Search results for "grouping"
showing 10 items of 203 documents
Simple Configuration Effects on Eye Movements in Horizontal Scanning Tasks
2015
When reading text, observers alternate periods of stable gaze (fixations) and shifts of gaze (saccades). An important debate in the literature concerns the processes that drive the control of these eye movements. Past studies using strings of letters rather than meaningful text ('z-reading') suggest that eye movement control during reading is, to a large extent, controlled by low-level image properties. These studies, however, have failed to take into account perceptual grouping processes that could drive these low-level effects. We here study the role of various grouping factors in horizontal scanning eye movements, and compare these to reading meaningful text. The results show that sequen…
The MLE of the mean of the exponential distribution based on grouped data is stochastically increasing
2016
This paper refers to the problem stated by Balakrishnan et al. (2002). They proved that maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) of the exponential mean obtained from grouped samples is stochastically ordered provided that the sequence of the successive distances between inspection times is decreasing. In this paper we show that the assumption of monotonicity of the sequence of distances can be dropped.
Absence of an aging‐related increase in fibre type grouping in athletes and non‐athletes
2020
The ageing‐related loss of muscle mass is thought to be partly attributable to motor neuron loss and motor unit remodelling that result in fibre type grouping. We examined fibre type grouping in 19‐ to 85‐year‐old athletes and non‐athletes and evaluated to which extent any observed grouping is explained by the fibre type composition of the muscle. Since regular physical activity may stimulate reinnervation, we hypothesised that fibre groups are larger in master athletes than in age‐matched non‐athletes. Fibre type grouping was assessed in m. vastus lateralis biopsies from 22 young (19‐27 years) and 35 healthy older (66‐82 years) non‐athletes, and 14 young (20‐29 years), 51 middle‐aged (38‐6…
Blood Transfusion Management for Patients Treated With Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibodies
2018
Daratumumab has proven to be highly efficacious for relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (MM) and has recently been approved in the frontline setting for MM patients ineligible for transplantation. In the future, expanded indications are possible for daratumumab and other anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies in development. For several years, it has been recognized that these therapies interfere with blood bank testing by binding to CD38 on red blood cells and causing panagglutination on the Indirect Antiglobulin Test. This can lead to redundant testing and significant delays in patient care. Given the anticipated increase in utilization of anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies, as well as the tra…
Predicting delayed letter name knowledge and its relation to grade 1 reading achievement in children with and without familial risk for dyslexia
2006
The authors examined the developmental trajectories of children's early letter knowledge in relation to measures spanning and encompassing their prior language-related and cognitive measures and environmental factors and their subsequent Grade 1 reading achievement. Letter knowledge was assessed longitudinally at ages 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, and 6.5 years; earlier language skills and environmental factors were assessed at ages 3.5 and 4.5 years; and reading achievement was assessed at the beginning and end of Grade 1. The analyses were conducted on a longitudinal data set involving children with and without familial risk for dyslexia. Emerging from the trajectory analysis of letter knowledge were 3 …
The Efficient Management of the Material Resources - One ot the most Important Premises in Promoting and Increasing of Business
2011
Even if we are talking about different periods of time, periods in which the economy of the states have met different levels of development, the material resources have maintained their importance and distinctness, no matter what the evolution, activity, or size of the company was. The resort of the materials with everything it includes, supply, management and consumption have been considered a main priority for every kind of management. Not only because the field of the materials is a cvasi permanent one, for all the types of companies, but also because this field could easily represent the basics of what is called profit achievement, competitiveness, efficiency, promotion and development …
Gestalt Theory Rearranged: Back to Wertheimer
2017
Wertheimer's seminal paper of 1923 was of gerat influence in psychology and other sciences. Wertheimer also emphasized the weaknesses of the newborn Gestalt theory: too many basic laws, and the ambiguity of definitions. At the same time, the paper contained potential solutions to these problems, in the form of a number of very important ideas, some of which were presented implicitly: perception through imitation, communicative nature of linear drawings and writings, transfer from the visual domain to motor domain, linguistic interpretation of the Gestalt. In this paper it will be shown that based on these ideas the Gestalt theory can be rearranged so that the main notions can be well define…
The Effects of Melodic Grouping and Meter on Eye Movements during Simple Sight-Reading Tasks
2009
This study concerns the processes of eye movements during simple sight-reading tasks, concentrating on the processing of melodic groups separated by larger intervals and the effects of metrical placement of such groups. Thirty-two participants with varying musical background sight-read eight short melodies in two separate sessions. Eye movements during playing were recorded using an eye-tracker, and the performances on an electric piano with sequencer software. The melodies in question were of two types: melodic groupings were either aligned with the metrical divisions or made to overlap with them. The results indicate that reinspections to previously fixated notes during sight-reading incr…
Higher education teachers’ descriptions of their own learning: a quantitative perspective
2017
In this large-scale study, higher education teachers’ (n = 1028) descriptions of their own learning are examined with quantitative analyses. The study follows up an earlier qualitative study that, using a phenomenographic approach, identified four different ways in which teachers at Finnish universities of applied sciences described their own learning. The purpose of the present study was to find out how teachers’ descriptions were divided into the categories formed in the previous study and to examine whether teachers’ descriptions of their learning differ according to their position, gender and age. The results show that most teachers described their learning as an individual activity. Di…
Perceived teaching efficacy and coeducational vs. single-sex grouping in physical education teachers
2021
In many countries, sex equality is an essential aim of physical education (PE) curricula, while the PE grouping practices are widely hetero-normative. As far as there is a discrepancy between the curricula and practice, equality will not fully take place. This study examined the associations between PE teachers’ perceived teaching efficacy (student engagement, instruction, class management) and preferences for single-sex (i.e. juridical sex) vs. coeducational grouping in PE. The analysis, based on a cross-sectional online survey of 175 Finnish PE teachers, showed that higher perceived class management was associated with the stronger preferences for single-sex PE. Associations of teacher’s …