Search results for "fusion"
showing 10 items of 4513 documents
The Long-Term Effect of Sevoflurane on Neuronal Cell Damage and Expression of Apoptotic Factors After Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion in Rats
2006
We investigated the long-term effects of sevoflurane on histopathologic injury and key proteins of apoptosis in a rat hemispheric ischemia/reperfusion model. Sixty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to Group 1 (fentanyl and N2O/O2; control) and Group 2 (2.0 vol% sevoflurane and O2/air). Ischemia (45 min) was produced by unilateral common carotid artery occlusion plus hemorrhagic hypotension (mean arterial blood pressure 40 mm Hg). Animals were killed after 1, 3, 7, and 28 days. In hematoxylin and eosin-stained brain sections eosinophilic hippocampal neurons were counted. Activated caspase-3 and the apoptosis-regulating proteins Bax, Bcl-2, Mdm-2, and p53 were analyzed by i…
Dynamic in vivo Imaging of Microvasculature and Perfusion by Miniaturized Confocal Laser Microscopy
2008
<i>Introduction:</i> Microvasculature and associated pathologies mandate dynamic imaging. We evaluated a novel miniaturized confocal laser scanning probe for in vivo visualization of blood vessels, blood flow, cell tracking and perfusion in both healthy rodents and disease models.<i> Methods:</i> The hand-held confocal microscopy system allowed a 500- to 2,400-fold magnification at a dynamically variable imaging depth. Different intravital stains were used alone or in combination for tissue, nuclear, plasma and vascular endothelial cell staining and for blood flow visualization, and targeted staining for individual cell populations. <i>Results:</i> Precis…
Genomic response of the rat brain to global ischemia and reperfusion
2008
To identify genes that are involved in ischemia response of the brain, we have evaluated changes of gene expression in rat cerebrum after 15 min complete global ischemia, followed by reperfusion for 1 h, 6 h or 24 h. The expression profiles of approximately 30,000 transcripts from three subjects in each group (including sham-operated controls) were monitored employing oligonucleotide microarrays. About 20,000 transcripts were detectable in rat brains. The levels of 576 transcripts (approximately 2.9%) were significantly altered in response to experimental ischemia. 419 transcripts were up- and 157 downregulated; 39 transcripts changed after 1 h reperfusion, 174 after 6 h and 462 after 24 h.…
Induction of brain CYP2E1 changes the effects of ethanol on dopamine release in nucleus accumbens shell.
2009
CYP2E1 is an important enzyme involved in the brain metabolism of ethanol that can be induced by chronic consumption of alcohol. Recent works have highlighted the importance of this system in the context of the behavioural effects of ethanol. Unfortunately, the underlying neurochemical events for these behavioural changes, has not been yet explored. In this work, we have started this exploration by analyzing the possible changes in the neurochemical response of the mesolimbic system to ethanol after pharmacological induction of brain CYP2E1. We have used the dopamine extracellular levels in nucleus accumbens (NAc) core and shell, measured by means of microdialysis in vivo, as an index of th…
Aspirin protects striatal dopaminergic neurons from neurotoxin-induced degeneration: an in vivo microdialysis study.
2006
The effect of aspirin on dopaminergic neuronal damage induced by in vivo infusion of 1-methyl-4-phenylpiridinium iodide (MPP(+)) and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was studied in rats, using microdialysis. Rat striata were perfused with 1 mM MPP(+) or 6-OHDA for 10 min, causing peak levels of dopamine (DA) in the dialytic fluid, after 40 min. After 24 h, 1 mM MPP(+) was perfused again for 10 min and DA levels measured in the dialytic fluid, as an index of neuronal cell integrity. Pretreatment with Aspidol (lysine acetylsalicylate), 180 mg/kg i.p., 1 h before MPP(+) or 6-OHDA perfusion, did not modify DA extracellular output, on day 1, but restored MPP(+)-induced DA release on day 2, indicating …
Analysis of ceftriaxone and ceftazidime distribution in cerebrospinal fluid of and cerebral extracellular space in awake rats by in vivo microdialysis
1995
In vivo microdialysis was used to estimate the extracellular concentrations of ceftazidime and ceftriaxone, two expanded-spectrum cephalosporins commonly used in the treatment of bacterial meningitis, in two brain regions (the right corpus striatum and the left lateral ventricle) of awake, freely moving rats. Antibiotics were administered by constant intravenous infusion at 18 mg/h until steady-state levels were reached. Ceftriaxone levels measured at the steady state in the extracellular space of the corpus striatum (0.80 ± 0.17 J.tg/ml) were statistically equivalent to those obtained in the cerebrospinal fluid of the lateral ventricle (0.71 ± 0.15 J.tg/ml). The ratios of these levels in t…
Dose-dependent induction of CPP or CPA by intra-pVTA ethanol: Role of mu opioid receptors and effects on NMDA receptors.
2020
AbstractThe neurobiological mechanisms underlying alcohol motivational properties are still not fully understood, however, the mu-opioid receptors (MORs) have been evidenced as central elements in the manifestation of the alcohol reinforcing properties. Drug-associated environmental stimuli can trigger alcohol relapse and promote alcohol consumption whereby N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors play a pivotal role. Here we sought to demonstrate, for the first time, that ethanol induces conditioned place preference or aversion (CPP or CPA) when administered locally into the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the associated role of MORs. We further analyzed the changes in the expression and mRN…
Preconditioning by Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Improves the Proangiogenic Potential of Adipose-Derived Cells-Based Therapy
2009
Objective— Transplantation of adipose-derived stroma cells (ADSCs) stimulates neovascularization after experimental ischemic injury. ADSC proangiogenic potential is likely mediated by their ability to differentiate into endothelial cells and produce a wide array of angiogenic and antiapoptotic factors. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to control ADSC differentiation. We therefore hypothesized that mitochondrial ROS production may change the ADSC proangiogenic properties. Methods and Results— The use of pharmacological strategies (mitochondrial inhibitors, antimycin, and rotenone, with or without antioxidants) allowed us to specifically and precisely modulate mito…
The Major Conformational IgE-binding Epitopes of Hevein (Hev b6.02) Are Identified by a Novel Chimera-based Allergen Epitope Mapping Strategy
2002
A novel approach to localize and reconstruct conformational IgE-binding epitope regions of hevein (Hev b6.02), a major natural rubber latex allergen, is described. An antimicrobial protein (AMP) from the amaranth Amaranthus caudatus was used as an immunologically non-IgE-binding adaptor molecule to which terminal or central parts of hevein were fused. Hevein and AMP share a structurally identical core region but have different N-terminal and C-terminal regions. Only 1 of 16 hevein-allergic patients showed weak IgE binding to purified native or recombinant AMP. Chimeric AMP with the hevein N terminus was recognized by IgE from 14 (88%) patients, and chimeric AMP with the hevein C terminus wa…
The prognosis of patients having received optimal therapy for nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding might be worse in daily practice than in ra…
2010
International audience; BACKGROUND: Combination of endoscopic haemostatic and high-dose intravenous proton-pump inhibitors is considered to be the standard care for patients with acute peptic ulcer bleeding. AIM: This study assessed predictive factors of rebleeding and death in unselected patients presented to our hospital. METHODS: Consecutive patients with nonmalignant bleeding ulcers and stigmata of recent haemorrhage who received optimal treatment, between 22 August 2003 and 15 October 2007, were studied retrospectively. RESULTS: Among 140 included patients, 45 (32%) rebled and 30 received another haemostatic endoscopy, which was successful in 20 cases. In multivariate analysis, the onl…