Search results for "forest"
showing 10 items of 3780 documents
The (Evolving) vineyard’s age structure in the valencian community, Spain. A new demographic approach for rural development and landscape analysis
2019
Vineyards have assumed a key role as rural landmarks in recent decades. Investigating vineyard dynamics and contexts may reveal various economic, cultural, and environmental aspects of rural landscapes, which can be linked to land-use changes and major soil degradation processes, including soil erosion. As a contribution to rural landscape studies, the purpose of this work is to investigate the spatial distribution of vineyard plots in the Valencian community, located in the eastern area of the Iberian Peninsula, focusing on the final product, the type of vineyard and how long each vineyard has been settled over time. The work provides a comprehensive analysis of a wine-growing landscape, c…
Biological protection against grape berry moths. A review
2018
International audience; Grape is a major crop, covering 7.5 M ha worldwide, that is currently being confronted with three main challenges: intensive pesticide use that must be reduced, invasion by new pests/diseases, and climate change. The biological control of pests and vectors would help address these challenges. Here, we review the scientific literature on the biological control of grape moths by macroorganisms (excluding nematodes). Two components, biological control with an active human role, mainly using biocontrol agents through inundation or inoculation, and conservation biological control, are considered. The major points are the following. (1) Tortricid grape moths seriously dama…
Drought-induced positive feedback in xylophagous insects: Easier invasion of Scots pine leading to greater investment in immunity of emerging individ…
2012
Abstract We studied the infestation rate of Scots pine Pinus sylvestris by xylophagous insects in relation to distance from forest lakes in eastern Latvia, northern Europe. In summers of 2008 and 2009, we felled 72 pines of approximately 65 years age. Sections of the logs were incubated in insect emergence traps. The trees located near lakes were significantly less infested by xylophagous insects than those sampled at greater distances from the lakes. We also tested the ability of Tomicus piniperda , the most abundant species of xylophagous insects in our samples, to resist the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana . The results show that beetles captured near lakes were more susceptib…
Elaboración de modelos 3D de diferentes morfologías y escalas utilizando técnicas Structure-from-Motion y fotografías terrestres
2016
En este trabajo se evalúan los métodos de foto-reconstrucción automatizada basados en el uso conjunto de las técnicas Structure from Motion (SfM) y Multi-View Stereo (MVS) para medir, monitorizar y cuantificar la dinámica de tres formas geomorfológicas: i) el glaciar rocoso del Corral del Veleta (Granada, España), ii) un paisaje de cárcavas de tipo calanchi (Sicilia, Italia) y ii) cinco pequeñas cabeceras de cárcava (Cáceres, España). Se incluyen en este trabajo los resultados sobre la precisión, utilidad y aplicabilidad de estas técnicas. Para la cuantificación de la precisión se utilizan el error cuadrático medio (RMSE) de los puntos de control que se emplean en la georreferenciación y la…
Integrating soil survey, land use management and political ecology: A case study in a border area between Peru and Ecuador
2013
In Latin America countries, competition for access to natural resources among different groups has been a major reason for the outburst of violence over the last decades. One of the main aims of the political ecology concerns the understanding of the environmental conditions that can underlies the social conflict among people. Such understanding needs to be based on a detailed investigation of the natural resources of the landscape, mainly the soils. Few years ago the Italian Ministry for Foreign Affairs financed a soil survey with a humanitarian purpose: the development of a peace plan between Peru and Ecuador by improving the socio-economic conditions of the rural populations living in th…
Agrārpolitika: docenta Ed. Šīrona Latvijas Universitātē 1931/32. m. g. rudens semestrī lasīto lekciju konspekts
1932
Assessment of workflow feature selection on forest LAI prediction with sentinel-2A MSI, landsat 7 ETM+ and Landsat 8 OLI
2020
The European Space Agency (ESA)’s Sentinel-2A (S2A) mission is providing time series that allow the characterisation of dynamic vegetation, especially when combined with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)/United States Geological Survey (USGS) Landsat 7 (L7) and Landsat 8 (L8) missions. Hybrid retrieval workflows combining non-parametric Machine Learning Regression Algorithms (MLRAs) and vegetation Radiative Transfer Models (RTMs) were proposed as fast and accurate methods to infer biophysical parameters such as Leaf Area Index (LAI) from these data streams. However, the exact design of optimal retrieval workflows is rarely discussed. In this study, the impact of…
L’uso tradizionale del legno in Sicilia
2017
Fin dall’antichità, il legno è stato utilizzato per produrre oltre che energia, materiale per la costruzione di edifici e di oggeti che servivano per la vita quotidiana. Ma il legno è stato utilizzato anche come materia prima per la scultura e per i manufati artistici. Anche in Sicilia sono numerosi gli edifici storici (o parti di esso) in legno, mez - zi di trasporto (carri o navi), opere d’arte dipinte su legno, sculture religiose e strumenti musicali che sono arrivati ai giorni nostri e che dimostrano le abilità e la padronanza di tecniche nelle civiltà del passato. Indubbiamente il legno era nella cultura rurale una risorsa essenziale ed un capitale per l’economia dei piccoli laboratori…
The Protected Species of Lepidoptera in the Oak Forest "Dumbrava Sibiului", Romania
2011
This paper presents the results of research on Lepidoptera fauna of protected forest located Dumbrava Sibiu, near Sibiu city . The theme of the work is included in a study of forest biodiversity and Sibiu Lepidoptera "Dumbrava Sibiului" is part of a school project postdoctoral lasted several months in the forest.
 The first data on Lepidoptera fauna of the forest were reported by Daniel Czekelius collection and analysis covers a total of 45 species collected from the surrounding forest. An important contribution collections were then collected in the Transylvanian Saxons in 1009 and until around 1960 years and have made such an important contribution to knowledge of this group of insec…
Caratterizzazione mediante spettroscopia NMR in fase solida di foglie e lettiera di quattro essenze forestali
2008
La velocità di degradazione del materiale vegetale che arriva al suolo dipende dalle caratteristiche chimico-fisiche dei residui che ne influenzano l’appetibilità e, dunque, la facilità con cui i microrganismi li degradano. Molti studi hanno evidenziato come elevate percentuali di lignina e di composti polifenolici possano limitare l’attività dei microrganismi, in quanto poche specie microbiche hanno un apparato enzimatico completo per la degradazione dei suddetti polimeri. Obiettivo del presente lavoro è l’analisi, tramite spettroscopia NMR in fase solida (CPMAS 13C-NMR), della composizione molecolare delle foglie e della relativa lettiera di 4 essenze forestali: Eucaliptus occidentalis En…