Search results for "gestion"
showing 10 items of 2604 documents
Calcium, Iron, and Zinc Uptake from Digests of Infant Formulas by Caco-2 Cells
2001
Our aim was to estimate the bioavailability of calcium, iron, and zinc from infant formulas using a model that includes in vitro digestion and a Caco-2 cell culture to estimate the uptake. The cell culture conditions were selected, and uptake assays were carried out first with calcium, iron, and zinc standard solutions, and then with the soluble fraction of enzymatic digests of an adapted milk-based and a soy-based infant formula. It was not possible to measure the uptake of calcium, iron, and zinc from standard solutions added to the cell cultures in amounts similar to those present in infant formula digests with our method. The fact that it was, however, possible in the case of enzymatic …
Biomethane Production from Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Selected Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste (OFMSW) with Sewage Sludge: Effect of the Ino…
2021
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the inoculum to substrate ratio (ISR) and the mixture ratio between organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) and sewage sludge (SS) on the methane production potential achievable from anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD). Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) assays at mesophilic temperature were used to determine the best AcoD configuration for maximizing methane yield and production rate, as well as to address possible synergistic effects. The maximum methane yield was observed at ISR of 1 and 60% OFMSW: 40% SS as co-digestion mixture, whereas the highest methane production rate was achieved at ISR of 2 with the same mixture ratio (207 m…
Effect of temperature and organic nutrients on the biodegradation of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) during the composting of anaerobically diges…
2004
Limits on the application of biosolids (anaerobically processed sludges from wastewater treatment plants) as fertilizers for the amendment of soil are becoming greater because of the accumulation of recalcitrant substances, making necessary the use of techniques that bring the concentration of xenobiotics to lower concentrations than those permitted. In general, the biosolids composting process is sufficient to reduce the usual concentration of linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS) to low levels. In this work, an assessment is made on the effect of temperature in the capacity of enriched bacterial populations to biodegrade LAS, together with the influence that the available nutrients may hav…
About the criteria of output coincidence for forecasts to determine the orientation of the economy (application for France, 1980-1997)
2000
This note indicates that the method of output coincidence for forecasts used to determine if sectors are demand-driven or supply-driven in an input-output framework mixes two effects, the structural effect (choosing between demand and supply driven models) and the effect of an exogenous factor (final demand or added-value). The note recalls that another method is possible, the comparison of the stability of technical and allocation coefficients, generalized by the biproportional filter: if for a sector, after biproportional filtering, column coefficients are more stable than row coefficients, then this sector is declared as not supply-driven (but one cannot decide that it is demand-driven a…
Blockchain e criptovalute: strumento di democratizzazione imprenditoriale o bolla speculativa?
2018
L’obiettivo di questo lavoro (che costituisce il primo step di un più articolato percorso di ricerca) è di fornire un quadro teorico di riferimento utile alla comprensione delle possibili conseguenze che l’avvento della blockchain e delle criptovalute può avere sul contesto imprenditoriale e strategico-competitivo. Nello specifico, si vuole indagare se l’utilizzo della tecnologia blockchain possa rappresentare un effettivo strumento di “democratizzazione imprenditoriale” e di enfatizzazione del personal power dei singoli attori oppure sia il driver di una bolla speculativa basata sulle criptovalute.
The Impact of Amino Acids on Postprandial Glucose and Insulin Kinetics in Humans
2020
Different amino acids (AAs) may exert distinct effects on postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations. A quantitative comparison of the effects of AAs on glucose and insulin kinetics in humans is currently lacking. PubMed was queried to identify intervention studies reporting glucose and insulin concentrations after acute ingestion and/or intravenous infusion of AAs in healthy adults and those living with obesity and/or type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The systematic literature search identified 55 studies that examined the effects of l-leucine, l-isoleucine, l-alanine, l-glutamine, l-arginine, l-lysine, glycine, l-proline, l-phenylalanine, l-glutamate, branched-chain AAs (i.e., l-leucine, l-iso…
The Complex System Theory for the Analysis of Inter-Firm Networks: A Literature Overview and Theoretic Framework
2011
In this paper we discuss the body of knowledge known as complex system theory and its relevance to the analysis of inter-firm networks. We start by addressing the development of systems thinking. Through a literature overview, we point out the main elements for the development of systemic thought from its beginning, through its application in business sciences, to the birth of Complex Systems Theory (CST). With these initial annotations we provide an introduction to the concepts of the complex systems theory. We will underscore those aspects of CST that can be useful to analyze inter-firm networks, in order to highlight the evolutionary dynamics of the networks and to clarify the logical li…
Well-being and tourist experiences : a state of the art review of positive psychology studies
2017
Currently, well-being concerns individuals but also businesses and even countries. This article thus provides a synthesis of psychological researches on well-being and of those bringing closer well-being and tourism, this activity maintaining obvious links with well-being. The aim is to better understand their relationships and to offer, in particular to tourist operators, marketing recommendations suggested by the reviewed studies.
Book Review: Viable Systems Approach (VSA): Governing Business Dynamics
2015
This book introduces for the first time in English (and thus for an international readership) the Viable Systems Approach (VSA). The VSA is a novel systemic approach developed in Italy over a period of about thirty years by Italian systemic scholars under the guidance of Gaetano Golinelli.A strictly holistic view of systemic thinking puts the focus on the whole, as opposed to the parts. Accepting this view means directing all research efforts towards the understanding of the whole, without resorting to an analysis of the parts (Barile & Saviano, 2011). This perspective emerges in juxtaposition to the traditional analytical–reductionist approach, aiming to overcome its limits by moving towar…
Bioaccessibility of Enniatins A, A1, B, and B1 in Different Commercial Breakfast Cereals, Cookies, and Breads of Spain
2013
Fusarotoxins enniatins (ENs) can represent a potential risk as natural contaminants of cereal commodities. However, only their bioaccessible fraction can exert a toxicity. The purpose of this study was to determine the ENs A, A₁, B, and B₁ bioaccessibility added in 1.5 and 3.0 μmol/g concentrations in breakfast cereals, cookies, and breads using a simulated in vitro gastrointestinal extraction model. Bioaccessibility values ranged between 40.4 ± 1.9 and 79.9 ± 2.8%. The lower values were 50.1, 40.4, 43.9, and 46.3% in wheat bran with fibers, and the higher values were 79.9, 64.2, 69.8, and 73.6% in white loaf bread for the ENs A, A₁, B, and B₁, respectively. Food composition, compounds stru…