Search results for "fusion"

showing 10 items of 4513 documents

Intraoperative transfusion practices in Europe

2016

PubMed: 26787795

AUSTRIAN BENCHMARKMaleBlood transfusionmedicine.medical_treatment610 Medizinanaemia anesthesia blood transfusion surgery transfusion trigger030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyGUIDELINESsurgeryCohort Studies0302 clinical medicine030202 anesthesiologyMedicine and Health SciencesMedicineProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyddc:610Research Support Non-U.S. Gov'tMiddle AgedHospitalsEuropeFemaleAllogeneic transfusionCohort studymedicine.medical_specialtyTransfusion rateObservational Studyanesthesiablood transfusionELECTIVE SURGERYClinical Practice03 medical and health sciencesJournal Articleanaemia ; anesthesia ; blood transfusion ; surgery ; transfusion triggerHumansBlood TransfusionElective surgeryCHLC ANSIntensive care medicineanaemiatransfusion triggerIntraoperative Carebusiness.industryPREOPERATIVE ANEMIAPATIENT BLOOD MANAGEMENTClinical trialAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineEmergency medicinebusinessPacked red blood cellsREQUIREMENTSBritish journal of anaesthesia
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Giant hepatocellular adenoma as cause of severe abdominal pain: a case report

2007

Abstract The authors describe the case of a large hepatocellular adenoma diagnosed in a 30-year old woman who came to us complaining of acute pain in the upper abdominal quadrants. The patient had been taking an oral contraceptive pill for the last ten years. We present the clinical features, the diagnostic work-up and the treatment prescribed.

Abdominal painPathologyoral contraceptive agent EMTREE medical terms: abdominal painanamnesilcsh:Medicinecomputer assisted tomographyaspartate aminotransferaseSurgical oncologynuclear magnetic resonance imagingMedicine(all)oral contraceptionadultarticleGeneral MedicineAbdominal quadrantsfemalepriority journalhistopathologycontrast enhancementdisease severitymedicine.symptomEMTREE drug terms: alanine aminotransferasemedicine.medical_specialtyOral contraceptive pillcontrast mediummedicinediffusion weighted imagingcase reportfollow uphumanAcute painliver biopsydrug useliver lobectomybusiness.industryGeneral surgeryPublic healthlcsh:RechographyHepatocellular adenomaliver angiographymedicine.diseasetumor bleedinghuman tissueclinical featurenausea and vomitingbusinessaspartate aminotransferase blood levelliver adenomaalanine aminotransferase blood level
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Cubic Microcontainers Improve In Situ Colonic Mucoadhesion and Absorption of Amoxicillin in Rats

2020

An increased interest in colonic drug delivery has led to a higher focus on the design of delivery devices targeting this part of the gastrointestinal tract. Microcontainers have previously facilitated an increase in oral bioavailability of drugs. The surface texture and shape of microcontainers have proven to influence the mucoadhesion ex vivo. In the present work, these findings were further investigated using an in situ closed-loop perfusion technique in the rat colon, which allowed for simultaneous evaluation of mucoadhesion of the microcontainers as well as drug absorption. Cylindrical, triangular and cubic microcontainers, with the same exterior surface area, were evaluated based on i…

Absorption (pharmacology)In situin situ perfusionColon absorptionIn situ perfusionlcsh:RS1-441Pharmaceutical ScienceMucoadhesion02 engineering and technologyMicrodevicesshape030226 pharmacology & pharmacyArticlelcsh:Pharmacy and materia medicaAbsorption rate03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMucoadhesionmicrodevicescolon absorptionIntestinal mucusIn situ perfusionChemistryShapeAbsorció intestinal021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyDrug deliveryDrogues0210 nano-technologyTecnologia farmacèuticamucoadhesionIn situ studyBiomedical engineeringPharmaceutics
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Influence of gamma-aminobutyric acid on baclofen intestinal absorption.

1994

Since previous studies suggested that baclofen absorption in the rat middle intestine was inhibited by beta-alanine and therefore mediated, at least in part, by the beta-aminoacid carrier, we focused our new studies on the analysis of the possible inhibition of the drug by a gamma-aminoacid model compound, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). A rat jejunum in situ study was undertaken in order to evaluate the effect of GABA on baclofen absorption and to establish the inhibition model. Assays using isotonic perfusion solutions of 0.5 mM baclofen with starting GABA concentrations ranging from 0 to 100 mM are reported. The results show that the absorption rate pseudoconstants of the drug decrease a…

Absorption (pharmacology)MaleBaclofenPharmaceutical ScienceIn Vitro TechniquesMichaelis–Menten kineticsAminobutyric acidModels BiologicalIntestinal absorptionchemistry.chemical_compoundNon-competitive inhibitionmedicineAnimalsPharmacology (medical)Rats WistarChromatography High Pressure Liquidgamma-Aminobutyric AcidPharmacologyGeneral MedicineMembrane transportSmall intestineRatsPerfusionBaclofenmedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemchemistryBiochemistryIntestinal AbsorptionBiophysicsBiopharmaceuticsdrug disposition
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Kinetics of the intestinal uptake of zinc acexamate in normal and zinc-depleted rats.

1990

Abstract The uptake of zinc as acexamic acid salt in the small intestine of the anaesthetized rat was shown to be a two-phase process in normal animals. The first phase is rapid mucosal binding which satisfies the Freundlich isotherm equation and which involves about 30 per cent of the initially perfused zinc. The second phase was characterized as an apparent absorption step which obeys Michaelis-Menten and first-order combined kinetics, with the following parameters: Vm = 6.51 mg h−1; Km = 2.96 mg; ka = 0.306 h−1. In largely non-saturated conditions, an apparent global rate constant of about 2.50 h−1 was calculated. No significant interference due to endogenous zinc excretion into the smal…

Absorption (pharmacology)MaleKineticsPharmaceutical Sciencechemistry.chemical_elementZincExcretionReaction rate constantPharmacokineticsIntestine SmallmedicineAnimalsFreundlich equationIntestinal MucosaPharmacologyAminocaproatesSpectrophotometry AtomicRats Inbred StrainsSmall intestineRatsPerfusionZincmedicine.anatomical_structureBiochemistrychemistryIntestinal AbsorptionAminocaproic AcidBiophysicsThe Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology
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Intestinal absorption pathway of gamma-aminobutyric acid in rat small intestine.

1994

Intestinal absorption of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), as a model compound for gamma-aminoacids, has not been extensively studied from the kinetic viewpoint. Since data from our laboratory suggested that some competition arises between intestinal absorption of beta-alanine and GABA and since our intent was to maintain the aqueous stagnant diffusion layer in order to approach absorption tests to in vivo physiological conditions, a rat jejunum in situ study was undertaken in order to gain an insight into the mechanism of GABA absorption. In the present paper, results from assays using isotonic perfusion solutions with starting GABA concentrations ranging from 1 to 50 mM are reported. They s…

Absorption (pharmacology)MalePharmaceutical ScienceMichaelis–Menten kineticsAminobutyric acidIntestinal absorptionDiffusionNon-competitive inhibitionBody WaterIn vivoIntestine SmallmedicineAnimalsPharmacology (medical)Rats WistarChromatography High Pressure Liquidgamma-Aminobutyric AcidPharmacologyAlanineChemistryGeneral MedicineMembrane transportSmall intestineRatsmedicine.anatomical_structureSpectrometry FluorescenceBiochemistryIntestinal AbsorptionBiophysicsBiopharmaceuticsdrug disposition
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Rat proximal tubule D-glucose transport as a function of concentration, flow, and radius

1972

From earlier microperfusion studies ofD-glucose and water reabsorption in the proximal surface nephron of the rat,D-glucose was found to be removed by a saturable carrier and by an apparent coupling with net fluid reabsorption. Equations appropriate to describe this system were developed. They incorporated carrier-mediatedD-glucose transport, net water transport, and water-coupled solute transport. Water reabsorption was assumed to be constant either per unit surface area, or per unit volume of the nephron, and the rate of carrier-transportedD-glucose was assumed constant per unit length, per unit surface area, or per unit volume of the tubule. The possibility thatD-glucose could be reabsor…

Absorption (pharmacology)medicine.medical_specialtyPhysiologyClinical BiochemistryBiological Transport ActiveRenal functionNephronAbsorptionchemistry.chemical_compoundD-GlucosePhysiology (medical)Internal medicinemedicineAnimalsWater transportReabsorptionChemistryWaterRatsPerfusionGlucoseKidney TubulesTubuleEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureVolume (thermodynamics)BiophysicsGlomerular Filtration RatePflügers Archiv European Journal of Physiology
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Contribution à l'étude des liaisons optiques atmosphériques : propagation, disponibilité et fiabilité.

2005

In this work we study the fog attenuation in the visible and infrared spectral band related to Free Space Optics (FSO). Based on the Mie scattering theory, fog extinction coefficients for different particle size distributions as a function of wavelength were derived. A simple analytical model allowing the prediction of atmospheric transmission for the 0.69 - 1.55 µm spectral band was developed. This model is valid for advection and convection fog and for visibility range between 50 to 1000 m. This model, implemented into software developed at FT R&D, allows the prediction of the Quality of Service of FSO links. Finally, we performed an experimental study to compare the fog effect on two FSO…

Absorption moléculairePropagation optique dans l'atmosphèreAtténuation atmosphérique.[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph]Mie scattering theoryvisible and infrared wave propagation in the atmosphereLiaisons optiques atmosphériquesDistribution de taille de particulesfogFree space opticsatmospheric attenuation.AérosolsBrouillardparticle size distribution[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph]Atténuation atmosphériqueThéorie de diffusion de Miemolecular absorption
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Modelling infiltration by means of a nonlinear fractional diffusion model

2006

The classical Richards equation describes infiltration into porous soil as a nonlinear diffusion process. Recent experiments have suggested that this process exhibits anomalous scaling behaviour. These observations suggest generalizing the classical Richards equation by introducing fractional time derivatives. The resulting fractional Richards equation with appropriate initial and boundary values is solved numerically in this paper. The numerical code is tested against analytical solutions in the linear case. Saturation profiles are calculated for the fully nonlinear fractional Richards equation. Isochrones and isosaturation curves are given. The cumulative moisture intake is found as a fun…

Acoustics and UltrasonicsMathematical analysisCondensed Matter PhysicsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsFractional calculusInfiltration (hydrology)Nonlinear systemFractional diffusionRichards equationPorositySaturation (chemistry)ScalingMathematicsJournal of Physics D: Applied Physics
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Copolymerization of n-Butyl Acrylate with Methyl Methacrylate and PMMA Macromonomers:  Comparison of Reactivity Ratios in Conventional and Atom Trans…

1999

The reactivity ratios of n-butyl acrylate (nBuA) with methyl methacrylate (MMA) and ω-methacryloyl-PMMA macromonomers (MM) in conventional and atom transfer radical copolymerization (ATRP) have been determined. For the copolymerization of nBuA with MMA, good agreement of the ratios is observed between conventional and controlled radical copolymerization, indicating that chemoselectivities in both processes are similar. The relative reactivity of the MM (1/rnBuA) in conventional copolymerization is significantly lower than that of MMA. It depends on the concentration of the comonomers but is not significantly influenced by the length of the MM. At high concentrations the relative reactivity …

AcrylatePolymers and PlasticsDiffusionOrganic ChemistryMacromonomerInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerchemistryAtomPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryCopolymerReactivity (chemistry)Methyl methacrylateMacromolecules
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