Search results for "genètica"
showing 10 items of 159 documents
Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Similarities and Dissimilarities in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Wine Strains Response to Nitrogen Availabili…
2015
Nitrogen levels in grape-juices are of major importance in winemaking ensuring adequate yeast growth and fermentation performance. Here we used a comparative transcriptome analysis to uncover wine yeasts responses to nitrogen availability during fermentation. Gene expression was assessed in three genetically and phenotypically divergent commercial wine strains (CEG, VL1 and QA23), under low (67 mg/L) and high nitrogen (670 mg/L) regimes, at three time points during fermentation (12 h, 24 h and 96 h). Two-way ANOVA analysis of each fermentation condition led to the identification of genes whose expression was dependent on strain, fermentation stage and on the interaction of both factors. The…
Population genetic analysis of bi-allelic structural variants from low-coverage sequence data with an expectation-maximization algorithm
2014
Background Population genetics and association studies usually rely on a set of known variable sites that are then genotyped in subsequent samples, because it is easier to genotype than to discover the variation. This is also true for structural variation detected from sequence data. However, the genotypes at known variable sites can only be inferred with uncertainty from low coverage data. Thus, statistical approaches that infer genotype likelihoods, test hypotheses, and estimate population parameters without requiring accurate genotypes are becoming popular. Unfortunately, the current implementations of these methods are intended to analyse only single nucleotide and short indel variation…
Sistemas dopaminérgicos en el telencéfalo del ratón: Papel en el procesamiento de estímulos reforzantes naturales
2009
El refuerzo es un proceso psicológico complejo mediante el cual los animales modifican su comportamiento frente situaciones que les resultan ventajosas. Durante años se ha postulado que la dopamina (DA) liberada en el núcleo accumbens por neuronas tegmentales era el agente causal del refuerzo. Sin embargo, esta hipótesis es cada día más cuestionada y el refuerzo se subdivide en diversos procesos, sólo algunos de los cuales están relacionados con la DA. Utilizando el ratón como especie experimental, nos planteamos como objetivo comparar el papel de la DA en el refuerzo inducido por dos estímulos naturales diferentes. Utilizamos un reforzante ampliamente descrito, la sacarosa, frente un estím…
Análisis de las interacciones moleculares de la toxina Cry3Aa de Bacillus thuringiensis en la membrana del epitelio intestinal de Leptinotarsa deceml…
2011
Leptinotarsa decemlineata (escarabajo de la patata) es el insecto defoliador de patata de mayor importancia económica a nivel mundial, que también puede atacar otras plantas de interés económico como berenjena y tomate, y que ha desarrollado resistencia frente a un gran número de los insecticidas químicos utilizados para combatirlo. Las toxinas Cry de Bacillus thuringiensis, las cuales son altamente específicas para sus dianas e inocuas para los vertebrados, la gran mayoría de los invertebrados y las plantas, constituyen una herramienta de gran valor para el control de esta plaga, sin provocar efectos perjudiciales sobre el medio ambiente. En el presente trabajo hemos profundizado en el est…
A propósito de la inalterabilidad e intangibilidad del patrimonio genético humano como bien digno de protección penal
2019
En el presente estudio se efectúa una reflexión sobre el delito de manipulación genética contemplado en el artículo 159 del Código penal, precepto cuya concreta regulación despierta numerosas objeciones, especialmente en atención al bien jurídico de carácter colectivo que protege, como es la identidad genética, cuestionándose si esta conducta en particular encontraría mejor acomodo en la legislación administrativa. This paper makes a reflection on the crime of genetic manipulation contemplated in Article 159 of the Criminal Code, a provision whose specific regulation raises many objections, especially in attention to the collective legal right that protects, such as genetic identity, questi…
La generalización de los test genéticos y su incidencia en los derechos fundamentales
2017
Los avances científicos en el ámbito de la Genética hacen cada vez más fiables, útiles y económicamente asequibles los test genéticos. Por ello, un creciente número de personas se someten a estos test, muchos de los cuales son ofrecidos por empresas a través de Internet. Las pruebas genéticas no se limitan ya al ámbito estrictamente clínico, de investigación o forense, sino que son empleadas en otros contextos privados, como el dietético, el farmacéutico o el familiar. En este contexto, el presente artículo analiza sistemáticamente cómo los test genéticos pueden afectar a los derechos fundamentales, presentando los principales debates jurídicos que dichas pruebas genéticas han suscitado en …
Using gene expression and systems biology to interrogate auditory hallucinations in schizophrenic patients
2015
Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder affecting around 1% of the opulation. This disease presents a complex aetiology that has not been completely unveiled yet. Auditory hallucinations are a very significant and disruptive symptom of schizophrenia affecting between 60% and 80% of schizophrenic patients. In this paper we have used a network-based transcriptomic analysis aiming to identify differences in gene expression between schizophrenic patients with and without auditory hallucinations. Gene expression data from blood samples drained from 30 schizophrenia patients were generated using Affymetrix Human Gene 2.0 ST Genechips. Affymetrix Expression console was used for normalization and…
Genomic-scale analysis of DNA words of arbitrary length by parallel computation.
2006
In the post-genomic era, one of the main tasks is deciphering the meaning of the DNA sequences of complex organisms. In order to do so, there is a clear need for biocomputer tools able to extract and order the information of long DNA molecules, such as whole chromosomes or even complete genomes. However, most genomic analyses have been concentrated on the detection and counting of short words having sizes of between 1 and 10 nucleotides. In this paper, we describe parallel algorithms with different complexities that exhaustively determine all words of size k, k being arbitrarily large, in a source DNA sequence. The results shown that our algorithms achieve a high degree of scalability, allo…
mRNAstab : a web application for mRNA stability analysis
2013
Eukaryotic gene expression is regulated both at the transcription and the mRNA degradation levels. The implementation of functional genomics methods that allow the simultaneous measurement of transcription (TR) and degradation (DR) rates for thousands of mRNAs is a huge improvement in this field. One of the best established methods for mRNA stability determination is genomic run-on (GRO). It allows the measurement of DR, TR and mRNA levels during cell dynamic responses. Here, we offer a software package that provides improved algorithms for determination of mRNA stability during dynamic GRO experiments.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae glutaredoxin 5-deficient cells subjected to constitutive oxidizing conditions are affected in the expression of specific set…
2004
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae GRX5 gene codes for a mitochondrial glutaredoxin involved in the synthesis ofiron/sulfur clusters. Its absence prevents respiratory growth and causes the accumulation of iron inside cellsand constitutive oxidation of proteins. Null Δgrx5 mutants were used as an example of continuously oxidizedcells, as opposed to situations in which oxidative stress is instantaneously caused by addition of external oxidants.Whole transcriptome analysis was carried out in the mutant cells. The set of genes whose expression wasaffected by the absence of Grx5 does not significantly overlap with the set of genes affected in respiratorypetite mutants. Many Aft1-dependent genes involv…