Search results for "gamma rays"

showing 10 items of 108 documents

Effects of non-uniform interstellar magnetic field on synchrotron X-ray and inverse-Compton γ-ray morphology of supernova remnants

2011

Context. Observations of SuperNova Remnants (SNRs) in X-ray and γ-ray bands promise to contribute important information to our understanding of the kinematics of charged particles and magnetic fields in the vicinity of strong non-relativistic shocks and, therefore, the nature of Galactic cosmic rays. The accurate analysis of SNR images collected in different energy bands requires theoretical modeling of synchrotron and inverse Compton emission from SNRs. Aims. We develop a numerical code (remlight) to synthesize, from MHD simulations, the synchrotron radio, X-ray, and inverse Compton γ-ray emission originating in SNRs expanding in a non-uniform interstellar medium (ISM) and/or non-uniform i…

Physicsshock waveAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenamedia_common.quotation_subjectGamma rayAstronomy and AstrophysicsCosmic rayAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsElectronradiation mechanisms: non-thermalAsymmetrymagnetohydrodynamics (MHD)SynchrotronX-rays: ISMComputational physicsMagnetic fieldlaw.inventionInterstellar mediumgamma rays: ISMSpace and Planetary SciencelawMagnetohydrodynamicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsISM: supernova remnantmedia_common
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Potentialities of High-Resolution 3-D CZT Drift Strip Detectors for Prompt Gamma-Ray Measurements in BNCT

2022

Recently, new high-resolution cadmium–zinc–telluride (CZT) drift strip detectors for room temperature gamma-ray spectroscopic imaging were developed by our group. The CZT detectors equipped with orthogonal anode/cathode collecting strips, drift strips and dedicated pulse processing allow a detection area of 6 × 20 mm2 and excellent room temperature spectroscopic performance (0.82% FWHM at 661.7 keV). In this work, we investigated the potentialities of these detectors for prompt gamma-ray spectroscopy (PGS) in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). The detectors, exploiting the measurement of the 478 keV prompt gamma rays emitted by 94% 7Li nuclides from the 10B(n, α)7…

Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentalePhysics::Medical PhysicsBNCT; CZT detectors; X-ray and gamma-ray detectorsBoron Neutron Capture TherapyCZT detectors; X-ray and gamma-ray detectors; BNCTBiochemistrySettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAnalytical ChemistryZincX-ray and gamma-ray detectorsGamma RaysBNCTTelluriumElectrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentationCadmiumCZT detectors
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INTEGRAL/SPI ground calibration

2003

Three calibration campaigns of the spectrometer SPI have been performed before launch in order to determine the instrument characteristics, such as the effective detection area, the spectral resolution and the angular resolution. Absolute determination of the effective area has been obtained from simulations and measurements. At 1 MeV, the effective area is 65 cm^2 for a point source on the optical axis, the spectral resolution ~2.3 keV. The angular resolution is better than 2.5 deg and the source separation capability about 1 deg. Some temperature dependant parameters will require permanent in-flight calibration.

Point source[SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]FOS: Physical sciencesInstrumentation ; Detectors ; Spectrographs ; Space vehicles ; Gamma rays ; ObservationsAstrophysicsUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICAAstrophysics01 natural sciences[PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]OpticsSpectrographs0103 physical sciencesCalibrationSource separationAngular resolutionSpectral resolutionspace vehicles: instrumentsInstrumentation010303 astronomy & astrophysicsObservations:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Astronomía óptica [UNESCO]instrumentation: spectrographsPhysicsSpectrometer[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryinstrumentation: detectorsUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Astronomía ópticaGamma raysAntenna apertureAstrophysics (astro-ph)DetectorsSpace vehiclesAstronomy and AstrophysicsOptical axisSpace and Planetary Sciencebusiness:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA [UNESCO]gamma rays: observations
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Primary proliferating immature myeloid cells from CML patients are not resistant to induction of apoptosis by DNA damage and growth factor withdrawal.

1996

Induction of apoptosis by growth factor deprivation or gamma-irradiation-induced DNA damage was directly studied in proliferating primary haemopoietic cells derived from CD34-positive cells of 13 CML patients and 12 normal controls. CD34-positive cells were cultured in the presence of appropriate concentrations of SCF and G-CSF for 5–7 d. After gamma irradiation with 500 rad or growth factor deprivation, the fraction of apoptotic cells was assessed by two independent methods applying either measurement of cells incorporating FITC-labelled dUTP by terminal transferase or assessment of the fraction of cells with a less than 2N DNA content in flow cytometry. Proliferating CML cells were not re…

Programmed cell deathDNA damagemedicine.medical_treatmentFusion Proteins bcr-ablApoptosisBiologyFlow cytometrychemistry.chemical_compoundhemic and lymphatic diseasesGranulocyte Colony-Stimulating FactormedicineHumansStem Cell Factormedicine.diagnostic_testGrowth factorHematologyHematopoietic Stem CellsIn vitroTerminal deoxynucleotidyl transferasechemistryApoptosisGamma RaysImmunologyLeukemia Myeloid Chronic-PhaseCancer researchDNACell DivisionDNA DamageBritish journal of haematology
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Proteomic identification of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K as irradiation responsive protein related to migration

2014

Abstract Irradiation resistance is a major obstacle of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) therapy, limiting treatment success and patient survival. The aim of our experiments was to identify irradiation-regulated proteins as potential drug targets. Two established HNSCC cell lines (HNSCCUM-01T and HNSCCUM-02T) were treated with a single 8 Gy (Gray) fraction of irradiation. Changes in cellular protein expression were studied after 24 h by means of 2D-electrophoresis and MALDI–TOF-mass spectrometry. Ninety-four differentially expressed proteins were identified. The expression levels of four proteins were regulated similarly in both cell lines after irradiation treatment, i.e., GRP7…

ProteomicsBiophysicsBiologyBiochemistryCellular proteinImmunocytochemical stainingHeterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein KCell MovementCell Line TumormedicineHumansHeterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein KIrradiationNeoplasm MetastasisEndoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiPmedicine.diseaseMolecular biologyHead and neck squamous-cell carcinomaNeoplasm ProteinsGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticBlotRibonucleoproteinsGamma RaysHead and Neck NeoplasmsBiological significanceCell cultureCarcinoma Squamous CellCancer researchJournal of Proteomics
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Estimation of external gamma radiation dose in the area of Bory Stobrawskie forests (PL).

2011

The study assessed the radiological risks associated with the presence of natural and artificial radionuclides in the Bory Stobrawskie forests (PL). Using the conversion factors given by UNSCEAR and the measurements results of (232)Th series, (238)U series, (40)K, and (137)Cs specific activities in the 10-cm soil layer the values of absorbed dose (D) and the annual effective dose equivalent derived from terrestrial gamma radiation (E) were calculated. The calculated dose was compared with doses directly measured on the area studied.

RadiationManagement Monitoring Policy and LawRadiation DosageArticleTreesEnvironmental Science(all)Radiation MonitoringHumansSoil Pollutants RadioactiveGeneral Environmental ScienceRadionuclidesRadionuclideRadiation doseRadiochemistryRadiation doseGamma rayGeneral MedicineEnvironmental exposureEnvironmental ExposurePollutionRadiological hazardGamma RaysAbsorbed doseRadiation monitoringEnvironmental sciencePolandEnvironmental monitoring and assessment
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Determination of the irradiation field at the research reactor TRIGA Mainz for BNCT.

2009

For the application of the BNCT for the excorporal treatment of organs at the TRIGA Mainz, the basic characteristics of the radiation field in the thermal column as beam geometry, neutron and gamma ray energies, angular distributions, neutron flux, as well as absorbed gamma and neutron doses must be determined in a reproducible way. To determine the mixed irradiation field thermoluminescence detectors (TLD) made of CaF(2):Tm with a newly developed energy-compensation filter system and LiF:Mg,Ti materials with different (6)Li concentrations and different thicknesses as well as thin gold foils were used.

Radiation-Sensitizing AgentsMaterials scienceAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaPhysics::Medical PhysicsBoron Neutron Capture TherapyIn Vitro TechniquesThermoluminescenceTransplantation AutologousTRIGAFast NeutronsFluoridesIsotopesNeutron fluxNuclear ReactorsGermanyHumansNeutronIrradiationBoronRadiationPhantoms ImagingRadiotherapy Planning Computer-AssistedRadiochemistryLiver NeoplasmsGamma rayLiver TransplantationTransplantationEnergy TransferGamma RaysLithium CompoundsThermoluminescent DosimetryThermoluminescent dosimeterApplied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine
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Sphinx measurements of the 2009 solar minimum x-ray emission

2012

The SphinX X-ray spectrophotometer on the CORONAS-PHOTON spacecraft measured soft X-ray emission in the 1-15 keV energy range during the deep solar minimum of 2009 with a sensitivity much greater than GOES. Several intervals are identified when the X-ray flux was exceptionally low, and the flux and solar X-ray luminosity are estimated. Spectral fits to the emission at these times give temperatures of 1.7-1.9 MK and emission measures between 4 x 10^47 cm^-3 and 1.1 x 10^48 cm^-3. Comparing SphinX emission with that from the Hinode X-ray Telescope, we deduce that most of the emission is from general coronal structures rather than confined features like bright points. For one of 27 intervals o…

Solar minimumAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFluxFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics01 natural scienceslaw.inventionLuminosityTelescopeSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E Astrofisicalaw0103 physical sciencesROSATAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)Astrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsPhysicsRange (particle radiation)Spacecraft010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryX-rayAstronomy and Astrophysicsactivity Sun: corona Sun: X-rays gamma rays [Sun]Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary ScienceSun: activity Sun: corona Sun: X-rays gamma raysbusiness
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Search for Gamma-Ray Emission from the Sun during Solar Minimum with the ARGO-YBJ Experiment

2019

The hadronic interaction of cosmic rays with solar atmosphere can produce high energy gamma-rays. The gamma-ray luminosity is correlated both with the flux of primary cosmic rays and the intensity of the solar magnetic field. The gamma-rays below 200 GeV have been observed by Fermi without any evident energy cutoff. The bright gamma-ray flux above 100 GeV has been detected only during solar minimum. The only available data in the TeV range come from the HAWC observations, however, outside the solar minimum. The ARGO-YBJ data set has been used to search for sub-TeV/TeV gamma-rays from the Sun during the solar minimum from 2008 to 2010, the same time period covered by the Fermi data. A suitab…

Solar minimumSun: generalAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesCosmic rayastroparticle physics; cosmic rays; gamma rays: general; Sun: general7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesAtmospherecosmic rays0103 physical sciencesgeneral [Sun]010303 astronomy & astrophysicsArgocosmic rayHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Astroparticle physicsPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleGamma rayAstronomyastroparticle physicAstronomy and Astrophysicsgamma rays: general13. Climate actionSpace and Planetary Scienceastroparticle physicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenageneral [gamma rays]
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TheINTEGRALspectrometer SPI: performance of point-source data analysis

2005

The performance of the SPI point-source data analysis system is assessed using a combination of simulations and of observations gathered during the first year of INTEGRAL operations. External error estimates are derived by comparing source positions and fluxes obtained from independent analyses. When the source detection significance provided by the SPIROS imaging reconstruction program increases from ∼10 to ∼100, the errors decrease as the inverse of the detection significance, with values from ∼10 to ∼1 arcmin in positions, and from ∼10 to ∼1 per cent in relative flux. These errors are dominated by Poisson counting noise. Our error estimates are consistent with those provided by the SPIRO…

Statistical noisePoint sourceInstrumentationdata analysis -gamma raysPoisson distribution01 natural sciencesNoise (electronics)[PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]symbols.namesakeSignal-to-noise ratioOptics0103 physical sciencesSpurious relationship010303 astronomy & astrophysicsinstrumentationPhysics[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryAstronomy and AstrophysicsComputational physicsobservationsSpace and Planetary SciencesymbolsDeconvolutionbusinessmiscellaneous -methodsMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
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