Search results for "halu"

Delayed brain reexpansion in schizophrenic patient affected by trabecular type chronic subdural hematoma

2021

Background: Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) represents a complex and unpredictable disease, characterized by high morbidity and mortality, especially in elderly patients. Factors affecting the postoperative brain reexpansion along to cSDH recurrence have not been yet adequately investigated. The authors presented the case of a schizophrenic patient affected by trabecular type cSDH that presented a delayed brain reexpansion despite a craniotomy and membranotomy. Case Description: A 51-year-old female patient with diagnosis of schizophrenia was admitted to the emergency department with GCS score of 5/15 and right anisocoria. An urgent brain CT revealed a trabecular right cSDH (35 mm in maxi…

Concept and Treatment of Hydrocephalus in the Greco-Roman and Early Arabic Medicine

2007

In the ancient medical literature hydrocephalus was not often described although its existence and symptomatology were well known. Most detailed descriptions of hydrocephalus including the surgical treatment are extant in the encyclopaedic works on medicine of the physicians Oreibasios and Aetios from Amida from the 4th and 6th centuries AD, respectively. Because of their broad scientific interests, this type of physicians, typical for the late Roman empire, were known as philosophy-physicians (iota alpha tau rho o sigma o phi iota sigma tau alpha iota). They defined hydrocephalus in contrast to our present understanding as a fluid collection excluding abscesses visible as a bulging tumour …

Craniopharyngiomas in Children - Experience of Consecutive 152 Operated Cases

2020

Context Craniopharyngiomas (CPH) are benign tumors, rarely encountered in children, representing 5-6% of all intracranial tumors. Objective This study aimed to analyze the surgical management and quality of life in a series of CPH pediatric cases. Design This was a multicenter study performed over a 25-year period (1994 - 2019) in Bucharest. Subjects and methods 152 children (0-17 years old) were treated for CPH. Preoperative manifestations were intracranial hypertension, endocrine dysfunction, visual impairment, ataxia, intellectual performance decrease. Results Considering all surgical approaches used, we advocate for pterional approach to best fit in CPH. We achieved gross-total removal …

The actual state of computerized tomography (CT)-computer assisted tomography (CAT).

1977

The subway tunneling technique for distal shunt catheter insertion.

2019

Dear Editor,We read with interest the article by Osman et al. titled ‘Trocar assisted distal shunt tube insertion with intra-operative X-Ray confirmation’. The authors purpose their technique to pl...

Role of prenatal magnetic resonance imaging in fetuses with isolated severe ventriculomegaly at neurosonography: A multicenter study.

2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to report the rate of additional anomalies detected exclusively at prenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in fetuses with isolated severe ventriculomegaly undergoing neurosonography. Method: Multicenter, retrospective, cohort study involving 20 referral fetal medicine centers in Italy, United Kingdom, Spain and Denmark. Inclusion criteria were fetuses affected by isolated severe ventriculomegaly (≥15 mm), defined as ventriculomegaly with normal karyotype and no other additional central nervous system (CNS) and extra-CNS anomalies on ultrasound. In all cases, a multiplanar assessment of fetal brain as suggested by ISUOG guidelines on fetal neurosonogra…

Neumoencefalo a tensión tras herida en cuero cabelludo en portadora de válvula de derivación ventrículo-peritoneal: caso clínico y revisión de la lit…

2009

El neumoencéfalo se produce la mayoría de las veces por una solución de continuidad en el cráneo e incluso en las meninges. En ocasiones, ciertos factores pueden hacer que éste adopte las características de un neumoencéfalo a tensión provocando una clínica neurológica severa. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 66 años portadora de una doble válvula de derivación ventrículo-peritoneal que acude a Urgencias con un cuadro de hipertensión intracraneal y que tras la exploración física y la tomografía computarizada se detecta una herida en cuero cabelludo y un neumoencéfalo a tensión. Este defecto en piel se hallaba justo en la zona del borde de una plastia craneal colocada tras la resección …

Mesencephalic ependymal cysts: treatment under pure endoscopic or endoscope–assisted keyhole conditions

2008

Object Primary intracranial ependymal cysts are extremely rare. Similar to congenital intraparenchymal cysts in the mesencephalon they usually occur with symptoms of an occlusive hydrocephalus or symptoms like Parinaud syndrome, dizziness, or gait disturbance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the surgical methods for the treatment of these cysts and the clinical outcome of the patients. Methods The authors present the clinical records of 8 patients who were treated in their department for symptomatic mesencephalic ependymal cysts in the past 10 years. The patient age ranged from 22 to 60 years with a mean age of 44 years. In 4 cases the authors performed a suboccipital infratent…

Clinical and ultrastructural observations of maturing human frontal cortex. Part I (Biopsy material of hydrocephalic infants).

1988

Three of 30 human cerebral cortex biopsies from infants treated for hydrocephalus by shunt operation are described. The descriptions include an account of their case history, the clinical methods, and the operational procedures. The biopsy specimens were studied in semithin and ultrathin sections. Attention is drawn to normal synapse formation but also to neuronal degenerative changes due to hydrocephalus.

A nonlinear biomechanical model for evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid shunt systems.

1994

In view of complications arising from physical properties of cerebrospinal fluid shunts, a biomechanical model of hydrocephalus was set up to study in vivo parameters that may influence their function. These include: intracranial pressure, compliance and pulses, intrathoracic, intra-abdominal, and subcutaneous pressures, and the effects of siphonage and repeated valve flushing. Each of these factors was studied separately upon shunt implantation in the model. Results of testing of a sample low-pressure valve with antisiphon device conformed with consumer information in regard to valve opening pressure and pressure flow measurements. No customer information, however, was supplied concerning …