was signed in 2019 by all of the member countries of the Union, seeks to reverse the climate change trend by establishing a series of goals for improving environmental and economic quality for 2030 and 2050 and also aims to enact social justice in rural areas and in the urban environment. Landscape architecture, which is the art of combining the physical and immaterial elements in cities’ open spaces, is taken in this w…