Search results for "fusion"

showing 10 items of 4513 documents

Correlation of cerebral blood flow and MCA flow velocity measured in healthy volunteers during acetazolamide and CO2 stimulation

1995

Abstract The assessment of the cerebrovascular reserve capacity (RC) has become a widely used tool in the management of cerebrovascular disease. Discrepancies become obvious, however, if results obtained with different methods are compared. Aim of the present study, therefore, was to compare blood velocity and cerebral perfusion data in the same group of healthy test persons. In 32 volunteers regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured with the 133 Xe-inhalation method. F1 as grey matter flow and the initial slope index (ISI) were computed. Simultaneously flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery (V MCA ) was assessed by transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD). Measurements were perfor…

AdultMaleAdolescentHemodynamicsReference Valuesmedicine.arterymedicineHumansCerebral perfusion pressureAgedResting state fMRIbusiness.industryCarbon DioxideCerebral ArteriesMiddle AgedStimulation ChemicalAcetazolamideNeurologyCerebral blood flowCerebrovascular CirculationAnesthesiaMiddle cerebral arteryFemaleNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptomAcetazolamidebusinessHypercapniaPerfusionBlood Flow Velocitymedicine.drugJournal of the Neurological Sciences
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The Effects of Isoflurane and Desflurane on Intracranial Pressure, Cerebral Perfusion Pressure, and Cerebral Arteriovenous Oxygen Content Difference …

2003

Background Desflurane is a volatile anesthetic agent with low solubility whose use in neurosurgery has been debated because of its effect on intracranial pressure and cerebral blood flow. The purpose of this study was to determine the variations on intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) as well as on cerebral arteriovenous oxygen content difference (AVDo(2)) in normocapnic patients scheduled to undergo removal of supratentorial brain tumors with no evidence of mass effect during anesthesia with isoflurane or desflurane. Methods In 60 patients scheduled to undergo craniotomy and removal of supratentorial brain tumors with no evidence of midline shift, anesthesia w…

AdultMaleAdolescentIntracranial PressureHemodynamicsBlood PressureDesfluraneHeart RateMonitoring IntraoperativemedicineHumansCerebral perfusion pressureAgedIntracranial pressureIsofluraneCerebrumbusiness.industryBrainSupratentorial NeoplasmsBlood flowMiddle AgedOxygenAnesthesiology and Pain Medicinemedicine.anatomical_structureIsofluraneCerebral blood flowCerebrovascular CirculationAnesthesiaAnesthetics InhalationFemalebusinessDesfluraneCraniotomymedicine.drugAnesthesiology
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β2-adrenoreceptors control human skin microvascular reactivity.

2021

Topical α1- and α2-adrenoreceptor (ADRA1 and 2) agonists are effective in alleviating permanent vasodilation and facial erythema associated with rosacea by inducing skin vasoconstriction. Although β-adrenoreceptor (ADRB) antagonists are used off-label for rosacea, pharmacological and pharmacodynamic data pertaining to these receptors in skin micro-vessels are lacking. Objectives: To analyse the expression of different adrenergic receptors and their contribution to vasoreactivity in skin micro-vessels. Small arteries (500-800 μm) and arterioles (<200 μm) were studied in human foreskin tissue. Specifically, ADR-A1, -A2, -B1 and -B2 expression was assayed by immunofluorescence, polymerase chai…

AdultMaleAdrenergic receptorAdolescentForeskinVasodilationHuman skinDermatologyPharmacologyYoung AdultReceptors Adrenergic alpha-2medicinePrazosinHumansRNA Messengerintegumentary systembusiness.industryBrimonidineArteriesVasodilationArteriolesmedicine.anatomical_structureReceptors Adrenergic beta-2medicine.symptombusinessPerfusionVasoconstrictionmedicine.drugArteryEuropean journal of dermatology : EJD
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Physical Activity Predicts Population-Level Age-Related Differences in Frontal White Matter

2020

Physical activity has positive effects on brain health and cognitive function throughout the life span. Thus far, few studies have examined the effects of physical activity on white matter microstructure and psychomotor speed within the same, population-based sample (critical if conclusions are to extend to the wider population). Here, using diffusion tensor imaging and a simple reaction time task within a relatively large population-derived sample (N = 399; 18–87 years) from the Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience (Cam-CAN), we demonstrate that physical activity mediates the effect of age on white matter integrity, measured with fractional anisotropy. Higher self-reported daily ph…

AdultMaleAgingAdolescentCognitive declineCognitionSurveys and QuestionnairesImage Processing Computer-AssistedReaction TimeHumansExerciseAgedAged 80 and overexerciseAge FactorsMiddle Agedcognitive declineWhite MatterFrontal LobeDiffusion Magnetic Resonance ImagingikääntyminenBrain agingEnglandAnisotropyFemalebrain agingaivotPsychomotor Performancefyysinen aktiivisuus
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Physical Activity Predicts Population-Level Age-Related Differences in Frontal White Matter

2018

Physical activity has positive effects on brain health and cognitive function throughout the life span. Thus far, few studies have examined the effects of physical activity on white matter microstructure and psychomotor speed within the same, population-based sample (critical if conclusions are to extend to the wider population). Here, using diffusion tensor imaging and a simple reaction time task within a relatively large population-derived sample (N = 399; 18–87 years) from the Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience (Cam-CAN), we demonstrate that physical activity mediates the effect of age on white matter integrity, measured with fractional anisotropy. Higher self-reported daily ph…

AdultMaleAgingmedicine.medical_specialtyExternal capsuleAdolescentPopulationCognitive declineUncinate fasciculusAudiologyCorpus callosumArticle050105 experimental psychologyWhite matter03 medical and health sciencesCognition0302 clinical medicineSurveys and QuestionnairesFractional anisotropyImage Processing Computer-AssistedReaction TimeHumansMedicine0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesCognitive declineeducationExerciseAgedAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industry05 social sciencesAge FactorsMiddle AgedWhite MatterFrontal LobeDiffusion Magnetic Resonance Imagingmedicine.anatomical_structureEnglandBrain agingAnisotropyFemaleGeriatrics and GerontologybusinessPsychomotor Performance030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDiffusion MRIThe Journals of Gerontology: Series A
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Cognitive deficits in beta-thalassemia major.

2000

OBJECTIVES: To assess cognitive functioning in patients affected by beta-thalassemia major (beta-th) by using a neuropsychological battery, and to identify clinical correlates. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Forty-six beta-th patients and 46 controls similar for age, sex, and education participated in the study. All subjects performed a comprehensive neuropsychological battery including tests of abstract reasoning, attention, executive functions, language, constructional/visuospatial skills, and memory. RESULTS:Compared to controls beta-th patients, in particular those showing signs of hemosiderosis, were significantly impaired on all neuropsychological tests. There was no relationship between cognit…

AdultMaleAnalysis of VarianceHemosiderosisbeta-thalassemia majorbeta-ThalassemiaNeuropsychological TestsChelation TherapyCognitionCase-Control StudiesAuditory PerceptionHumansSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaBlood TransfusionFemaleActa neurologica Scandinavica
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In vitro antifungal activity of allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) against Aspergillus parasiticus and Penicillium expansum and evaluation of the AITC estim…

2015

Abstract Isothiocyanates (ITCs) are natural compounds derived from cruciferous vegetables produced by enzymatic conversion of metabolites called glucosinolates. They are potentially useful antimicrobial compounds for food applications have been shown to be promising agents against cancer in human cell culture, animal models, and in epidemiological studies. In this study, the antifungal activity of the allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) was evaluated on two mycotoxigenic fungi as Aspergillus parasiticus and Penicillium expnsum , aflatoxins (AFs) and patulin (PAT) producers, employing an assay on solid medium. Also an approximation of the risk evaluation associated to the intake of food treated with…

AdultMaleAntifungal AgentsAdolescentFood spoilageToxicologyRisk AssessmentMicrobiologyPatulinYoung Adultchemistry.chemical_compoundDisk Diffusion Antimicrobial TestsIsothiocyanatesVegetablesHumansFood scienceChildAgedAged 80 and overbiologyCruciferous vegetablesPenicilliumGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedbiology.organism_classificationAllyl isothiocyanateBioactive compoundAspergillus parasiticusAspergilluschemistrySpainBrassicaceaePenicilliumFood PreservativesFemalePenicillium expansumFood ScienceFood and Chemical Toxicology
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Gemcitabine (GEM) plus oxaliplatin, folinic acid, and 5-fluorouracil (FOLFOX-4) in patients with advanced gastric cancer

2005

Abstract BACKGROUND AND AIMS: oxaliplatin in combination with folinic acid (FA) and infusional 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) has shown significant anti-tumor activity in gastric cancer patients (FOLFOX). Previous studies have shown that gemcitabine (GEM), a new fluorinated anti-metabolite, enhances the individual anti-tumor activity of either 5-FU or oxaliplatin. We have therefore designed a multi-center phase II trial in order to test a novel GEM+FOLFOX-4 regimen in patients with metastatic gastric cancer. METHODS: we enrolled 36 patients, 28 males and 8 females, with an average age of 64.4 years (range 37-78), who received bi-weekly treatment with GEM (1,000 mg/m2 on day 1), levo-FA (100 mg/m2 on…

AdultMaleAntimetabolites AntineoplasticCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyOrganoplatinum CompoundsGastrointestinal Diseasesmedicine.drug_classfolinic acidmedicine.medical_treatmentLeucovorinAdenocarcinomaToxicologyDeoxycytidineAntimetaboliteGastroenterologyFolinic acidFOLFOXStomach NeoplasmsInternal medicineAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsmedicineHumans5-fluorouracilPharmacology (medical)Infusions IntravenousAgedNeoplasm StagingPharmacologyChemotherapybusiness.industrygastric canceroxaliplatingemcitabineMiddle AgedHematologic DiseasesGemcitabineSurgeryOxaliplatinSurvival RateRegimenOncologyFluorouracilFemaleNeurotoxicity SyndromesFluorouracilbusinessmedicine.drugCancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology
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CEA and CA19-9 measurement as a monitoring parameter in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) under palliative first-line chemotherapy with weekly 24-ho…

2001

Summary Background There have been contradictory reports on the benefit of CEA and CA 19-9 measurements in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer using palliative chemotherapy. The object of this study was to examine the diagnostic accuracy of monitoring of palliative chemotherapy by means of CEA and CA19-9. Patients and methods The tumour markers CEA and CA 19-9 were subjected to serial measurement in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (n = 90) using palliative first-line chemotherapy with weekly 24-hour infusion of high-dose 5-FU with FA and were compared with objective response according to WHO criteria. 85 patients could be evaluated. 43 patients (51%) initially had elevated…

AdultMaleAntimetabolites Antineoplasticmedicine.medical_specialtyPalliative careCA-19-9 AntigenColorectal cancerLeucovorinSensitivity and SpecificityGastroenterologyDrug Administration ScheduleFolinic acidCarcinoembryonic antigenRecurrenceInternal medicinemedicineHumansInfusions IntravenousAgedTumor markerbiologybusiness.industryPalliative CareHematologyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseChemotherapy regimenCarcinoembryonic AntigenSurgeryOncologyFluorouracilbiology.proteinFemaleCA19-9FluorouracilColorectal Neoplasmsbusinessmedicine.drugAnnals of Oncology
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A Bayesian Method for Predicting 5‐Fluorouracil Pharmacokinetic Parameters Following Short‐Term Infusion in Patients With Colorectal Cancer

2003

Abstract The objective of this study was to develop a population pharmacokinetic model and validate it using a Bayesian approach for predicting, a priori and a posteriori , the individual volume of distribution ( V d ) and clearance ( Cl ) of 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) given as short‐term intravenous infusion in weekly and multiple doses. Forty‐four patients were divided in group A (5‐FU weekly doses) including 27 patients with nonmetastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma treated with 450 mg/m 2 of 5‐FU, 1 day per week for 48 doses, plus oral levamisol (50 mg/8 h) for 3 days, every 15 days and group B (5‐FU multiple doses) including 17 patients with metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma, receiving 5‐F…

AdultMaleAntimetabolites Antineoplasticmedicine.medical_specialtyPopulationUrologyPharmaceutical ScienceRenal functionModels BiologicalDrug Administration ScheduleFolinic acidPharmacokineticsInternal medicineBlood plasmamedicineHumansInfusions IntravenouseducationAgedBody surface areaVolume of distributioneducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryBayes TheoremMiddle AgedNONMEMEndocrinologyArea Under CurveFemaleFluorouracilColorectal Neoplasmsbusinessmedicine.drugJournal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
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