Search results for "future"

Visioita tulevaisuuden koulusta

2014

Oman paikan taju : keski-ikäiset perheenäidit paikallisilla kentillä

2012

Carsharing business models in Germany: characteristics, success and future prospects

2017

Carsharing provides an alternative to private car ownership by allowing car use temporarily on an on-demand basis. Operators provide carsharing services using different business models and ownership structures. We distinguish between cooperative, business-to-consumer (B2C) roundtrip and one-way, as well as peer-topeer (P2P) carsharing. This paper characterizes these different types of business models and compares their success in terms of diffusion using a comprehensive database of all 101 German carsharing providers in 2016. The key result holds that fleet size is significantly different across business models ranging from a few cars (cooperatives in small towns), to a few hundred (B2C rou…

Developments in the evolutionary theory of social interactions

2016

Altruistic behaviour, which benefits others but harms the actor, can evolve when copies of the underlying genes are transmitted to future generations by related beneficiaries. While we know that the mechanism of ‘kin selection’ answers to how altruism can evolve, the answers to why and when it can evolve are still obscure. The first aim of this thesis is to shed light to the evolution of altruism by identifying factors that facilitate or promote it. I find that the conditions under which altruism can evolve follow surprisingly simple principles that are independent of the taxon-specific traits such as fecundity. Further, by analysing the unique aspects of haplodiploid sex determination syst…

Magnetoencephalography Responses to Unpredictable and Predictable Rare Somatosensory Stimuli in Healthy Adult Humans

2021

Mismatch brain responses to unpredicted rare stimuli are suggested to be a neural indicator of prediction error, but this has rarely been studied in the somatosensory modality. Here, we investigated how the brain responds to unpredictable and predictable rare events. Magnetoencephalography responses were measured in adults frequently presented with somatosensory stimuli (FRE) that were occasionally replaced by two consecutively presented rare stimuli [unpredictable rare stimulus (UR) and predictable rare stimulus (PR); p = 0.1 for each]. The FRE and PR were electrical stimulations administered to either the little finger or the forefinger in a counterbalanced manner between the two conditio…

A Review of Biosensors for Non-Invasive Diabetes Monitoring and Screening in Human Exhaled Breath

2019

Exhaled breath acetone has been identified as a diabetes biomarker for non-invasive diagnosis. Its detection using biosensors features has many advantages over the conventional means. This paper reviews the recent literature on the detection of exhaled breath acetone and acetone vapor of diabetic interest. The biosensors have been classified based on their transduction methods. The performance characteristics of the biosensors have been explored for comparison. The future trends are also highlighted.

Cultural Interpretations of Global Information? Hindsight Bias after Reading Wikipedia Articles across Cultures

2017

Summary: Hindsight bias is the mistaken belief that an outcome could have been foreseen once it is known. But what happens after learning about an event? Can reading biased media amplify hindsight distortions? And do people from different cultural backgrounds — with different cognitive thinking styles — draw equal conclusions from equal media reports? We report two studies with Wikipedia articles and samples from different cultures (Study 1: Germany, Singapore, USA, Vietnam, Japan, Sweden, N = 446; Study 2: USA, Vietnam, N = 144). Participants read one of two article versions (foresight and hindsight) about the Fukushima Nuclear Plant and estimated the likelihood, inevitability, and foresee…

Hopes and fears of teacher candidates concerning the teaching profession

2017

Romanian university students have the opportunity to enroll in the education program for the teaching profession starting with their first year at the university. Most undergraduates choose the education program for the teaching profession, although some of them do not see themselves as teachers. The schooling experiences, the motivation for entering the teacher education programs, the initial teacher education experiences and their future plans can be important factors in considering the perspective of becoming a teacher or not. Focused on a future orientation, the goal of this study was to investigate teacher education candidates’ hopes and fears concerning a possible career as teacher. U…

Privatister – hvem er de, og hva motiverer dem til å lykkes på eksamen? Kartlegging av bakgrunnsvariabler og deres intensjon i lys av en utvidet vers…

2016

Det finnes fa empiriske studier i Norge som kartlegger bakgrunnsvariabler av privatister og undersoker motivasjonsprosesser ved bruk av teoretisk tilnaerming. Hensikten med denne studien er todelt. Det forste malet er a kartlegge ulike sider ved privatistenes bakgrunn, i lys av aldersmessig sammensetting, kjonnsfordeling, antall pameldte eksamener, tidligere erfaring med privatistordningen, grunnene for a ta eksamen, privatistenes tilrettelegging av eksamen pa grunn av saerskilte behov, tidligere kontakt med PPT, og normativ pavirkning. Det andre malet er en teoretisk tilnaerming med fokus pa intensjonelle prosesser i lys av utvidet teori om planlagt atferd (TPB). Resultatene viser at priva…

Effect of footwear on intramuscular EMG activity of plantar flexor muscles in walking

2020

One of the purposes of footwear is to assist locomotion, but some footwear types seem to restrict natural foot motion, which may affect the contribution of ankle plantar flexor muscles to propulsion. This study examined the effects of different footwear conditions on the activity of ankle plantar flexors during walking. Ten healthy habitually shod individuals walked overground in shoes, barefoot and in flip-flops while fine-wire electromyography (EMG) activity was recorded from flexor hallucis longus (FHL), soleus (SOL), and medial and lateral gastrocnemius (MG and LG) muscles. EMG signals were peak-normalised and analysed in the stance phase using Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM). We f…