Search results for "gold standard"
showing 10 items of 194 documents
Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Snoring
2017
Moderate-to-severe sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is common in the general population, particularly between ages 50 and 70. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a major public health concern presenting a high associated risk for hypertension, cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, and motor vehicle accidents. The dentist should always evaluate for the presence of risk factors in patients with any signs of SDB. PSG is the gold standard for the diagnosis of OSA and sleep disorders. The CPAP device is still considered the most effective therapeutic approach for the management of SDB in both adults and children; however, their side effects and low adherence make clinicians look for alternative…
Accuracy of the water-siphon test associated to barium study in a high prevalence gastro-oesophageal reflux disease population: a novel statistical a…
2010
Summary Rationale, aims and objectives Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is ‘a condition which develops when the reflux of gastric content causes troublesome symptoms or complications’. Instrumental diagnostic tests generally used for GORD are 24-hour pH-metry and upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy but barium study associated with provocative manoeuvres such as the water-siphon test (WST), has also been used for GORD. The aim of this paper was to estimate the accuracy of several tests in patients with GORD in a tertiary care setting, focusing on WST, which is rapid and non-invasive, simple to perform and well-tolerated by patients. Method A total of 172 consecutive patients, sym…
Colonoscopy, Tumors, and Inflammatory Bowel Disease - New Diagnostic Methods
2006
Accurate detection of premalignant lesions and early cancers in the colon is essential for curative endoscopic or surgical therapy, since the prognosis for the affected patients is closely related to the size and stage of the neoplastic lesion. Total colonoscopy is the accepted gold standard for screening and surveillance of colorectal cancer. This review summarizes recently published diagnostic developments and key findings in the areas of colonoscopy, colonic tumors, and inflammatory bowel diseases. Relevant findings have been reported for chromo-endoscopy in the diagnosis of colitis-associated neoplasia, as well as flat and depressed adenomas. Real-time Doppler capabilities have now been…
Role of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in local complications of acute pancreatitis
2019
Acute pancreatitis (AP) represents a pancreas inflammation of sudden onset that can present different degrees of severity. AP is a frequent cause of acute abdomen and its complications are still a cause of death. Biliary calculosis and alcohol abuse are the most frequent cause of AP. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are not necessary for the diagnosis of AP but they are fundamental tools for the identification of the cause, degree severity and AP complications. AP severity assessment is in fact one of the most important issue in disease management. Contrast-enhanced CT is preferred in the emergency setting and is considered the gold standard in patients with AP.…
Tips and tricks in office hysteroscopy
2015
Abstract Office hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that has been shown to be highly accurate in diagnosing abnormalities of the endometrial cavity and the endocervical canal. It allows the direct visualizing of uterine pathology without the need for general anesthesia and the use of an operating room, generating cost savings and greater compliance among patients. The advent of small-diameter hysteroscopes, the use of saline solution as a distension media, as well as the vaginoscopic technique have widely contributed to the diffusion of this technique worldwide, and currently it can be considered the gold standard for the examination of the uterine cavity. The improved technology…
Assessment and treatment of the withdrawal syndrome in paediatric intensive care units
2020
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text
Hysteroscopy and treatment of uterine polyps.
2015
This article summarizes and analyzes the salient topics on the diagnosis and management of endometrial polyps, focusing on the role of the hysteroscopy. Noninvasive investigations such as transvaginal ultrasonography, with or without the use of three-dimensional ultrasonography (3D US) and contrast techniques, remain the mainstay of first-line investigation. Hysteroscopic resection represents the gold standard minimally invasive treatment for endometrial polyps. It is the most effective management and allows histologic assessment, whereas blind biopsy or curettage have low diagnostic accuracy and should not be performed.
Mandibular advancement devices vs nasal-continuous positive airway pressure in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea. Systematic review and meta-…
2016
Background Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a common disorder that may affect at least 2 to 4% of the adult population. Nasal-Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (N-CPAP) is today considered the gold standard for the treatment of OSA. The development of oral appliances (OAs) represents a new approach for the management of this pathology. The aim of this systematic review is to compare the efficacy of OAs and N-CPAP in the treatment of patients with mild to severe OSA. Material and Methods A PubMed-MEDLINE and Cochrane databases search of articles published between 1982 and 2016 comparing the effect of N-CPAP and OAs in OSA patients was conducted during July 2016. The studies were selected …
Diagnostic Accuracy of a New Antigen Test for SARS-CoV-2 Detection
2021
Background and aims: Quick and reliable diagnostic tools play an important role in controlling the spread of the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a new cyto-salivary antigen test aimed at detecting the presence of antigens for SARS-CoV-2, as compared by the gold standard RT-PCR and a lateral flow test. Methods: A total of 433 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study and the sensitivity and specificity of the new cyto-salivary antigen test were calculated, as compared to the RT-PCR nasopharyngeal swab and to the lateral flow test. Results: A total of 433 samples were collected and tested at the Mediterranean Fair in Palermo from Febru…
Validity and repeatability of the Pediatric Allergy Questionnaire for Athletes (AQUAped) for the screening of atopy.
2020
BACKGROUND High atopy prevalence has been reported in athletes. Having an age-specific questionnaire for predicting atopy is important for an optimal management of young athletes. The study objectives were as follows: (i) developing a scoring system for the Pediatric Allergy Questionnaire for Athletes (AQUAped); (ii) identifying the optimal age target within the range 7-14 years; (iii) assessing AQUAped validity and repeatability in the identified target population. METHODS A total of 133 young athletes (age 7-14 years) were recruited. Following a screening visit, the participants filled AQUAped at baseline (T0) and after 7 days (T1), concomitantly undergoing skin prick testing. Using atopy…