Search results for "galant"
showing 10 items of 25 documents
Fontenelle ou la tendresse philosophe . Introduction
2015
International audience; Philosophe, écrivain, mathématicien, Académicien, Fontenelle (1657-1757) produit une œuvre dont ce volume montre l’unité dans une écriture philosophique définie comme réflexion sur le mouvement ordinaire de la pensée et sur l’historicité des idées, à partir de toutes les œuvres de l’esprit et de la culture. Cette édition scientifique de plus de vingt œuvres et d’extraits de l’Histoire de l’Académie royale des sciences, précédée d’un essai introductif, montre une pratique réflexive des discours qui vise l’émancipation de l’esprit par la réappropriation de ses propres œuvres. Fontenelle y ajoute un esprit singulier qui consiste à éveiller des idées chez son interlocute…
Controlled Iontophoretic Delivery in Vitro and in Vivo of ARN14140—A Multitarget Compound for Alzheimer’s Disease
2019
ARN14140 is a galantamine-memantine conjugate that acts upon both cholinergic and glutamatergic pathways for better management of Alzheimer's disease. Poor oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetics meant that earlier preclinical in vivo studies employed intracerebroventricular injection to administer ARN14140 directly to the brain. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of using constant current transdermal iontophoresis for the noninvasive systemic delivery of ARN14140 and to quantify the amounts present in the blood and the brain. Preliminary experiments in vitro were performed using porcine skin and validated with human skin. Cumulative ARN14140 permeation across th…
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and memantine in bipolar disorder: A systematic review and best evidence synthesis of the efficacy and safety for mul…
2016
Abstract Background Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AceI) and memantine might prove useful in bipolar disorder (BD) given their neuroprotective and pro-cognitive effects, as highlighted by several case reports. We aimed to systematically review the efficacy and safety of AceI and memantine across multiple outcome dimensions in BD. Methods Systematic PubMed and SCOPUS search until 04/17/2015 without language restrictions. Included were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), open label studies and case series of AceI or memantine in BD patients reporting quantitative data on depression, mania, psychotic symptoms, global functioning, or cognitive performance. We summarized results using a best-…
Le “plaisir sucré” de la duchesse : un point sur la production du « galant de Madame » à la fin du Moyen Âge. https://preo.u-bourgogne.fr/crescentis/…
2021
Among the range of products elaborated in the Dukes of Burgundy vineyards at the end of the Middle Ages, the galant is first quoted in 1383. This paper strives to shed new light upon the sources in which the galant appears, i.e. the accountability documentation of the Dukes’ vineyards. Our research focuses on two demesnes located near Dijon: Talant and Chenôve.The study of this rare product (2-4% of total production), which was certainly flavored with gentian, shows that the notion of fortified wine should be reconsidered for the 14th and 15th centuries. The galant was obtained only by heating white grape must in a cauldron, searching to reach a diminution of one- or two-thirds of the basic…
Evaluation of Galantamine transbuccal absorption by reconstituted human oral epithelium and porcine tissue as buccal mucosa models: Part I
2008
Over the last decade, interest in delivering drugs through buccal mucosa has increased. As a major limitation in buccal drug delivery could be the low permeability of the epithelium, the aim of this study was to evaluate the aptitude of galantamine, useful in Alzheimer's disease, to penetrate the buccal mucosa. The evaluation of the ability of galantamine to permeate through the buccal epithelium was investigated using two permeation models. Firstly, in vitro permeation experiments were carried out using reconstituted human oral non-keratinised epithelium and Transwell diffusion cells system. Results were validated by ex vivo experiments using porcine buccal mucosa as membrane and Franz typ…
Von der symptomatischen zur kausalen Therapie?
2009
Until today the pharmacological therapy of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is still limited to symptomatic temporary improvement or stabilization of cognitive performance and activities of daily living, and the reduction of neuropsychiatric symptoms of the disease. Available symptomatic treatment options are the acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (ACh-I) donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine, and the partial N-Methyl-D-Aspartat-(NMDA)-antagonist memantine. Further substances with symptomatic targets, especially selective acetylcholine and histamine receptors, are currently under development. Numerous of disease-modifying substances mainly targeting components of the amyloidogenic pathway of AD are pre…
Galantamine is an allosterically potentiating ligand of the human α4/β2 nAChR
2000
Galantamine (ReminyI ) is a novel drug treatment for mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD). Originally established as a reversible inhibitor of the acetylcholine-degrading enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), galantamine also acts as an allosterically potentiating ligand (APL) on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR). Having previously established this second mode of action on nAChRs from murine brain, we demonstrate here the same action of galantamine on the most abundant nAChR in the human brain, the α4/β2 subtype. This nAChR-sensitizing action is not a common property of all, or most, AChE inhibitors, as is shown by the absence of this effect for other therapeutically applied AChE…
Melampsora allii-fragilis f. sp. galanthi-fragilis reported for first time to cause rust on Galanthus plicatus in Latvia
2010
In Europe, Melampsora allii-fragilis f. sp. galanthi-fragilis (syn. Melampsora galanthi-fragilis) has been reported on leaves of snowdrop (Galanthus nivalis) in Romania (Savulescu, 1953; Bagyanarayana, 2005) and on Galanthus plicatus in Ukraine (Gutsevich, 1952). The GBIF Database has additional records of this fungus on G. nivalis from Austria, Czech Republic and France but the USDA SMML Specimens Database has also records from Hungary and Poland. According to this database, the established distribution area of M. allii-fragilis f. sp. galanthi-fragilis is ‘Central Europe’. Melampsora allii-fragilis f. sp. galanthi-fragilis belongs to the heteroecious rust fungi that require two hosts to c…
Unconventional ligands and modulators of nicotinic receptors
2002
Evidence gathered from epidemiologic and behavioral studies have indicated that neuronal nicotinic receptors (nAChRs) are intimately involved in the pathogenesis of a number of neurologic disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and schizophrenia. In the mammalian brain, neuronal nAChRs, in addition to mediating fast synaptic transmission, modulate fast synaptic transmission mediated by the major excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters glutamate and GABA, respectively. Of major interest, however, is the fact that the activity of the different subtypes of neuronal nAChR is also subject to modulation by substances of endogenous origin such as choline, the tryptophan …