Search results for "ground"

showing 10 items of 2432 documents

Correcting for non-ignorable missingness in smoking trends

2015

Data missing not at random (MNAR) is a major challenge in survey sampling. We propose an approach based on registry data to deal with non-ignorable missingness in health examination surveys. The approach relies on follow-up data available from administrative registers several years after the survey. For illustration we use data on smoking prevalence in Finnish National FINRISK study conducted in 1972-1997. The data consist of measured survey information including missingness indicators, register-based background information and register-based time-to-disease survival data. The parameters of missingness mechanism are estimable with these data although the original survey data are MNAR. The u…

Statistics and ProbabilityBackground informationFOS: Computer and information sciencesta112Test data generationComputer scienceSurvey samplingnon-participationta3142Smoking prevalenceBayesian inferenceMissing dataStatistics - Applicationsregistry dataMethodology (stat.ME)missing dataStatisticsSurvey data collectionRegistry dataApplications (stat.AP)Statistics Probability and Uncertaintysurvey samplingStatistics - Methodologysmoking prevalencehealth examination survey
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Generation of Entangled Two-Photon Binomial States in Two Spatially Separate Cavities

2006

We propose a conditional scheme to generate entangled two-photon generalized binomial states inside two separate single-mode high-Q cavities. This scheme requires that the two cavities are initially prepared in entangled one-photon generalized binomial states and exploits the passage of two appropriately prepared two-level atoms one in each cavity. The measurement of the ground state of both atoms is finally required when they exit the cavities. We also give a brief evaluation of the experimental feasibility of the scheme.

Statistics and ProbabilityMandel parameteroscillatorsBinomial (polynomial)propertiesQuantum mechanicsScheme (mathematics)Complex systemPhysics::OpticsStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsGround stateMathematical PhysicsMathematicsOpen Systems & Information Dynamics
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Electronic Structure Study of Seven-Coordinate First-Row Transition Metal Complexes Derived from 1,10-Diaza-15-crown-5:  A Successful Marriage of The…

2005

A detailed study of the electronic structure of seven-coordinate Mn(II), Co(II), and Ni(II) complexes with the lariat ether N,N'-bis(2-aminobenzyl)-1,10-diaza-15-crown-5 (L(1)) is presented. These complexes represent new examples of structurally characterized seven-coordinate (pentagonal bipyramidal) complexes for the Mn(II), Co(II), and Ni(II) ions. The X-ray crystal structures of the Mn(II) and Co(II) complexes show C(2) symmetries for the [M(L(1))](2+) cations, whereas the structures of the Ni(II) complexes show a more distorted coordination environment. The magnetic properties of the Mn(II) complex display a characteristic Curie law, whereas those of the Co(II) and Ni(II) ions show the …

StereochemistryElectronic structureCrystal structureIonInorganic ChemistryMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyPentagonal bipyramidal molecular geometrychemistryTransition metal15-Crown-5visual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryGround stateInorganic Chemistry
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Structural and Magnetic Characterization of a μ-1,5-Dicyanamide-Bridged Iron Basic Carboxylate [Fe3O(O2C(CH3)3)6] 1D Chain

2008

We are reporting an unprecedented example of a mu-1,5-dicyanamide (dca)-bridged iron basic carboxylate, [Fe3O(O2C(CH3)3)6], 1D chain. As revealed from X-ray determination, the Fe3O cores are arranged in a zigzag configuration along the chain and strictly aligned in the same plane. The chains are well-isolated by the bulky tert-butyl groups. Magnetic measurements showed that the Fe3O units are weakly antiferromagnetically coupled (J = -0.6 cm(-1)) through the dca ligand while possessing a well-isolated S = 1/2 spin ground state arising from competing antiferromagnetic interactions.

StereochemistryLigandInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistryChain (algebraic topology)ZigzagAntiferromagnetismCarboxylatePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryGround stateSpin (physics)DicyanamideInorganic Chemistry
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Iron(III) bis(pyrazol-1-yl)acetate based decanuclear metallacycles: synthesis, structure, magnetic properties and DFT calculations

2016

The synthesis, structural aspects, magnetic interpretation and theoretical rationalizations for a new member of the ferric wheel family, a decanuclear iron(III) complex with the formula [Fe10(bdtbpza)10(μ2-OCH3)20] (1), featuring the N,N,O tridentate bis(3,5-di-tert-butylpyrazol-1-yl)acetate ligand, are reported. The influence of the steric effect on both the core geometry and coordination mode is observed. Temperature dependent (2.0–300 K range) magnetic susceptibility studies carried out on complexes 1 established unequivocally antiferromagnetic (AF) interactions between high-spin iron(III) centers (S = 5/2), leading to a ground state S = 0. The mechanism of AF intramolecular coupling was…

Steric effects010405 organic chemistryChemistryStereochemistryLigand010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMagnetic susceptibility0104 chemical sciencesInorganic ChemistryCrystallographyiron complexesIntramolecular forcemetallacyclesmedicineFerricAntiferromagnetismacetate ligandsmagnetic propertiesGround stateta116density functional theoryMagnetic interpretationmedicine.drugDalton Transactions
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Breaking Bonds and Forming Nanographene Diradicals with Pressure.

2017

New anthanthrone-based polycyclic scaffolds possessing peripheral crowed quinodimethanes have been prepared. While the compounds adopt a closed-shell butterfly shaped structure in the ground state, a concave-to-convex fluxional dynamic inversion is accessible with a low energy barrier through an open-shell diradicaloid transition-state. Mainly driven by the release of strainattributed to the steric hindrance at the peri position of the anthanthrone core, a low-lying open-shell diradical is accessible through planarization of the core, which can be achieved by thermal excitation in solution. Alternatively, planarization can be achieved by application of mild pressure in the solid state, in w…

Steric effects010405 organic chemistryDiradicalSolid-stateGeneral MedicineGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesQuantum chemistryCatalysis3. Good health0104 chemical scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesakeAnthanthronechemistryChemical-mechanical planarizationsymbolsRaman spectroscopyGround stateAngewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)
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Two strained hexahelicenophanes

2000

The crystal structures of the [6]­helicenes 4,13-(1,10-deca­methyl­ene­dioxy)­hexahelicene, C36H34O2, (I), and 4,13-(1,8-octa­methyl­ene­dioxy)­hexahelicene, C34H30O2, (II), show strong steric interactions between the terminal benzene rings and the poly­methyl­ene­dioxy chains. The shortest ring A and F distances amount to 2.941 (3) and 2.902 (3) A, respectively. The increased steric energy of the ground state is responsible for a significantly lower racemization barrier of (I) and (II) in comparison to the unsubstituted [6]­helicene.

Steric effectsCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundHeliceneChemistryStereochemistryCrystal structureGeneral MedicineGround stateRing (chemistry)BenzeneRacemizationGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyActa Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications
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ChemInform Abstract: Two Strained Hexahelicenophanes.

2000

The crystal structures of the [6]­helicenes 4,13-(1,10-deca­methyl­ene­dioxy)­hexahelicene, C36H34O2, (I), and 4,13-(1,8-octa­methyl­ene­dioxy)­hexahelicene, C34H30O2, (II), show strong steric interactions between the terminal benzene rings and the poly­methyl­ene­dioxy chains. The shortest ring A and F distances amount to 2.941 (3) and 2.902 (3) A, respectively. The increased steric energy of the ground state is responsible for a significantly lower racemization barrier of (I) and (II) in comparison to the unsubstituted [6]­helicene.

Steric effectschemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyHelicenechemistryGeneral MedicineCrystal structureGround stateRing (chemistry)BenzeneRacemizationChemInform
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Azide Binding Controlled by Steric Interactions in Second Sphere. Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Magnetic Properties of [Ni II 2 (L)(μ 1,1 -N 3 )]…

2016

International audience; The dinuclear Ni-II complex [Ni-2(L-2)][ClO4](2) (3) supported by the 28-membered hexaaza-dithiophenolate macro-cycle (L-2)(2-) binds the N-3(-) ion specifically end-on yielding [Ni-2(L-2)(mu(1,1)-N-3)] [ClO4] (7) or [Ni-2(L-2)(mu(1,1)-N-3)][BPh4] (8), while the previously reported complex [Ni2L1(mu(1,3)-N-3)][ClO4] (2) of the 24-membered macrocycle (L-1)(2-) coordinates it in the end-to-end fashion. A comparison of the X-ray structures of 2, 3, and 7 reveals the form-selective binding of complex 3 to be a consequence of its preorganized, channel-like binding pocket, which accommodates the azide anion via repulsive CH center dot center dot center dot pi interactions …

Steric effectsequilibrium-constantsStereochemistrytransition-metal-complexesCrystal structure010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences[ CHIM ] Chemical Sciencessolvation free-energyInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundtetranuclear nickel(ii) complexes[CHIM.CRIS]Chemical Sciences/CristallographyAntiferromagnetismMolecule[CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistryPhysical and Theoretical Chemistrymu-azidoEquilibrium constantmolecular-structure010405 organic chemistryChemistryLigandni-ii[ CHIM.INOR ] Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistryend-to-end0104 chemical sciencesexchange interactionsCrystallographyAzideGround stateorbital interactions[ CHIM.RADIO ] Chemical Sciences/Radiochemistry
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Cosmic microwave background constraints on secret interactions among sterile neutrinos

2017

Secret contact interactions among eV sterile neutrinos, mediated by a massive gauge boson $X$ (with $M_X \ll M_W$), and characterized by a gauge coupling $g_X$, have been proposed as a mean to reconcile cosmological observations and short-baseline laboratory anomalies. We constrain this scenario using the latest Planck data on Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropies, and measurements of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO). We consistently include the effect of secret interactions on cosmological perturbations, namely the increased density and pressure fluctuations in the neutrino fluid, and still find a severe tension between the secret interaction framework and cosmology. In fact, taking i…

Sterile neutrinoParticle physicsCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)cosmological neutrinosDark matterCosmic microwave backgroundFOS: Physical sciencescosmological neutrinos; cosmological parameters from CMBR; neutrino masses from cosmology; neutrino properties; Astronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics01 natural sciencesNOsymbols.namesakeHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0103 physical sciencesPlanck010303 astronomy & astrophysicsneutrino propertiesPhysicsGauge bosoncosmological neutrino010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::Phenomenologycosmological parameters from CMBRAstronomy and Astrophysicsneutrino masses from cosmologyCoupling (probability)3. Good healthHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology13. Climate actionsymbolsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentBaryon acoustic oscillationsNeutrinoAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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