Search results for "fragmentation"
showing 10 items of 798 documents
Protection of Flupirtine on β-Amyloid-Induced Apoptosis in Neuronal Cells In Vitro: Prevention of Amyloid-Induced Glutathione Depletion
2002
Effective drugs are not available to protect against beta-amyloid peptide (A beta)-induced neurotoxicity. Cortical neurons from rat embryos were treated with the toxic fragment A beta25-35 at 1 microM in the presence or absence of flupirtine, a triaminopyridine, successfully applied clinically as a nonopiate analgesic drug. Five days later 1 microM A beta25-35 caused reduction of cell viability to 31.1%. Preincubation of cells with flupirtine (1 or 5 microg/ml) resulted in a significant increase of the percentage of viable cells (74.6 and 65.4%, respectively). During incubation with A beta25-35 the neurons undergo apoptosis as determined by appearance of the characteristic stepladder-like D…
Laser fragmentation of pancreatic duct stones using a rhodamine laser with an automatic stone-tissue detection system. Basic in-vitro studies
1997
OBJECTIVES The aim of our study was to examine the suitability of a rhodamine 6G laser with an integrated stone-tissue detection system (STDS) for fragmenting pancreatic stones. METHODS A total of 64 pancreatic duct stones were measured for weight, diameter, main chemical components and in some cases for their computerized tomography density. Recognition of all stones was checked with the standard STDS or a prototype version. Number of fragmentation pulses, total fragmentation energies and correlation with the individual stone parameters were determined. The quality of the tissue-detection mode was evaluated in postmortem pancreata. RESULTS The standard STDS detected only 45% of the pancrea…
2005
Ethanol inhibits proliferation in astrocytes, an effect that was recently linked to the suppression of phosphatidic acid (PA) formation by phospholipase D (PLD). The present study investigates ethanol's effect on the induction of apoptosis in astrocytes and the formation of ceramide, an apoptotic signal. Evidence is presented that the formation of PA and ceramide may be reciprocally linked during ethanol exposure. In cultured rat cortical astrocytes, ethanol (0.3–1 %, v/v) induced nuclear fragmentation and DNA laddering indicative of apoptosis. Concomitantly, in cells prelabeled with [3H]-serine, ethanol caused a dose-dependent, biphasic increase of the [3H]-ceramide/ [3H]-sphingomyelin rat…
Musicologie historique, ethnomusicologie, analyse: une musicologie générale est-elle possible?
2010
The subject this article is about dates back to a long teaching experience in Montreal. I taught in a so called "research" seminar, similar to what is called, in German and English speaking countries a Proseminar, where I ask students of the master and doctorate in musicology, to read all or part of the great compositions that have marked the development of our discipline in each of its major sectors: the history of music, musical analysis, ethnomusicology, the study of pop music, sociology, cognitive psychology and the aesthetics of music. I never deal the acoustic music in an incompetent way. However, I have found over the years perplexity in students due to the disciplinary diversity, Th…
Charged jet cross section and fragmentation in proton-proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV
2019
We report the differential charged jet cross section and jet fragmentation distributions measured with the ALICE detector in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy √ s = 7 TeV . Jets with pseudorapidity | η | 40 GeV / c , the pythia calculations also agree with the measured charged jet cross section. pythia6 simulations describe the fragmentation distributions to 15%. Larger discrepancies are observed for pythia8. peerReviewed
Measurement of the jet fragmentation function and transverse profile in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV with the ATLAS d…
2011
The jet fragmentation function and transverse profile for jets with 25 GeV<pT jet<500 GeV and |ηjet|<1.2 produced in proton–proton collisions with a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV are presented. The measurement is performed using data with an integrated luminosity of 36 pb−1. Jets are reconstructed and their momentum measured using calorimetric information. The momenta of the charged particle constituents are measured using the tracking system. The distributions corrected for detector effects are compared with various Monte Carlo event generators and generator tunes. Several of these choices show good agreement with the measured fragmentation function. None of these choices reproduce both t…
Measurement of the inclusive jet cross-section in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=2.76\ \mbox{TeV}$ and comparison to the inclusive jet cross-section at $…
2013
The inclusive jet cross-section has been measured in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s)=2.76 TeV in a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.20pb-1 collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider in 2011. Jets are identified using the anti-kt algorithm with two radius parameters of 0.4 and 0.6. The inclusive jet double-differential cross-section is presented as a function of the jet transverse momentum pT and jet rapidity y, covering a range of 20 <= pT < 430 GeV and |y| < 4.4. The ratio of the cross-section to the inclusive jet cross-section measurement at sqrt(s)=7 TeV, published by the ATLAS Collaboration, is calculated as a function of both trans…
Averages of $b$-hadron, $c$-hadron, and $\tau$-lepton properties as of summer 2016
2017
This article reports world averages of measurements of $b$-hadron, $c$-hadron, and $\tau$-lepton properties obtained by the Heavy Flavor Averaging Group using results available through summer 2016. For the averaging, common input parameters used in the various analyses are adjusted (rescaled) to common values, and known correlations are taken into account. The averages include branching fractions, lifetimes, neutral meson mixing parameters, \CP~violation parameters, parameters of semileptonic decays and CKM matrix elements.
Charm-quark fragmentation fractions and production cross section at midrapidity in pp collisions at the LHC
2022
Physical review / D 105(1), L011103 (2022). doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.105.L011103
Exponential and power-law mass distributions in brittle fragmentation
2004
Generic arguments, a minimal numerical model, and fragmentation experiments with gypsum disk are used to investigate the fragment-size distribution that results from dynamic brittle fragmentation. Fragmentation is initiated by random nucleation of cracks due to material inhomogeneities, and its dynamics are pictured as a process of propagating cracks that are unstable against side-branch formation. The initial cracks and side branches both merge mutually to form fragments. The side branches have a finite penetration depth as a result of inherent damping. Generic arguments imply that close to the minimum strain (or impact energy) required for fragmentation, the number of fragments of size $s…