Search results for "harmonic"

showing 10 items of 984 documents

A fully automated method for accurate measurement of geometrical distortion in magnetic resonance imaging of a 3D-lattice phantom

2019

Abstract This paper describes an automated method for extracting the apparent positions of fiducial points from 2D or 3D images of a phantom. We consider a 3D-lattice phantom for two main reasons: first, ease of manufacture and isotropy of its structure with respect to coordinate projections; second, a connected structure allowing to uniquely assess the adjacency relationship between fiducial points even if geometric distortions arising from main magnet inhomogeneity and gradient fields non-linearity is severe as observed in open-bore systems. In order to validate our proposed method and compare different choices for the parameters of our phantom (i.e. number and distance between grids and …

Offset (computer science)RegistrationImage qualityComputer scienceBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsImage enhancement/restoration (noise and artifact reduction)Signal-To-Noise RatioImaging phantomPattern Recognition Automated030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencesImaging Three-Dimensional0302 clinical medicineSoftwareRobustness (computer science)HumansComputer SimulationRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI)Fiducial point localizationElectronic Data ProcessingPhantoms ImagingSettore ING-INF/03 - Telecomunicazionibusiness.industryAirSpherical harmonicsModels TheoreticalMagnetic Resonance ImagingPhantom designPersonal computerAdjacency listbusinessAlgorithmSoftware030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMagnetic Resonance Imaging
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Geometric Measurement Analysis Versus Fourier Series Analysis for Shape Characterization Using the Gastropod Shell (Trivia) as an Example

2003

Varied and efficient methods have been developed to describe and quantify natural objects. The most common ones use superimposition techniques (e.g. Procrustes methods; Bookstein, 1991), decomposition into harmonics (Fourier series and functions, wavelets; Anstey and Delmet, 1973; Christopher and Waters, 1974; Gevirtz, 1976; Lestrel, 1997; Toubin and others, 1999; Verrecchia, Van Grootel, and Guillemet, 1996; Younger and Ehrlich, 1977), analysis of spiral functions (e.g. Raup parameters; Raup, 1961, 1966; Tursch, 1998), and combinations of parameters from elementary geometry (e.g. circularity index, lengthening; Coster and Chermant, 1989; Schmidt-Kittler, 1986; Viriot, Chaline, and Schaaf, …

OpacityGeometryGastropod shellsymbols.namesakeMathematics (miscellaneous)WaveletFourier transformHarmonicsEarth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)symbolsSuperimpositionPhysical geographyFourier seriesWhorl (botany)Mathematics
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Towards CEP stable sub two cycle IR pulse compression with bulk material

2010

We demonstrate both experimentally and numerically that self-steepening during propagation in a hollow-fiber followed by linear propagation through glass in the anomalous dispersion enables pulse compression down to 1.9 cycles at 1.8 micron wavelength.

Optical amplifierFemtosecond pulse shapingMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsSecond-harmonic generationAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsWavelengthOpticsPulse compressionOptoelectronicsHigh harmonic generationHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentbusinessSelf-phase modulationBandwidth-limited pulseFrontiers in Optics 2010/Laser Science XXVI
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Backward frequency doubling of near infrared picosecond pulses.

2014

We report on backward second-harmonic generation using ps laser pulses in congruent lithium niobate with 3.2 µm periodic poling. Three resonant peaks were measured between 1530 and 1730 nm, corresponding to 16th, 17th and 18th quasi-phase-matching orders in the backward configuration, with a conversion efficiency of 4.75 x 10(-5%)/W for the 16th order. We could also discriminate the contributions from inverted domains randomized in duty-cycle.

Optical amplifierMaterials sciencebusiness.industryLithium niobateEnergy conversion efficiencyNonlinear OpticSecond-harmonic generationSettore ING-INF/02 - Campi ElettromagneticiLaserHarmonic generation and mixingSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundOpticschemistryPeriodic polinglawParametric ProcessePicosecondPicosecond phenomenabusinessPhase conjugationOptics express
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Grating-assisted third-harmonic generation in photonic crystal fibers using a pulse pump

2011

We demonstrate that quasi-phase-matching of the third-harmonic generation process can be obtained for a pulse pump in the photonic crystal fiber with a refractive-index grating. Conversion efficiency is calculated numerically using a system of coupled generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equations. We propose a special design of the microstructured fiber for the third-harmonic generation and analyze different phenomena limiting the maximum efficiency for short (femtosecond) and long (picosecond) pump pulses. Moreover, we show that a certain level of a group-velocity mismatch between the pump and the third harmonic can increase the maximum efficiency in the long pulse regime.

Optical fiberMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsNonlinear opticsSecond-harmonic generationStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsGratingCoupled mode theoryAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPulse (physics)law.inventionOpticslawFemtosecondOptoelectronicsbusinessPhotonic-crystal fiberJournal of the Optical Society of America B
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Soft proton exchanged channel waveguides in congruent lithium tantalate for frequency doubling

2010

We report on stable optical waveguides fabricated by soft-proton exchange in periodically-poled congruent lithium tantalate in the a-phase. The channel waveguides are characterized in the telecom wavelength range in terms of both linear properties and frequency doubling. The measurements yield a nonlinear coefficient of about 9.5pm/V, demonstrating that the nonlinear optical properties of lithium tantalate are left nearly unaltered by the process. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America

Optical frequency multiplierMaterials scienceProtonPhysics::OpticsTantalumLithiumNonlinear opticalchemistry.chemical_compoundOpticsbusiness.industrySecond-harmonic generationOxidesEquipment DesignSurface Plasmon ResonanceAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsEquipment Failure AnalysisNonlinear systemRefractometrychemistryNonlinear DynamicsYield (chemistry)Lithium tantalateComputer-Aided DesignChannel (broadcasting)ProtonsbusinessNonlinear optics Integrated optics materials Waveguides Nonlinear optical devices
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Triple excitation effects in coupled-cluster calculations of frequency-dependent hyperpolarizabilities

1998

Abstract We describe an implementation of an analytic scheme for the calculation of static and dynamical first hyperpolarizabilities at the CC3 level in the framework of coupled-cluster response theory. Calculations are reported for the static, the second harmonic generation, and the optical rectification hyperpolarizabilities of FH. The results indicate the importance of triple excitation effects for accurate theoretical predictions of hyperpolarizabilities and lend further support to previous contentions that an experimental value for the second harmonic generation hyperpolarizabilities of FH should be reconsidered.

Optical rectificationCoupled clusterChemistryPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersGeneral Physics and AstronomyValue (computer science)Second-harmonic generationPhysics::Atomic PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsExcitationChemical Physics Letters
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Guaranteed lower bounds for cost functionals of time-periodic parabolic optimization problems

2019

In this paper, a new technique is shown for deriving computable, guaranteed lower bounds of functional type (minorants) for two different cost functionals subject to a parabolic time-periodic boundary value problem. Together with previous results on upper bounds (majorants) for one of the cost functionals, both minorants and majorants lead to two-sided estimates of functional type for the optimal control problem. Both upper and lower bounds are derived for the second new cost functional subject to the same parabolic PDE-constraints, but where the target is a desired gradient. The time-periodic optimal control problems are discretized by the multiharmonic finite element method leading to lar…

Optimization problemtime-periodic conditionmultiharmonic finite element methodDiscretizationtwo-sided boundsSystems and Control (eess.SY)010103 numerical & computational mathematicsSystem of linear equationsElectrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control01 natural sciencesUpper and lower boundsSaddle pointFOS: MathematicsFOS: Electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringApplied mathematicsMathematics - Numerical AnalysisBoundary value problem0101 mathematicsMathematics - Optimization and ControlMathematicsosittaisdifferentiaaliyhtälöt35Kxx 65M60 65M70 65M15 65K10parabolic optimal control problemsNumerical Analysis (math.NA)matemaattinen optimointiOptimal controlFinite element method010101 applied mathematicsComputational MathematicsComputational Theory and MathematicsOptimization and Control (math.OC)Modeling and Simulationa posteriori error analysisnumeerinen analyysiguaranteed lower boundsComputers & Mathematics with Applications
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Spin up and phase fluctuations in the timing of the accreting millisecond pulsar XTE J1807-294

2007

We performed a timing analysis of the 2003 outburst of the accreting X-ray millisecond pulsar XTE J1807-294 observed by RXTE. Using recently refined orbital parameters we report for the first time a precise estimate of the spin frequency and of the spin frequency derivative. The phase delays of the pulse profile show a strong erratic behavior superposed to what appears as a global spin-up trend. The erratic behavior of the pulse phases is strongly related to rapid variations of the light curve, making it very difficult to fit these phase delays with a simple law. As in previous cases, we have therefore analyzed separately the phase delays of the first harmonic and of the second harmonic of …

Orbital elementsPhysicsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics (astro-ph)Phase (waves)Static timing analysisFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsLight curveAstrophysicsPulsars: General Stars: Pulsars: Individual: Alphanumeric: XTE J1807-294 Stars: Magnetic Fields Stars: Neutron X-Rays: Binaries [Stars]Pulse (physics)Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaSpace and Planetary ScienceMillisecond pulsarHarmonicStars: Pulsars: General Stars: Pulsars: Individual: Alphanumeric: XTE J1807-294 Stars: Magnetic Fields Stars: Neutron X-Rays: BinariesSpin-½
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Timing of the accreting millisecond pulsar IGR~J17511--3057

2010

{Timing analysis of Accretion-powered Millisecond Pulsars (AMPs) is a powerful tool to probe the physics of compact objects. The recently discovered \newigrj is the 12 discovered out of the 13 AMPs known. The Rossi XTE satellite provided an extensive coverage of the 25 days-long observation of the source outburst.} {Our goal is to investigate the complex interaction between the neutron star magnetic field and the accretion disk, determining the angular momentum exchange between them. The presence of a millisecond coherent flux modulation allows us to investigate such interaction from the study of pulse arrival times. In order to separate the neutron star proper spin frequency variations fro…

Orbital elementsPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)MillisecondAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaPhase (waves)Order (ring theory)FOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsNeutron starSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaAmplitudeSpace and Planetary ScienceMillisecond pulsarHarmonicAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenastars neutron stars magnetic field pulsars general pulsars individual IGR J17511-3057 X-rays binaries
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