Search results for "gold"

showing 10 items of 1320 documents

Influence of an Electron Beam Exposure on the Surface Plasmon Resonance of Gold Nanoparticles

2013

Electron beam imaging is a common technique used for characterizing the morphology of plasmonic nanostructures. During the imaging process, the electron beam interacts with traces of organic material in the chamber and produces a well-know layer of amorphous carbon over the specimen under investigation. In this paper, we investigate the effect of this carbon adsorbate on the spectral position of the surface plasmon in individual gold nanoparticles as a function of electron exposure dose. We find an optimum dose for which the plasmonic response of the nanoparticle is not affected by the imaging process. The final publication is available at link.springer.com

PhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsbusiness.industrySurface plasmonBiophysicsFOS: Physical sciencesNanoparticle02 engineering and technologyElectron010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesBiochemistry0104 chemical sciencesAmorphous carbonColloidal goldMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Cathode rayOptoelectronicsSurface plasmon resonance0210 nano-technologybusinessPlasmonBiotechnologyPlasmonics
researchProduct

Plenty of motion at the bottom: atomically thin liquid gold membrane

2015

The discovery of graphene some ten years ago was the first proof of a free-standing two-dimensional (2D) solid phase. Here, using quantum molecular dynamics simulations of nanoscale gold patches suspended in graphene pores, we predict the existence of an atomically thin, free-standing 2D liquid phase. The liquid phase, enabled by the exceptional planar stability of gold due to relativistic effects, demonstrates extreme fluxionality of metal nanostructures and opens possibilities for a variety of nanoscale phenomena.

PhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsta114free-standing 2D liquidGraphenePhysics::OpticsFOS: Physical sciencesNanotechnologygold membranelaw.inventionMembranePlanarquantum molecular dynamics simulationslawPhase (matter)Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Nanoscale PhenomenaGeneral Materials ScienceMetal nanostructuresRelativistic quantum chemistryNanoscopic scaleNanoscale
researchProduct

Complex-mass renormalization in chiral effective field theory

2009

We consider a low-energy effective field theory of vector mesons and Goldstone bosons using the complex-mass renormalization. As an application we calculate the mass and the width of the $\rho$ meson.

PhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesRenormalizationParticle physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMesonHigh Energy Physics::LatticeNuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFOS: Physical sciencesRenormalizationHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Effective filed theoryGoldstone bosonEffective field theoryFunctional renormalization groupHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentVector mesonsCritical dimension
researchProduct

CONSTRUCTION OF METASTABLE STATES IN QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS

2004

In this paper, we construct metastable states of atoms interacting with the quantized radiation field. These states emerge from the excited bound states of the non-interacting system. We prove that these states obey an exponential time-decay law. In detail, we show that their decay is given by an exponential function in time, predicted by Fermi's Golden Rule, plus a small remainder term. The latter is proportional to the (4+β)th power of the coupling constant and decays algebraically in time. As a result, though it is small, it dominates the decay for large times. A central point of the paper is that our remainder term is significantly smaller than the one previously obtained in [1] and as…

PhysicsCoupling constantStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsExponential functionsymbols.namesakeQuantum mechanicsQuantum electrodynamicsMetastabilityExcited stateBound statesymbolsFermi's golden ruleRemainderMathematical PhysicsFermi Gamma-ray Space TelescopeReviews in Mathematical Physics
researchProduct

Sudden change in the nuclear charge distribution of very light gold isotopes

1987

4 pages, 3 tables, 2 figures.-- PACS nrs.: 21.10.Ft, 21.10.Ky, 27.70.+q.

PhysicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyCharge densityRadiusPhotoionizationEffective nuclear chargeTime of flight[PACS] Electromagnetic momentsIonization[PACS] Charge distribution150 ≤ A ≤ 189 [[PACS] Properties of specific nuclei listed by mass ranges]Nuclear Physics - ExperimentPhysics::Atomic PhysicsIsotopes of gold[PACS] Properties of specific nuclei listed by mass ranges:150 ≤ A ≤ 189Atomic physicsHyperfine structure
researchProduct

Dimer dissociation energies of small odd-size clusters

2002

The dimer dissociation energies of gold cluster ions Au + n , n = 9, 11, 13, 15 have been determined with an extension of a recently developed model-independent method. Monomer-dimer decay pathway branching ratios provide the energy dependent process which is needed in this method. The measured values are D 2 ( Au + 9 ) = 3.66(8)(9) eV, D 2 ( Au + 11 ) = 4.27(11)(8) eV, D 2 ( Au + 13 ) = 4.50(9)(7) eV and D 2 ( Au + 15 ) = 4.29(10)(6) eV.

PhysicsGold clusterBranching fractionDimerOptical physicsBranching (polymer chemistry)Bond-dissociation energyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsDissociation (chemistry)IonCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryAtomic physicsThe European Physical Journal D
researchProduct

Multisequential photofragmentation of size-selected gold cluster ions

2002

Time-resolved fragmentation measurements have been performed on stored, size-selected gold cluster ions ${\mathrm{Au}}_{n}^{+}$ $(n=17--21)$ that have been excited up to 15 eV by multiphoton absorption. These excitation energies are far above the clusters' dissociation thresholds and initiate multistep sequential unimolecular dissociation by evaporation of neutral monomers. The measurements allow for the determination of a combination of kinetic-energy release and radiative cooling of the excited clusters. Also, previously determined model-independent values of the cluster dissociation energies are confirmed by the present measurements. The data are consistent with thermal values of the kin…

PhysicsGold clusterRadiative coolingFragmentation (mass spectrometry)Excited stateCluster (physics)Atomic physicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsDissociation (chemistry)ExcitationIonPhysical Review A
researchProduct

Clockwork Goldstone Bosons

2017

The clockwork mechanism has recently been proposed as a natural way to generate hierarchies among parameters in quantum field theories. The mechanism is characterized by a very specific pattern of spontaneous and explicit symmetry breaking, and the presence of new light states referred to as `gears'. In this paper we begin by investigating the self-interactions of these gears in a scalar clockwork model and find a parity-like selection rule at all orders in the fields. We then proceed to investigate how the clockwork mechanism can be realized in 5D linear dilaton models from the spontaneous symmetry breaking of a complex bulk scalar field. We also discuss how the clockwork mechanism is mani…

PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - Theory010308 nuclear & particles physicsSpontaneous symmetry breakingScalar (mathematics)FOS: Physical sciencesClockwork01 natural sciencesTheoretical physicsExplicit symmetry breakingHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)0103 physical sciencesGoldstone bosonDilatonGauge theory010306 general physicsScalar field
researchProduct

Vacuum Topology of the Two Higgs Doublet Model

2011

We perform a systematic study of generic accidental Higgs-family and CP symmetries that could occur in the two-Higgs-doublet-model potential, based on a Majorana scalar-field formalism which realizes a subgroup of GL(8,C). We derive the general conditions of convexity and stability of the scalar potential and present analytical solutions for two non-zero neutral vacuum expectation values of the Higgs doublets for a typical set of six symmetries, in terms of the gauge-invariant parameters of the theory. By means of a homotopy-group analysis, we identify the topological defects associated with the spontaneous symmetry breaking of each symmetry, as well as the massless Goldstone bosons emergin…

PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryParticle physicsHyperchargeNuclear and High Energy PhysicsCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)Spontaneous symmetry breakingScalar (mathematics)High Energy Physics::PhenomenologyMagnetic monopoleFOS: Physical sciencesScalar potentialTheoretical physicsTwo-Higgs-doublet modelHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Goldstone bosonHiggs bosonAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic AstrophysicsParticle Physics - Phenomenology
researchProduct

Penning-trap mass spectrometry and mean-field study of nuclear shape coexistence in the neutron-deficient lead region

2017

We present a study of nuclear shape coexistence in the region of neutron-deficient lead isotopes. The midshell gold isotopes 180,185,188,190Au (Z=79), the two long-lived nuclear states in 197At (Z=85), and the neutron-rich nuclide 219At were produced by the ISOLDE facility at CERN and their masses were determined with the high-precision Penning-trap mass spectrometer ISOLTRAP. The studied gold isotopes address the trend of binding energies in a region of the nuclear chart where the nuclear charge radii show pronounced discontinuities. Significant deviations from the atomic-mass evaluation were found for 188,190Au. The new trend of two-neutron separation energies is smoother, although it doe…

PhysicsIsotope010308 nuclear & particles physicsBinding energyNuclear Theory[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Penning trap01 natural sciencesISOLTRAPEffective nuclear chargeNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesNeutronIsotopes of goldNuclide010306 general physicsNuclear Experiment
researchProduct