Search results for "habitu"
showing 10 items of 179 documents
Physiological and agonistic behavioural response of Procambarus clarkii to an acoustic stimulus
2012
Summary This study examined the effects of an acoustic stimulus on the haemolymph and agonistic behaviour of the red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii. The experiment was conducted in a tank equipped with a video recording system using 6 groups (3 control and 3 test groups) of five adult crayfish (30 specimens in total). After one hour of habituation, the behaviour of the crayfish was monitored for two hours. During the second hour, the animals in the test groups were exposed to a linear sweep (frequency range 0.1-25 kHz; peak amplitude 148 dBrms re 1 µPa at 12 kHz) acoustic stimulus for 30 minutes. Exposure to the noise produced significant variations in haemato-immunological parameters a…
The endocannabinoid system in anxiety, fear memory and habituation.
2011
Evidence for the involvement of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in anxiety and fear has been accumulated, providing leads for novel therapeutic approaches. In anxiety, a bidirectional influence of the ECS has been reported, whereby anxiolytic and anxiogenic responses have been obtained after both increases and decreases of the endocannabinoid tone. The recently developed genetic tools have revealed different but complementary roles for the cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor on GABAergic and glutamatergic neuronal populations. This dual functionality, together with the plasticity of CB1 receptor expression, particularly on GABAergic neurons, as induced by stressful and rewarding experiences…
Within-session sensitization and between-session habituation: A robust physiological response to repetitive painful heat stimulation
2011
Habituation and sensitization are important behavioural responses to repeated exposure of painful stimuli. Whereas within-session response dynamics to nociceptive stimuli is well characterized, little is known about long-term behaviour due to repetitive nociceptive stimulation. We used a standardized longitudinal heat pain paradigm in 66 healthy participants, 21 patients with chronic low back pain and 22 patients with depression who received daily sessions of 60 suprathreshold heat stimuli (48 °C each) for eight consecutive days. All three groups showed the same response: Repeated painful stimulation over several days resulted in substantially decreased pain ratings to identical painful sti…
An empirical test of Sokolov's entropy model of the orienting response.
1974
Several hypotheses, most of them deduced from Sokolov's entropy model of the Orienting Response (OR), were tested. The Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) served as the indicator of the OR. Printed language, analyzed with regard to the information content in bits, was used as stimulus material. Forty-eight female students served as subjects. The results indicate: (1) that the uncertainty of a situation does not determine the strength of the OR, (2) that the strength of the OR depends on the information carried by an event, and (3) that the processing of this information, as indicated by the OR, may be delayed by one or more events in a serial application. For tonic level over a series of events no…
La calidad periodística mediante el análisis del discurso de los profesionales de la información
2015
La investigación indaga las opiniones de los periodistas sobre la influencia de los cambios en el campo periodístico en las últimas décadas, es decir, qué opinan los periodistas sobre lo que permanece, lo que ha desaparecido y aquello que es nuevo. La base teórica se fundamenta en la teoría del campo y del habitus de Pierre Bourdieu y en el análisis de la estructura comunicativa desde las perspectivas económica, sociológica, históricopolítica y tecnológica. Se han aplicado una serie de métodos complementarios: análisis cualitativo de entrevistas en profundidad y análisis pragmadialéctico de los argumentos de los periodistas entorno al concepto de calidad periodística The research investigat…
Recognition of familiarity on the basis of howls: a playback experiment in a captive group of wolves
2015
Playback experiments were conducted with a pack of captive Iberian wolves. We used a habituation–discrimination paradigm to test wolves’ ability to discriminate howls based on: (1) artificial manipulation of acoustic parameters of howls and (2) the identity of howling individuals. Manipulations in fundamental frequency and frequency modulation within the natural range of intra-individual howl variation did not elicit dishabituation, while manipulation of modulation pattern did produce dishabituation. With respect to identity, across trials wolves habituated to unfamiliar howls by a familiar wolf (i.e., no direct contact, but previous exposure to howls by this wolf), but not to unfamiliar ho…
Conditioned orienting (alpha) and delayed behavioral and evoked neural responses during classical conditioning
1989
A differentiation of short-latency (alpha) and long-latency (delayed) classically conditioned behavioral and evoked neural (hippocampal) responses was attempted. Further, facilitation and retardation of these responses were studied in an experimental design in which 10 paired conditioning sessions either preceded (CC-CO group) or followed (CO-CC group) 10 randomly unpaired presentations of conditioned stimuli (CS) and unconditioned stimuli (UCS). A 2024-ms tone (1000 Hz) was delivered directly through a miniature earphone to the left ear, eliciting an orienting head movement ('alpha' response) to the left. The unconditioned stimulus (UCS) was a direct 1024-ms stimulation of the lateral hypo…
Sustracción internacional de menores. Asunto vinculado con Suiza y España. Comentario de la sentencia de la Audiencia Provincial de Pontevedra (Secci…
2019
Resumen: Sustracción internacional a España de menor residente en Suiza en aplicación del Convenio de La Haya de 1980 sobre los aspectos civiles de la sustracción internacional de menores. Discrepancia sobre la residencia habitual del menor. No se aprecian motivos de no retorno.Palabras clave: sustracción internacional de menores, Convenio de La Haya sobre sustracción, Convenio de La Haya sobre responsabilidad parental y protección de menores, residencia habitualAbstract: International abduction to Spain of a minor residing in Switzerland under the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction of 1980. Discrepancy about the habitual residence of the minor. No gro…
Bourdieu and Social Movements: Considering Identity Movements in terms of Field, Capital and Habitus
2013
This article examines the explanatory capacity of Pierre Bourdieu's work in relation to social movements and, in particular, identity movements. It aims to provide a theoretical framework drawing on Bourdieu's central concepts of field, capital and habitus. These concepts are viewed as providing a theoretical toolkit that can be applied to convincingly explain aspects of social movements that social movement theories, such as political process theory, resource mobilization theory and framing, acknowledge, but are not able to explain within a single theoretical framework. Identity movements are approached here in a way that relates them to the position agents/movements occupy in social space…
Understanding of Mendelian Inheritance Model after conventional teaching methods in Secondary Education students
2015
Mostrar que una nueva propuesta de enseñanza produce mejores actitudes y aprendizajes en los alumnos requiere disponer de un análisis de lo que se hace y se consigue con la enseñanza habitual. Para realizar dicho análisis se ha efectuado un estudio histórico y epistemológico de la evolución de las ideas en genética clásica, identificando los problemas que están en su origen, las ideas que permitieron avanzar y los obstáculos que hubo que superar. Como resultado de dicho estudio se han seleccionado un conjunto de indicadores de aprendizaje que deberían manifestarse en aquellas personas que hubieran comprendido los aspectos esenciales del modelo de herencia mendeliana, que se imparte en 4º de…