Search results for "grooming"
showing 10 items of 22 documents
Structure of rat behavior in hole-board: I) multivariate analysis of response to anxiety
2008
Aim of present paper was to carry out an analysis of rat behavior in hole-board following different multivariate approaches. Thirty male Wistar rats were observed in a hole-board apparatus and their behavior recorded for 10 min through a digital videocamera for a following frame-by-frame analysis. Both descriptive and multivariate analyses were used. Descriptive analysis showed that roughly 85% of the whole behavioral structure encompassed six patterns appearing during the first minute of observation: walking, climbing, rearing, immobile-sniffing, edge-sniff and head-dip. As to multivariate approach, cluster analysis showed three main dyadic associations: [edge-sniff/head-dip], [walking/cli…
Effects of the benzodiazepine inverse agonist FG7142 on the structure of anxiety-related behavior of male Wistar rats tested in hole board
2016
Little is known about the structural characteristics of the behavior of rats with enhanced anxiety level. To fill this gap, a study was undertaken where effects of an anxiogenic drug were examined on behavioral structure of rats tested in hole board.This study investigates effects of increased anxiety level on the structure of the behavior of rats tested in hole board METHODS: Different doses of FG7142 (1, 4, 8 mg/kg IP), a potent anxiety-inducing drug, were administered to three groups of male Wistar rats. A further group was administered saline. Experiments were recorded through a digital camera. Quantitative and multivariate approaches were applied.Percent distributions and durations sho…
Chronic psychosocial stress and antidepressant treatment in tree shrews: time-dependent behavioral and endocrine effects.
1999
Abstract Social defeat has been shown to cause a number of behavioral, physiological, and central nervous changes in male tree shrews. The present study was designed to assess: (i) a potential time lag in the occurrence of behavioral alterations (locomotor activity, self-grooming, marking behavior, food and water intake, and avoidance behavior) after stress and long-term antidepressant treatment; and (ii) to investigate potential interactions between behavioral and endocrine variables (urinary cortisol and norepinephrine). Male tree shrews were submitted to chronic psychosocial stress for 39 days. In this paradigm, the stress-induced behavioral and endocrine alterations in subordinate anima…
Differential sensitivity to the effects of nicotine and bupropion in adolescent and adult male OF1 mice during social interaction tests.
2008
Few studies have compared the action of both nicotine (NIC) and bupropion (BUP), an antidepressant used to treat NIC dependence, on social and aggressive behavior at different ages. This study aims to determine whether these drugs produce differential effects in adolescent (postnatal day: 36–37) and adult (postnatal day: 65–66) mice that have been housed individually for 2 weeks in order to induce aggressive behavior. Mice received BUP (40, 20, or 10 mg/kg), NIC (1, 0.5, and 0.25 mg/kg as base), or vehicle earlier to a social interaction test. BUP (40 mg/kg) decreased social investigation and increased nonsocial exploration in both adolescent and adult mice. The same effects were also obser…
Sulpiride has an antiaggressive effect in mice without markedly depressing motor activity
1991
The atypical neuroleptic, sulpiride is a selective D2 antagonist, having a preferential action on mesolimbic regions. The effects of acute and chronic treatment with sulpiride on aggressive behaviour in male mice were studied using an ethologically based analysis. It was hypothesized that sulpiride would diminish "threat" and "attack" but would not produce marked "immobility", because of the mesolimbic effect referred to above. Isolated albino male mice (experimental animals) were confronted by "standard opponents". Acutely-treated experimental animals received an intraperitoneal injection of sulpiride (20, 50 or 100 mg/kg) 30 min before testing. Chronically-treated animals received sulpiri…
Influences of Relatedness, Food Deprivation, and Sex on Adult Behaviors in the Group-living Insect Forficula auricularia
2014
The evolution of group living is generally associated with the emergence of social behaviors that ensure fitness benefits to group members. However, the expression of these behaviors may depend on group composition, which can vary over time with respect to sex, starvation status, and relatedness. Here, we investigated (1) whether adults of the group-living European earwig, Forficula auricularia, show cooperative behaviors toward conspecifics and (2) whether sex, food availability, and relatedness shape the nature and frequency of these behaviors. We conducted a full-factorial experiment using 108 unisexual pairs of adults, in which we manipulated these three factors and video-recorded the e…
Victimización Juvenil Sexual Online: incidencia, características, gravedad y co-ocurrencia con otras formas de victimización electrónica
2015
El objetivo general de este estudio es contribuir al conocimiento científico sobre el fenómeno de la Victimización Juvenil Sexual Online desde la perspectiva de la Victimología del Desarrollo y proporcionar un marco teórico-empírico desde el que poder desarrollar ulteriores estudios. Principalmente, se pretende conocer su incidencia, características y gravedad en comparación con otras formas de victimización online. Se analizan las diferencias de género y edad, para poder diseñar el patrón de victimización juvenil online a lo largo de la adolescencia. Y se exploran las características de sus víctimas en función de la gravedad de la experiencia de victimización sexual online. Todo ello, asum…
Recensione a: Promuovere ambienti educativi sicuri. Prevenire gli abusi nei contesti ecclesiali, a cura di Raffaella Sette, Simone Tuzza
2021
Book Review: Promoting Safe Educational Environments. Preventing Abuses in Ecclesial Contexts, by Raffaella Sette, Simone Tuzza
Grooming internetissä ja lapsen seksuaalinen hyväksikäyttö
2011
Internet on tarjonnut lapsille ja nuorille kaivatun tilan ja uudenlaisia mahdollisuuksia sosiaaliseen verkostoitumiseen ilman huoltajien ja vanhempien valvontaa. Vanhempien ymmärryksen tai kiinnostuksen puute internetin luomia mahdollisuuksia kohtaan on kuitenkin jättänyt monen lapsen alttiiksi ja helposti lähestyttäviksi myös niiden aikuisten taholta, jotka tuntevat seksuaalista mielenkiintoa lapsia kohtaan. Tätä aikuisen lapseen kohdistamaa lähestymistapaa kutsutaan nimellä grooming. Groomingin tekniikka ei ole iso mysteeri. Lapsen seksuaaliseen hyväksikäyttöön pyrkivä aikuinen lähestyy lasta usein samankaltaisin tavoin, kuin aikuiset lähestyvät muita aikuisia. Tyypillisesti grooming-pros…
Impact of serotonin 2C receptor null mutation on physiology and behavior associated with nigrostriatal dopamine pathway function.
2009
The impact of serotonergic neurotransmission on brain dopaminergic pathways has substantial relevance to many neuropsychiatric disorders. A particularly prominent role has been ascribed to the inhibitory effects of serotonin 2C receptor (5-HT2CR) activation on physiology and behavior mediated by the mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway, particularly in the terminal region of the nucleus accumbens. The influence of this receptor subtype on functions mediated by the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway is less clear. Here we report that a null mutation eliminating expression of 5-HT2CRs produces marked alterations in the activity and functional output of this pathway. 5-HT2CR mutant mice displayed i…