Search results for "functional"

showing 10 items of 4822 documents

Invasive and native populations of common ragweed exhibit strong tolerance to foliar damage.

2013

8 pages; International audience; Tolerance and resistance are defence strategies evolved by plants to cope with damage due to herbivores. The introduction of exotic species to a new biogeographical range may alter the plant herbivore interactions and induce selection pressures for new plant defence strategies with a modified resource allocation. To detect evolution in tolerance to herbivory in common ragweed, we compared 3 native (North America) and 3 introduced (France) populations, grown in a common garden environment. We explored the effect of leaf herbivory on plant vegetative and reproductive traits. Plants were defoliated by hand, simulating different degrees of insect grazing by remo…

RagweedHerbivore[ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologybiologyResistance (ecology)fungiBiological pest controlfood and beveragesIntroduced speciesbiology.organism_classificationInvasive speciesAgronomyDefoliationShootFitness[ SDV.EE.IEO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/SymbiosisCompensatory growth[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologySimulated herbivoryEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsAmbrosia artemisiifoliaFunctional traits[SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/SymbiosisAmbrosia artemisiifolia
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Evolutionary Spectrum for Random Field and Missing Observations

2012

There are innumerable situations where the data observed from a non-stationary random field are collected with missing values. In this work a consistent estimate of the evolutionary spectral density is given where some observations are randomly missing.

Random fieldSpectrum (functional analysis)StatisticsSpectral densityPeriodogramStatistical physicsMissing dataMathematics
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Resolvent Estimates Near the Boundary of the Range of the Symbol

2019

The purpose of this chapter is to give quite explicit bounds on the resolvent near the boundary of Σ(p) (or more generally, near certain “generic boundary-like” points.) The result is due (up to a small generalization) to Montrieux (Estimation de resolvante et construction de quasimode pres du bord du pseudospectre, 2013) and improves earlier results by Martinet (Sur les proprietes spectrales d’operateurs nonautoadjoints provenant de la mecanique des fluides, 2009) about upper and lower bounds for the norm of the resolvent of the complex Airy operator, which has empty spectrum (Almog, SIAM J Math Anal 40:824–850, 2008). There are more results about upper bounds, and some of them will be rec…

Range (mathematics)Pure mathematicsOperator (computer programming)Dimension (vector space)GeneralizationSpectrum (functional analysis)Boundary (topology)Upper and lower boundsResolventMathematics
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Electronic spectra of tetrathiafulvalene and its radical cation: analysis of the performance of the time-dependent DFT approach

2002

Abstract The electronic spectra of tetrathiafulvalene and its radical cation have been studied within the framework of the time-dependent density functional theory by using a conventional hybrid functional. The behaviour of the method has been analyzed through the computed vertical excitation energies for the low-lying electronic excited states. Although the procedure provides a correct description of many of the features of the spectra, deviations in the range 0.4–0.7 eV have been obtained for several transitions, from which one can conclude misleading assignments.

Range (particle radiation)General Physics and AstronomyMolecular physicsSpectral lineHybrid functionalchemistry.chemical_compoundRadical ionchemistryComputational chemistryExcited stateDensity functional theoryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryTetrathiafulvaleneExcitationChemical Physics Letters
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Magnetic order in UCu4+xAl8−x

1992

Abstract A neutron diffraction study has been performed on UCu4+xAl8−x. The compound was chosen as an example of a uranium-based system, which goes from a magnetically ordered state to a pure heavy-fermion state. In the range x = 0.25–1, UCu4+xAl8−x orders in a simple collinear antiferromagnetic structure. With increasing concentration of Cu, the ordering temperature decreases and moment compensation develops due to the increasing hybridization of the 5f electrons.

Range (particle radiation)Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsMagnetic orderNeutron diffractionchemistry.chemical_elementElectronState (functional analysis)UraniumCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialschemistryMoment (physics)Antiferromagnetism
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Adsorption of atomic and molecular oxygen on the SrTiO3(001) surfaces: Computer simulations by means of hybrid density functional calculations and ab…

2005

AbstractAb initio calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) have been used to study the energetics, fully relaxed structure, charge redistribution, and electronic density of states of adsorbed atomic and molecular oxygen on defectless unreconstructed SrO- and TiO2-terminated SrTiO3(001) surfaces. Exchange-correlation functional applied within DFT contains a “hybrid” of the non-local Hartree–Fock exchange, DFT exchange, and generalized gradient approximation correlation functionals. The calculations are performed on periodically repeated systems (two-dimensional slabs) large enough for the adsorbed species to be treated as isolated. We find substantial binding energies of up to 1…

Range (particle radiation)chemistry.chemical_compoundAdsorptionMaterials sciencechemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsBinding energyAb initioOxideThermodynamicsDensity functional theoryPartial pressureMRS Proceedings
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Chiral Inversion of Thiolate-Protected Gold Nanoclusters via Core Reconstruction without Breaking an Au-S Bond

2019

On the basis of density functional theory computations of the well-known chiral Au38(SR)24 nanocluster and its Pd- and Ag-doped derivatives, we propose here a mechanism for chiral inversion that does not require the breaking of a metal-sulfur bond at the metal-ligand interface but features a collective rotation of the gold core. The calculated energy barriers for this mechanism for Au38 and Pd-doped Au38 are in the range of 1-1.5 eV, significantly lower than barriers involving the breakage of Au-S bonds (2.5 eV). For Ag-doped Au38, barriers for both mechanisms are similar (1.3-1.5 eV). Inversion barriers for a larger chiral Au144(SR)60 are much higher (2.5-2.8 eV). Our computed barriers are…

Range (particle radiation)ta114ChemistryDopingchiral inversionnanoclustersGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryInversion (discrete mathematics)CatalysisArticle0104 chemical sciencesNanoclustersMetalColloid and Surface ChemistryEnantiopure drugChemical physicsvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumDensity functional theorynanohiukkasetRacemizationJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Low-Rank Tucker-2 Model for Multi-Subject fMRI Data Decomposition with Spatial Sparsity Constraint

2022

Tucker decomposition can provide an intuitive summary to understand brain function by decomposing multi-subject fMRI data into a core tensor and multiple factor matrices, and was mostly used to extract functional connectivity patterns across time/subjects using orthogonality constraints. However, these algorithms are unsuitable for extracting common spatial and temporal patterns across subjects due to distinct characteristics such as high-level noise. Motivated by a successful application of Tucker decomposition to image denoising and the intrinsic sparsity of spatial activations in fMRI, we propose a low-rank Tucker-2 model with spatial sparsity constraint to analyze multi-subject fMRI dat…

Rank (linear algebra)Computer scienceMatrix normlow-rankmatrix decompositionsymbols.namesaketoiminnallinen magneettikuvausOrthogonalitytensorsTensor (intrinsic definition)Kronecker deltaTucker decompositionHumansElectrical and Electronic Engineeringcore tensorsparsity constraintRadiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industrysignaalinkäsittelyfeature extractionsparse matricesBrainPattern recognitionbrain modelingMagnetic Resonance Imagingfunctional magnetic resonance imagingComputer Science ApplicationsConstraint (information theory)data modelssymbolsNoise (video)Artificial intelligencebusinessmulti-subject fMRI dataSoftwareAlgorithmsTucker decomposition
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Electronic Spectroscopy of C2 in Solid Rare Gas Matrixes

2006

Electronic spectroscopy of the C(2) molecule is investigated in Ar, Kr, and Xe matrixes in the 150-500 nm range. In the Ar matrix, the D ((1)Sigma(u)(+)) <-- ((1)Sigma(g)(+)) Mulliken band near 240 nm is the sole absorption in the UV range, whereas in the Kr matrix additional bands in the 188-209 nm range are assigned to the Kr(n)()(+)C(2)(-) <-- Kr(n)()C(2) charge-transfer absorptions. Because of the formation of a bound C(2)Xe species, the spectral observations in the Xe matrix differ dramatically from the lighter rare gases: the Mulliken band is absent and new bands appear near 300 and 423 nm. The latter is assigned to the forbidden B'((1)Sigma(g)(+)) <-- X ((1)Sigma(g)(+)) transition, b…

Rare gasMatrix (mathematics)ChemistryAnalytical chemistrySigmaMoleculeFunctional studiesElectronic structurePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAbsorption (chemistry)Atomic physicsElectron spectroscopyThe Journal of Physical Chemistry A
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Equilibrium, Kinetic and Structural Properties of Gallium(III) and Some Divalent Metal Complexes Formed with the New DATAm and DATA5m Ligands

2017

The development of 68Ge/68Ga generators has made the positron-emitting 68Ga isotope widely accessible and raised interest in new chelate complexes of Ga3+. The hexadentate 1,4-di(acetate)-6-methyl[amino(methyl)acetate]perhydro-1,4-diazepane (DATAm) ligand and its bifunctional analogue, 1,4-di(acetate)-6-pentanoic acid[amino(methyl)acetate]perhydro-1,4-diazepane (DATA5m), rapidly form complexes with 68Ga in high radiochemical yield. The stability constants of DATAm and DATA5m complexes formed with Ga3+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Mn2+ and Ca2+ have been determined by using pH potentiometry, spectrophotometry (Cu2+) and 1H and 71Ga NMR spectroscopy (Ga3+). The stability constants of Ga(DATAm) and Ga(DATA5m)…

Reaction mechanism010405 organic chemistryLigandOrganic ChemistryInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMedicinal chemistryCatalysisDissociation (chemistry)0104 chemical scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundTransmetalationchemistryTermészettudományokChelationGalliumBifunctionalKémiai tudományok
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