Search results for "harm"
showing 10 items of 13866 documents
Respiratory Syncytial Virus: New Challenges for Molecular Epidemiology Surveillance and Vaccination Strategy in Patients with ILI/SARI.
2021
Several respiratory pathogens are responsible for influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe respiratory infections (SARI), among which human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) represents one of the most common aetiologies. We analysed the hRSV prevalence among subjects with ILI or SARI during the five influenza seasons before the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Sicily (Italy). Respiratory specimens from ILI outpatients and SARI inpatients were collected in the framework of the Italian Network for the Influenza Surveillance and molecularly tested for hRSV-A and hRSV-B. Overall, 8.1% of patients resulted positive for hRSV. Prevalence peaked in the age-groups <
Effect of Intravenous IgM-Enriched Immunoglobulins on Presepsin and Other Sepsis Biomarkers
2021
Patients in septic shock with low IgG and IgM serum concentrations have higher mortality rates compared to those with normal immunoglobulin levels and, therefore, there is a rational explanation to administer intravenous IgM-enriched immunoglobulins to septic patients in ICU. Aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of intravenous IgM-enriched immunoglobulins in decreasing several sepsis biomarker concentrations. 26 sepsis patients were enrolled in this observational cohort study and Nitric Oxide, Endocan, Pentraxin and presepsin serum levels were measured during their first 3 days of ICU stay. The use of intravenous IgM-enriched immunoglobulins did not influence the temporal evol…
Does anti-inflammatory drugs modify the severe odontogenic infection prognosis? A 10-year’s experience
2020
Background Numerous biochemical datas support the noxious role of anti-inflammatory drugs on immune response. Those observations are often put forward for unfavorable evolution of odontogenic infection but has never been really proven in clinic. The aim of this study is to try to clarify this role based on the collection of the clinical course of odontogenic infections over a 10-year analysis period. Material and Methods The investigators implemented a prospective observational study. The sample was composed of patients managed between January 2004 and December 2014 for severe odontogenic infection based on three criteria: hospital admission, intravenous antibiotic therapy, tooth extraction…
Co-loading of finasteride and baicalin in phospholipid vesicles tailored for the treatment of hair disorders
2020
[EN] Hair loss affects a large number of people worldwide and it has a negative impact on the quality of life. Despite the availability of different drugs for the treatment of hair disorders, therapeutic options are still limited and scarcely effective. An innovative strategy to improve the efficacy of alopecia treatment is presented in this work. Finasteride, the only oral synthetic drug approved by Unites States Federal Drug Administration, was loaded in phospholipid vesicles. In addition, baicalin was co-loaded as an adjuvant. Their effect on hair growth was evaluatedin vitroandin vivo. Liposomes, hyalurosomes, glycerosomes and glycerol-hyalurosomes were manufactured by using a simple me…
Unusual oxygen binding behavior of a 24-meric crustacean hemocyanin.
2009
Abstract Hemocyanins from Crustacea usually are found as 1 × 6 or 2 × 6-meric assemblies. An exception is the hemocyanin isolated from thalassinidean shrimps where the main component is a 24-meric structure. Our analysis of oxygen binding data of the thalassinidean shrimp Upogebia pusilla based on a three-state MWC-model revealed that despite the 24-meric structure the functional properties can be described very well based on the hexamer as allosteric unit. In contrast to the hemocyanins from other thalassinidean shrimps the oxygen affinity of hemocyanin from U. pusilla is increased upon addition of l -lactate. A particular feature of this hemocyanin seems to be that l -lactate already enha…
Inhibition of the NF-κB Signaling Pathway Mediates the Anti-inflammatory Effects of Petrosaspongiolide M
2003
Petrosaspongiolide M (PT) is a potent secretory phospholipase A(2) inhibitor and anti-inflammatory agent. This marine metabolite reduced the production of nitrite, prostaglandin E(2), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the mouse air pouch injected with zymosan. These effects were also observed in mouse peritoneal macrophages stimulated with zymosan. Inhibition of these inflammatory mediators was related to reductions in inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclo-oxygenase-2, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression. Since nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) appears to play a central role in the transcriptional regulation of these proteins by macrophages, we investigated the effects of PT on thi…
The molecular basis of cancer immunotherapy by cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
1998
The disappointing clinical results of cancer immunotherapy of the past few decades have not diminished the optimism about the potential of the new generation of immunotherapeutic strategies towards treatment of malignant disease. Tremendous progress has been made over recent years in unveiling the molecular basis of antigen presentation and recognition by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). The molecular concepts that have emerged from these studies have led to the design of novel anticancer vaccines and CTL-based immunotherapeutics. This review is to highlight the current molecular insights of antigen presentation and CTL recognition/activation, and their impact on the rational design of therap…
Clinical implications ofCYP3Apolymorphisms
2006
Due to their enormous substrate spectrum CYP3A4, -3A5 and -3A7 constitute the most important drug-metabolising enzyme subfamily in humans. CYP3As are expressed predominantly, but not exclusively, in the liver and intestine, where they participate in the metabolism of 45 - 60% of currently used drugs and many other compounds such as steroids and carcinogens. CYP3A expression and activity vary interindividually due to a combination of genetic and nongenetic factors such as hormone and health status, and the impact of environmental stimuli. Over the past several years, genetic determinants have been identified for much of the variable expression of CYP3A5 and -3A7, but not for CYP3A4. Using th…
Intravenous SPION-labeled adipocyte-derived stem cells targeted to the brain by magnetic attraction in a rat stroke model: An ultrastructural insight…
2021
Abstract Mesenchymal stem cell therapy after stroke is a promising option investigated in animal models and clinical trials. The intravenous route is commonly used in clinical settings guaranteeing an adequate safety profile although low yields of engraftment. In this report, rats subjected to ischemic stroke were injected with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) applying an external magnetic field in the skull to retain the cells. Although most published studies demonstrate viability of ADSCs, only a few have used ultrastructural techniques. In our study, the application of a local magnetic force resulted in a tendency for hig…
Novel Combination of Sorafenib and Celecoxib Provides Synergistic Anti-Proliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Effects in Human Liver Cancer Cells
2013
Molecular targeted therapy has shown promise as a treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor, recently received FDA approval for the treatment of advanced HCC. However, although sorafenib is well tolerated, concern for its safety has been expressed. Celecoxib (Celebrex®) is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor which exhibits antitumor effects in human HCC cells. The present study examined the interaction between celecoxib and sorafenib in two human liver tumor cell lines HepG2 and Huh7. Our data showed that each inhibitor alone reduced cell growth and the combination of celecoxib with sorafenib synergistically inhibited cell growth an…