Search results for "haemoglobin"

Peri-operative red blood cell transfusion in neonates and infants: NEonate and Children audiT of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe: A prospective Europe…

2022

BACKGROUND Little is known about current clinical practice concerning peri-operative red blood cell transfusion in neonates and small infants. Guidelines suggest transfusions based on haemoglobin thresholds ranging from 8.5 to 12���g���dl-1, distinguishing between children from birth to day 7 (week 1), from day 8 to day 14 (week 2) or from day 15 (���week 3) onwards. OBJECTIVE To observe peri-operative red blood cell transfusion practice according to guidelines in relation to patient outcome. DESIGN A multicentre observational study. SETTING The NEonate-Children sTudy of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe (NECTARINE) trial recruited patients up to 60 weeks' postmenstrual age undergoing anaesthe…

Cytoprotective effects of the antioxidant phytochemical indicaxanthin in beta-thalassemia red blood cells

2006

Antioxidant phytochemicals are investigated as novel treatments for supportive therapy in beta-thalassemia. The dietary indicaxanthin was assessed for its protective effects on human beta-thalassemic RBCs submitted in vitro to oxidative haemolysis by cumene hydroperoxide. Indicaxanthin at 1.0-10 microM enhanced the resistance to haemolysis dose-dependently. In addition, it prevented lipid and haemoglobin (Hb) oxidation, and retarded vitamin E and GSH depletion. After ex vivo spiking of blood from thalassemia patients with indicaxanthin, the phytochemical was recovered in the soluble cell compartment of the RBCs. A spectrophotometric study showed that indicaxanthin can reduce perferryl-Hb ge…

Adaptations to long-term apnoea training

2010

TISSUE OXYGENATION AND TISSUE METABOLISM IN THE BRAIN CORTEX DURING PRONOUNCED ARTERIAL HYPOCAPNIA

1981

Publisher Summary This chapter describes the tissue oxygenation and tissue metabolism in the brain cortex during pronounced arterial hypocapnia. Acute arterial hypocapnia induced by hyperventilation leads to typical reactions in the circulation and the metabolism of the brain tissue. With a lowering of arterial CO2 tension, the cerebro-vascular resistance (CVR) increases resulting in a decrease of cerebral blood flow. The changes in CVR are a consequence of decreasing hydrogen ion and potassium ion concentrations in the perivascular space of the brain arterioles. The corresponding changes in the brain metabolism are characterized by elevated concentrations of lactate and pyruvate and an inc…

Tumor Oxygenation Under Normobaric and Hyperbaric Hyperoxia

1997

Tumor hypoxia is an important factor limiting the efficiency of sparsely ionizing ra-diation and O2-dependent chemotherapy. Since the tumor pO2 is the result of a dynamic steady state between oxygen supply and O2 consumption of the tumor tissue, hypoxia could be reduced either by increasing the O2-supply or by reducing the O2 demand of the tumor cells. The O2 supply can be improved for instance by (i) increasing the arterial oxy-gen partial pressure, (ii) improving (and homogenizing) the tumor perfusion, or (iii) en-hancing the O2 release from blood into the tissue by right-shifting the HbO2 dissociation curve. Theoretically, it should also be possible to improve tumor oxygenation by a rela…

Pharmacotherapy quality and patient safety in haemodialysis patients treated with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents

2008

Abstract Objective To assess an interdisciplinary programme for the improvement of pharmacotherapy quality and patient safety in patients with chronic renal disease who are treated with erythropoiesisstimulating agents. Method Observational, longitudinal study. Retrospective analysis (period A) and prospective analysis (period B) following implementation of the programme for haemoglobin values and monthly erythropoiesisstimulating agent dosage. The proportion of patients with haemoglobin values within the target range (10-5-12.5 g/dL) and those with values above the safety limit (≥12.5 g/dL) were compared every 4 months and the average percentage of time with haemoglobin values within the t…

Does Oxygen Content Play a Role in Spontaneous Closure of Perimembranous Ventricular Septal Defects?

2021

(1) Background: the impact of a series of laboratory parameters (haemoglobin, haematocrit, foetal haemoglobin, peripheral oxygen saturation, iron, transferrin, ferritin, and albumin) on perimembranous ventricular septal defects spontaneous healing was tested. (2) Methods: one hundred and seven patients were enrolled in the study (57% males; mean age 2.1 ± 0.4 years) and were subsequently subdivided into two groups: self-healing (n = 36) and in need of intervention (n = 71). Self-healing subjects were defined on the basis of an absence of residual shunts at colorDoppler across the previous defect. (3) Results: no statistically significant differences were reported in the size of perimembrano…

Rapid hemodilution induced by desmopressin after erythropoietin administration in humans

2011

We have shown that treatment with desmopressin has a very effective hemodilution effect in healthy humans. These results led us to suggest the possible role of desmopressin to mask blood doping in sports. Based on our results, the World Anti-Doping Agency included the desmopressin in the 2011 List of Prohibited Substances and Methods. On this occasion, the aim of our study was to test the desmopressin-induced hemodilution after rHuEpo administration in humans. This was an intra-subject, crossover study in which five physically active males acted as their own controls. A basal blood sample was taken on their first visit to the laboratory. The next day, the subjects began the treatment. They …

The Relationship between an Oxidative Stress Biomarker and Plasma Haemoglobin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

2010

Introduction: Evidence suggests that decreased haemoglobin plasma concentration may be a predictor of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We hypothesized that in CKD patients, oxidative stress could influence the development of cardiovascular damage via a relationship with haemoglobin levels. Methods: We assayed plasma levels of the biomarker of oxidative stress 8-ISO-prostaglandin F2α (8-ISO-PGF2α) and of haemoglobin in 193 stage 2–5 CKD patients, investigating their relationship. Eighty healthy subjects and 80 patients with primary hypertension having normal renal function were enrolled as controls. Results: The CKD group was divided according to 8…

Continuous subcutaneous Insulin infusion leads to immediate, table, and long-term changes in metabolic control

2008

Background:  Evaluations of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) usually focus on one pre- and one post-CSII measurement to assess metabolic therapy outcome. Aim:  Extending this research, the aim of the present study was to provide a more fine-grained analysis of achieved glycaemic control. Methods:  In 52 patients with type 1 diabetes (mean age of 37.85 years at CSII begin; s.d. ± 12.41), haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were assessed every 3 months over a period of 5 years (1 year before and 4 years after the introduction of CSII). Mixed models were utilized to describe changes in glycaemic control. Results:  The pre–post course showed that already in the first quarter, a statis…