Search results for "geenitekniikka"
showing 10 items of 17 documents
Directional high-throughput sequencing of RNAs without gene-specific primers.
2018
Ribosomal RNA analysis is a useful tool for characterization of microbial communities. However, the lack of broad-range primers has hampered the simultaneous analysis of eukaryotic and prokaryotic members by amplicon sequencing. We present a complete workflow for directional, primer-independent sequencing of size-selected small subunit ribosomal RNA fragments. The library preparation protocol includes gel extraction of the target RNA, ligation of an RNA oligo to the 5′-end of the target, and cDNA synthesis with a tailed random-hexamer primer and further barcoding. The sequencing results of a phytoplankton mock community showed a highly similar profile to the biomass indicators. This method…
Divergence and introgression among the virilis group of Drosophila
2022
AbstractSpeciation with gene flow is now widely regarded as common. However, the frequency of introgression between recently diverged species and the evolutionary consequences of gene flow are still poorly understood. The virilis group of Drosophila contains around a dozen species that are geographically widespread and show varying levels of pre-zygotic and post-zygotic isolation. Here, we utilize de novo genome assemblies and whole-genome sequencing data to resolve phylogenetic relationships and describe patterns of introgression and divergence across the group. We suggest that the virilis group consists of three, rather than the traditional two, subgroups. We found evidence of pervasive p…
Transgene verification and technical improvement in the establisment of transgenic miR-32 mouse line
2015
The main challenge to be faced with prostate cancer (PCa) is the segregation and treatment of patients with life-threatening disease. As current prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic tools are insufficient, solution is tried to be found from new biomarkers. One of these could be microRNA miR-32, which is possible up-regulated target of androgen receptor in aggressive PCa. Btg2 and Klf2 have further been suggested to be potential down-regulated miR-32 targets. To study hypothesized miR-32 oncogenicity in vivo, transgenic mice over-expressing miR-32 specifically in the prostate are established. Establishment of transgenic mouse line is a prolonged process, in which transgene functionality ne…
Alternative discourses in science fiction: human cloning in Glory Season (1993) by David Brin
2005
Towards therapeutic gene delivery to human cancer cells : targeting and entry of baculovirus
2008
Geeniterapia on yksi tulevaisuuden hoitomuodoista taistelussa syöpää vastaan. Virukset ovat evoluution myötä kehittyneet tehokkaiksi geeninsiirtäjiksi ja ovat nykyään käytetyimpiä geeninsiirtovektoreita. Yksi geenihoitojen yleistymisen esteistä on kuitenkin ollut virusvektoreiden puutteellinen kohdennus haluttuun kudokseen. Kohdentaminen on erityisen tärkeää syövän hoidossa, jotta hoito vaikuttaisi pääasiassa pahanlaatuisiin soluihin.Mäkelä kehitti tutkimuksessaan syöpäsoluihin kohdentuvia bakulovirusperäisiä geeninsiirtovektoreita. Hän tutki myös viruksen sisäänmenomekanismeja ja kulkeutumista kohdesoluissa.- Hyönteisiä infektoiva bakulovirus on luontaisesti vaaraton ihmisille. Se on helpo…
Occlusion-derived baculovirus : interaction with human hepatocarcinoma cells and application of baculovirus display technology
2007
Development of biotechnological tools for studying infectious pathways of canine and human parvoviruses
2005
Leona Gilbertin väitöskirjatyö antaa uutta tietoa parvovirusten pinnanmuokkauksesta ja hyödyllisyydestä virologian, geeniterapian ja biolääketieteen sovelluksissa. Parvovirukset ovat pieniä, yksisäikeistä DNA:ta sisältäviä eläinviruksia, jotka kykenevät infektoimaan isäntänsä soluja. Ihmisillä ne aiheuttavat ihottumaa sekä nivelkipuja. Tutkimuksessa tuotettiin bakuloviruksen avulla hyönteissoluissa sekä koiran että ihmisen parvoviruksen rakenneproteiineista fluoresloivia fuusioproteiineja. Selvisi, että parvoviruksen pinta sopii hyvin muokkaamiseen ja vieraiden molekyylien ilmentämiseen. Lisäksi havaittiin, että bakuloviruksia voidaan käyttää geeninsiirtovälineenä mm. parvovirusproteiinien …
Avidin engineering : modification of function, oligomerization, stability and structure topology
2003
Avidiini on neljästä samanlaisesta alayksiköstä muodostunut tetrameerinen glykoproteiini, jota esiintyy luontaisesti, pieninä pitoisuuksina, kanan munanvalkuaisessa. Eräs avidiinin merkittävimmistä ominaisuuksista on sen kyky sitoa vitamiini biotiinia. Avidiinin ja biotiinin välinen vuorovaikutus on voimakkain tunnettu luonnossa esiintyvä ei-kovalenttinen sidos proteiinin ja sen ligandin välillä. Tätä ominaisuutta on hyödynnetty jo pitkään lukuisissa bio- ja lääketieteellisissä sovelluksissa, jotka yhdessä muodostavat niin kutsutun (strept)avidiini-biotiini -teknologian. Avidin is a basic and rather stable tetrameric glycoprotein found in chicken egg-white. It has an enormous affinity towar…
Midbiotics : conjugative plasmids for genetic engineering of natural gut flora
2019
ABSTRACTThe possibility to modify gut bacterial flora has become an important goal, and various approaches are used to achieve desirable communities. However, the genetic engineering of existing microbes in the gut, which are already compatible with the rest of the community and host immune system, has not received much attention. Here, we discuss and experimentally evaluate the possibility to use modified and mobilizable CRISPR-Cas9-endocing plasmid as a tool to induce changes in bacterial communities. This plasmid system (briefly midbiotic) is delivered from bacterial vector into target bacteria via conjugation. Compared to, for example, bacteriophage-based applications, the benefits of c…
Small things matter : of phages and antibiotic resistance conferring plasmids
2016
Viruses and plasmids are small units of genetic material dependent on cells either transiently or continuously. Intriguingly, stories of these small entities intertwine in antibiotic resistance crisis. Horizontal gene transfer enables bacteria to respond rapidly to chances in their environment. Anthropogenic consumption of antibiotics induces the travel of resistance encoding genes mainly as passengers of conjugative plasmids. In this thesis, I demonstrate that clinically important resistance plasmids could evolutionarily rescue susceptible bacteria under lethal antibiotic concentrations. If mobile resistance genes are available in surrounding community, administration of high doses of anti…