Search results for "four"

showing 10 items of 1678 documents

Crystallized nano-sized alpha-tricalcium phosphate from amorphous calcium phosphate: microstructure, cementation and cell response

2015

New insight on the conversion of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) to nano-sized alpha tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) provides a faster pathway to calcium phosphate bone cements. In this work, synthesized ACP powders were treated with either water or ethanol, dried, crystallized between 700 and 800 °C, and then cooled at different cooling rates. Particle size was measured in a scanning electron microscope, but crystallite size calculated by Rietveld analysis. Phase composition and bonding in the crystallized powder was assessed by x-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Results showed that 50 nm sized α-TCP formed after crystallization of lyophilized powders. Water trea…

Calcium PhosphatesHot TemperatureMaterials scienceScanning electron microscopeBiomedical EngineeringMineralogyBioengineeringApatitelaw.inventionBiomaterialslawApatitesMaterials TestingSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredHumansAmorphous calcium phosphateParticle SizeCrystallizationCells CulturedRietveld refinementBone CementsMesenchymal Stem CellsMicrostructureChemical engineeringvisual_artMicroscopy Electron Scanningvisual_art.visual_art_mediumNanoparticlesParticle sizeCrystallitePowdersCrystallizationPowder DiffractionBiomedical Materials
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Drying enhances immunoactivity of spent brewer's yeast cell wall β-D-glucans.

2015

Due to immunological activity, microbial cell wall polysaccharides are defined as 'biological response modifiers' (BRM). Cell walls of spent brewer's yeast also have some BRM activity. However, up to date there is no consensus on the use of spent brewer's yeast D-glucan as specific BRM in humans or animals. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the potential of spent brewer's yeast β-D-glucans as BRM, and drying as an efficient pretreatment to increase β-D-glucan's immunogenic activity. Our results revealed that drying does not change spent brewer's yeast biomass carbohydrate content as well as the chemical structure of purified β-D-glucan. However, drying increased purified β-D-glucan TN…

Carbohydrate contentbeta-GlucansChemical structureBioengineeringSaccharomyces cerevisiaeBiologyPolysaccharideApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyCell wallchemistry.chemical_compoundCell WallSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredAnimalsDesiccationCells Culturedchemistry.chemical_classificationMice Inbred ICRExtraction (chemistry)Fungal PolysaccharidesGeneral MedicineYeastPleurancarbohydrates (lipids)stomatognathic diseaseschemistryBiochemistryYeast biomassMacrophages PeritonealBiotechnologyJournal of biotechnology
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Evaluation of nutritional parameters in infant formulas and powdered milk by Raman spectroscopy

2007

It has been made a critical evaluation of the application of near infrared Fourier transform-Raman spectroscopy for the simultaneous determination of the most important nutritional parameters such as energetic value, carbohydrate, protein and fat contents of infant formula and powdered milk samples based on the use of partial least squares (PLS) regression analysis. A highly heterogeneous population of 23 samples, covering a wide range of infant food formula and powdered milk, were obtained from the Spanish market. Raman spectra, obtained by excitation with a Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm, show no disturbing fluorescence effects; therefore sample spectra can be recorded without any previous prepa…

CarbohydratesFluorescence spectrometryAnalytical chemistrySample (statistics)Spectrum Analysis RamanBiochemistryFourier transform spectroscopyAnalytical ChemistryFatsSet (abstract data type)Partial least squares regressionCalibrationAnimalsHumansEnvironmental ChemistrySpectroscopyChemistryInfant NewbornInfantProteinsReplicateInfant FormulaMilkInfant formulaFoodCalibrationFood AnalysisAnalytica Chimica Acta
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Complete 1H and 13C NMR assignments of clerodane diterpenoids of Salvia splendens.

2006

Unambiguous and complete assignments of 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts for five clerodane diterpenes, four of them isolated from Salvia splendens (salviarin, splendidin and splenolides A and B) and one obtained by acetylation of splenolide A, are presented. The assignments are based on 2D shift-correlated [1H,1H–COSY, 1H,13C-gHSQC–1J(C,H) and 1H,13C-gHMBC-nJ(C,H) (n = 2 and 3)] and nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) experiments. The conformation of the rings of these compounds is supported by the 3J(H,H) values and NOE results. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Carbon IsotopesMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopybiologyStereochemistryChemistryChemical shiftAcetylationGeneral ChemistryNuclear Overhauser effectCarbon-13 NMRSalviabiology.organism_classificationDiterpenes ClerodaneUnambiguous and complete assignments of 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts for five clerodane diterpenes four of them isolated from Salvia splendens (salviarin splendidin and splenolides A and B) and one obtained by acetylation of splenolide A are presented. The assignments are based on 2D shiftcorrelated [1H1H–COSY 1H13C-gHSQC–1J(CH) and 1H13C-gHMBC-nJ(CH) (n = 2 and 3)] and nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) experiments. The conformation of the rings of these compounds is supported by the 3J(HH) values and NOE results. Copyright  2006 John Wiley & Sons LtdClerodane DiterpenesProton NMRGeneral Materials ScienceSalviaHydrogenMagnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC
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Influence of krypton atoms on the structure of amorphous hydrogenated carbon deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition

2010

Hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) films were prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition using methane (CH4 ) plus krypton (Kr) mixed atmosphere. The depositions were performed as function of the bias voltage and krypton partial pressure. The goal of this work was to study the influence of krypton gas on the physical properties of a-C:H films deposited on the cathode electrode. Krypton concentration up to 1.6 at. %, determined by Rutherford Back-Scattering, was obtained at high Kr partial pressure and bias of -120 V. The structure of the films was analyzed by means of optical transmission spectroscopy, multi-wavelength Raman scattering and Fourier Transform Infrared spectrosco…

CarbóEspectroscòpia infraroja de transformada de FourierCiència dels materialsEspectroscòpia Raman
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Ability of short-time Fourier transform method to detect transient changes in vagal effects on hearts: a pharmacological blocking study.

2006

Conventional spectral analyses of heart rate variability (HRV) have been limited to stationary signals and have not allowed the obtainment of information during transient autonomic cardiac responses. In the present study, we evaluated the ability of the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) method to detect transient changes in vagal effects on the heart. We derived high-frequency power (HFP, 0.20–0.40 Hz) as a function of time during active orthostatic task (AOT) from the sitting to standing posture before and after selective vagal (atropine sulfate 0.04 mg/kg) and sympathetic (metoprolol 0.20 mg/kg) blockades. The HFP minimum point during the first 30 s after standing up was calculated and…

Cardiac responseAdultAtropineMalemedicine.medical_specialtySympathetic Nervous SystemPhysiologyAdrenergic beta-AntagonistsPostureBlood PressureMuscarinic AntagonistsDizzinessOrthostatic vital signsPhysiology (medical)Internal medicinemedicineHeart rate variabilityHumansFourier AnalysisChemistryBlocking (radio)Short-time Fourier transformHeartVagus NerveAutonomic AgentsTime–frequency analysisSurgeryAutonomic nervous systemCardiologyTransient (oscillation)Cardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineMetoprololAmerican journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology
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Fourier series for elliptic integrals and some generalizations via hypergeometric series

2008

Fourier series are derived for generalizations of the three canonical Legendre incomplete elliptic integrals using a hypergeometric series approach. The Fourier series for the incomplete Epstein–Hubbell integrals are obtained as special cases of the generalization of the Legendre integrals of the first and second kinds. The Fourier series for the integrals of the first and second kinds, and those for the Epstein–Hubbell integrals, were obtained recently using a different approach, but the series obtained for the generalization of the incomplete integral of the third kind is new. All cases of the integral of the third kind are given, with the modulus and the parameter being complex variables…

Carlson symmetric formBasic hypergeometric seriesPure mathematicsLegendre formAppell seriesBilateral hypergeometric seriesApplied MathematicsMathematical analysisConjugate Fourier seriesGeneralized hypergeometric functionFourier seriesAnalysisMathematicsIntegral Transforms and Special Functions
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INTEGRAL SOLUTIONS TO A CLASS OF NONLOCAL EVOLUTION EQUATIONS

2010

We study the existence of integral solutions to a class of nonlinear evolution equations of the form [Formula: see text] where A : D(A) ⊆ X → 2X is an m-accretive operator on a Banach space X, and f : [0, T] × X → X and [Formula: see text] are given functions. We obtain sufficient conditions for this problem to have a unique integral solution.

Cauchy problemClass (set theory)Pure mathematicsApplied MathematicsGeneral MathematicsOperator (physics)Mathematical analysisBanach spaceIntegral solutionFixed pointNonlinear evolutionFourier integral operatorMathematicsCommunications in Contemporary Mathematics
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Inulin-Ethylenediamine Coated SPIONs Magnetoplexes: A Promising Tool for Improving siRNA Delivery.

2015

An inulin based polycation (Inu-EDA) has been synthesized by the grafting of ethylenediamine molecules onto inulin backbone. The obtained inulin copolymer has been though to coat SPIONs (IC-SPIONs) and obtain stable magnetoplexes by complexation of IC-SPIONs with a model duplexed siRNA, for improving oligonucleotide transfection efficiency.The physical-chemical characteristics of IC-SPIONs and IC-SPIONs/siRNA magnetoplexes have been investigated by scanning and transmission electron microscopies, dynamic light scattering, FT-IR and qualitative surface elementary analysis. Cell compatibility and internalization in vitro of IC-SPIONs have been evaluated by MTS and fluorescence microscopy resp…

Cell SurvivalSurface PropertiesDrug CompoundingInulinPharmaceutical ScienceTransfectionpolycationchemistry.chemical_compoundDynamic light scatteringMicroscopy Electron TransmissionSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredFluorescence microscopeHumansPharmacology (medical)Particle SizeRNA Small InterferingMagnetite NanoparticlesPharmacologyDrug CarriersChemistryOligonucleotideOrganic ChemistryInulinTransfectionEthylenediaminesHCT116 CellsIn vitroFerrosoferric OxideSPIONsTargeted drug deliveryBiochemistryCell cultureinulin; magnetoplexes; polycation; siRNA; SPIONssiRNABiophysicsMicroscopy Electron ScanningMolecular Medicineinulin magnetoplexes polycation siRNA SPIONsBiotechnologymagnetoplexesPharmaceutical research
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MTA HP Repair stimulates in vitro an homogeneous calcium phosphate phase coating deposition

2019

Background To study the mineralization capacity in vitro of the bioceramic endodontic material MTA HP Repair. Material and methods Bioactivity evaluation in vitro was carried out, by soaking processed cement disk in simulated body fluid (SBF) during 168 h. The cement surface was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). Release to the SBF media of ionic degradation products was monitored using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Results FT-IR showed increasing formation of phosphate phase bands at 1097, 960, 607 and 570 cm-1 with prolonged SB…

CementMaterials scienceScanning electron microscopeResearchSimulated body fluid030206 dentistry02 engineering and technologyBioceramic:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPhosphateOperative Dentistry and Endodontics03 medical and health sciencesSurface coatingchemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicinechemistryInductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopyUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASFourier transform infrared spectroscopy0210 nano-technologyGeneral DentistryNuclear chemistryJournal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry
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