Search results for "functional"

showing 10 items of 4822 documents

Coupling of Action-Perception Brain Networks during Musical Pulse Processing: Evidence from Region-of-Interest-Based Independent Component Analysis

2017

Our sense of rhythm relies on orchestrated activity of several cerebral and cerebellar structures. Although functional connectivity studies have advanced our understanding of rhythm perception, this phenomenon has not been sufficiently studied as a function of musical training and beyond the General Linear Model (GLM) approach. Here, we studied pulse clarity processing during naturalistic music listening using a data-driven approach (independent component analysis; ICA). Participants’ (18 musicians and 18 controls) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) responses were acquired while listening to music. A targeted region of interest (ROI) related to pulse clarity processing was defined…

Speech recognitionMusiciansRhythm perceptionBehavioral Neuroscience0302 clinical medicinemedia_commonOriginal ResearchmuusikotFunctional integration (neurobiology)medicine.diagnostic_test05 social sciencesmusicianscerebral structurePulse (music)Psychiatry and Mental healthNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyNeurologyforecaststa6131Psychologyaivotcerebellar structureärsykkeetmedia_common.quotation_subjectbrainAuditory areamusiikkinaturalisticta3112rhythmbehavioral disciplines and activities050105 experimental psychologylcsh:RC321-57103 medical and health sciencesRhythmRegion of interestPerceptionmedicine0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesmusicstimuli (role related to effect)lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryBiological Psychiatryfunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)ennusteetIndependent Component Analysis (ICA)predictionIndependent component analysisrytmirhythm perceptionFunctional magnetic resonance imagingindependent component analysis (ICA)030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroscienceFrontiers in Human Neuroscience
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Certain doping concentrations caused half-metallic graphene

2017

This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21173096).

Spin polarizationMaterials scienceChemistry(all)02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceslaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceHalf-metallawCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityPhysics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]Spin (physics)DopantCondensed matter physicsSpin polarizationGrapheneDopingGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsDensity functional theoryHalf-metalDopant concentrationGraphene0210 nano-technologyGraphene nanoribbonsJournal of Saudi Chemical Society
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Spin forbidden chemical reactions of transition metal compounds. New ideas and new computational challenges.

2003

International audience; Many reactions of transition metal compounds involve a change in spin. These reactions may proceed faster, slower—or at the same rate as—otherwise equivalent processes in which spin is conserved. For example, ligand substitution in [CpMo(Cl)2(PR3)2] is faster than expected, whereas addition of dinitrogen to [Cp*Mo(Cl)(PMe3)2] is slow. Spin-forbidden oxidative addition of ethylene to [Cp*Ir(PMe3)] occurs competitively with ligand association. To explain these observations, we discuss the shape of the different potential energy surfaces (PESs) involved, and the energy of the minimum energy crossing points (MECPs) between them. This computational approach is of great he…

Spin states010405 organic chemistryChemistry02 engineering and technologyGeneral MedicineGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesChemical reactionPotential energyOxidative addition0104 chemical sciencesHybrid functional[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryTransition metalChemical physics[CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistryDensity functional theory0210 nano-technologySpin-½Chemical Society reviews
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A Computational Study of Two-State Conformational Changes in 16-Electron [CpW(NO)(L)] Complexes (L=PH3, CO, CH2, HCCH, H2CCH2)

1999

International audience; High-spin and low-spin [CpW(NO) (L)] complexes are calculated to be remarkably close in energy. Several critical conformational changes in the singlet compounds are predicted to proceed more readily by spin crossover to the triplet hypersurface. The relationships between spin state, π bonding, ligand orientation, and geometry at W are explored.

Spin statesChemistryLigandOrganic ChemistryGeneral ChemistryState (functional analysis)ElectronSpin crossoverCatalysisTungstenLigand effects[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryCrystallographyDensity functional calculationsHypersurfaceSpin crossoverComputational chemistryPi interactionsPi interactionCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons[CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistrySinglet state
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Order-disorder-and order-order-transitions in AB and ABC block copolymers: description by a simple model

1996

Based on the description of AB-block copolymers as micellar structures given by Semenov, the phase diagram of AB-diblock copolymers is calculated taking the homogeneously mixed system as a reference state. The predicted value (χN)c = 10.385 for a symmetric AB-diblock copolymer compares very well to the result of the original Random Phase Approximation theory (10.495). The simplicity of the model allows its extension to predict order-order transitions in ABC-triblock copolymers.

SpinodalMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsValue (computer science)ThermodynamicsGeneral ChemistryState (functional analysis)Condensed Matter PhysicsSimple (abstract algebra)Materials ChemistryCopolymerOrder (group theory)Random phase approximationPhase diagramPolymer Bulletin
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Large Conductance Switching in a Single-Molecule Device through Room Temperature Spin-Dependent Transport

2016

Controlling the spin of electrons in nanoscale electronic devices is one of the most promising topics aiming at developing devices with rapid and high density information storage capabilities. The interface magnetism or spinterface resulting from the interaction between a magnetic molecule and a metal surface, or vice versa, has become a key ingredient in creating nanoscale molecular devices with novel functionalities. Here, we present a single-molecule wire that displays large (>10000%) conductance switching by controlling the spin-dependent transport under ambient conditions (room temperature in a liquid cell). The molecular wire is built by trapping individual spin crossover Fe-II comple…

SpinterfaceMagnetoresistanceMagnetismIronBioengineering02 engineering and technologyLigands010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMolecular wireSpin-crossover complexesSpin crossoverNanotechnologyGeneral Materials ScienceDensity functionalsSpin orbit couplingSTM break-junctionCondensed matter physicsNanotecnologiaMagnetoresistanceChemistryMechanical EngineeringTeoria del funcional de densitatConductanceGeneral ChemistrySpin–orbit interaction021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics0104 chemical sciencesDensity functional calculationsLligandsSingle-molecule junctionsFerromagnetismChemical physicsElectrode0210 nano-technologyFerroNano Letters
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Dicopper(II) metallacyclophanes with photoswitchable oligoacene spacers: a joint experimental and computational study on molecular magnetic photoswit…

2018

Dinuclear copper(II) complexes of the metallacyclophane-type, (nBu4N)4[Cu2(2,6-anba)2] (1) and (nBu4N)4[Cu2(1,5-naba)2]·4H2O (2) with photoactive 2,6-anthracene-(2,6-anba) and 1,5-naphthalenebis(oxamate) (1,5-naba) bridging ligands, are reported. They undergo a thermally reversible, solid-state photomagnetic (ON/OFF) switching between the moderately strong antiferromagnetically coupled dicopper(II) species and the corresponding magnetically uncoupled [4+4] photocycloaddition product. Density functional calculations give further insights on the intramolecular (“pseudo-bimolecular”) photocycloaddition reaction of the two facing 2,6-anthracene or 1,5-naphthalene spacers in this novel family of…

Spintronics010405 organic chemistryChemistryIntermetallicchemistry.chemical_elementOligoacenes010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCopper0104 chemical sciencesIonPhotochemical reactivityCrystallographyDensity functional calculationsIntramolecular forceMagnetic propertiesMaterials ChemistryAntiferromagnetismPhotochemical reactivityPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCopper
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Determinants of dynamic inspiratory muscle strength in healthy trained elderly.

2021

Background: The S-Index assessed by means of electronic devices is a measure of Inspiratory Muscle Strength (IMS) that highly correlates with the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP). The variables involved when using regression models for the prediction of IMS/MIP depend on both the sample characteristics and the device or protocol used. In light of the scarce information on the influence of physical activity (PA) on IMS in healthy older adults (OA), together with the incorporation of new assessment devices, the objectives of this research are: 1) to determine which factors influence the IMS in a group of trained OA, using a portable electronic device; and 2) to propose a regression model to…

SpirometryMalemedicine.medical_specialtyHealth StatusPhysical fitnessPopulationPhysical activity030209 endocrinology & metabolism030204 cardiovascular system & hematologypredictive equationsinspiratory muscle strength03 medical and health sciencesWearable Electronic Devices0302 clinical medicinePhysical medicine and rehabilitationMedicineHumansLung volumesnormal valuesMuscle Strengtheducationrespiratory trainingExerciseAgedAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryCardiorespiratory fitnessInspiratory muscleRegression analysisGeneral Medicineclinical assessmentRespiratory MusclesRespiratory Function TestsCardiorespiratory FitnessSpainBody CompositionFemalefunctional assessmentbusinessPostgraduate medicine
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3 He-MRI-based vs. conventional determination of lung volumes in patients after unilateral lung transplantation: a new approach to regional spirometry

2002

Background: To use 3Helium (3He)-MRI in patients with unilateral lung grafts to assess the contributions of graft and native lung to total ventilated lung volume, and second to compare conventional measurements of intrapulmonary gas volume (spirometry, body plethysmography) with image-based volumetry of ventilated lung parenchyma visualized by hyperpolarized 3He-MRI. Methods: With Ethics Committee approval, five patients with single lung transplantation (SLTX) for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) underwent both conventional pulmonary function testing (PFT) and 3He-MRI of the lung. Intrapulmonary gas volume (GV) during the inspiratory breathhold for 3He-MRI was calculated from measured fu…

Spirometrymedicine.medical_specialtyLungmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentGeneral Medicinerespiratory systemmedicine.diseaserespiratory tract diseasesPulmonary function testingTransplantationIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosisAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineFunctional residual capacitymedicine.anatomical_structuremedicineLung transplantationLung volumesRadiologybusinessActa Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Funktionelle Bildgebung der Lunge mit gasförmigem Kontrastmittel: ³Helium-Magnetresonanztomographie

2005

Current imaging methods of the lung concentrate on morphology as well as on the depiction of the pulmonary parenchyma. The need of an advanced and more subtle imaging technology compared to conventional radiography is met by computed topography as the method of choice. Nevertheless, computed tomography yields very limited functional information. This is to be derived from arterial blood gas analysis, spirometry and body plethysmography. These methods, however, lack the scope for regional allocation of any pathology. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lung has been advanced by the use of hyperpolarised (3)Helium as an inhaled gaseous contrast agent. The inhalation of the gas provides function…

Spirometrymedicine.medical_specialtyMaterials sciencemedicine.diagnostic_testRelaxation (NMR)Magnetic resonance imagingFunctional imagingNuclear magnetic resonanceTemporal resolutionmedicineImaging technologyRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRadiologyPreclinical imagingDiffusion MRIRöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren
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