Search results for "health care economics and organizations"
showing 10 items of 669 documents
Returns to Childbirth Technologies: Evidence from Preterm Births
2013
We investigate the impact of obstetrician supervision, as opposed to midwife supervision, on the short-term health of low-risk newborns. We exploit a unique policy rule in the Netherlands that creates a large discontinuity in the probability of a low-risk birth being attended by an obstetrician at gestational week 37. Using a fuzzy regression discontinuity design, we consistently find no health benefits from obstetrician supervision, despite increased rates of neonatal intensive care unit admissions among births supervised by obstetricians. These results indicate potential cost savings from increased use of midwifery care for low-risk deliveries.
Perioperative care of the elderly oncology patient: A report from the SIOG task force on the perioperative care of older patients with cancer
2012
Abstract The increasing number of older cancer patients seen in daily practice demands reflection on how to optimize their care during the perioperative period. Optimally tailored surgical management, at present the most successful cancer treatment, firmly rests on an accurate and careful anesthesiological management. The unique peculiarities of anesthesia in older cancer patients prompted the International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG) to put together a panel of international experts with the aim of reviewing the literature and drafting a consensus document. This article summarizes their views.
Cost-effectiveness of bedaquiline in MDR and XDR tuberculosis in Italy
2016
ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of bedaquiline plus background drug regimens (BR) for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) in Italy. Methods: A Markov model was adapted to the Italian setting to estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of bedaquiline plus BR (BBR) versus BR in the treatment of MDR-TB and XDR-TB over 10 years, from both the National Health Service (NHS) and societal perspective. Cost-effectiveness was evaluated in terms of life-years gained (LYG). Clinical data were sourced from trials; resource consumption for compared treatments was modelled according to advice from an expert c…
CPR - Guidelines 2000. Neue internationale Richtlinien für die kardiopulmonale Reanimation
2001
The "Guidelines 2000 for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. An International Consensus an Science" are the first true international CPR guidelines in the history of resuscitation medicine. Experts from major international resuscitation organizations (International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation, ILCOR) achieved a consensus of recommendations which had to pass a rigorous review procedure applying the tools of evidence-based medicine: all proposed guidelines or guideline changes had to be based on critically appraised pieces of evidence which had to be integrated into a final class of recommendations. The most important changes compared to previous recommenda…
A Phase 1b, Dose-Finding Study Of Ruxolitinib Plus Panobinostat In Patients With Primary Myelofibrosis (PMF), Post–Polycythemia Vera MF (PPV-MF), Or …
2013
Abstract Background Myelofibrosis (MF) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm associated with progressive, debilitating symptoms that impact patient quality of life (QoL) and reduce survival. Ruxolitinib (RUX), a potent dual JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor, demonstrated superiority in spleen volume and symptom reduction, improved health-related QoL measures, and prolonged survival compared with traditional therapies or placebo in the phase 3 COMFORT studies. Panobinostat (PAN) is a potent oral pan-deacetylase inhibitor (DACi) that inhibits JAK pathway signaling through increased acetylation of the JAK2 protein chaperone HSP90. In phase 1/2 studies in MF, PAN has shown reduction in splenomegaly and JAK2 V617F…
Optimal savings and health spending over the life cycle
2010
This paper investigates the relationship between saving and health spending in a two-period overlapping generations economy. Individuals work in the first period of life and live in retirement in old age. Health spending is an activity that increases quality of life and longevity. Empirical evidence shows that both health spending and saving behave as luxury goods but their behaviour differs markedly according to the level of per capita GDP. The share of saving on GDP has a concave shape with respect to per capita GDP, whereas the share of health spending on GDP increases more than proportionally with respect to per capita GDP. The ratio of saving to spending is nonlinear with respect to in…
Are we really seeing the total costs of surgical site infections? A Spanish study.
2007
To identify overall costs generated by surgical site infections (SSI) patients, including indirect costs. A prospective study of case series of patients who have undergone major surgical treatment was undertaken. Patients who suffered SSI were compared with controls (nested case-control design). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definitions were followed and SSI established. Overall costs and indirect related morbidity/mortality costs were estimated. The study was performed in a general, tertiary hospital (Valencia, Spain) for 4.5 years. Surgical site infections patients were 9.02% of the total people who underwent surgery. Their stays were prolonging by 14 days, and resources were…
Reimbursement of radiotherapy in Germany.
2017
Reimbursement of radiotherapy in Germany is mainly based on a certain fixed fee for treatment planning and patient set up in addition to payment per fraction. This applies to outpatient care for patients with public health insurance or private health insurance. Payment per fraction has a considerable influence on reimbursement of inpatients as well. The advantage of payment per fraction is the simplicity and transparency. The disadvantage is an inadequate reimbursement for new treatment modalities like hypofractionation or stereotactic body radiotherapy.
Out-of-pocket costs in gastrointestinal cancer patients: Lack of a perfectly framed problem contributing to financial toxicity
2021
Abstract Fighting cancer is an economically expensive challenge for both health care payers, and the patients and their families and the median costs for cancer care are rapidly increasing in the last decade. Although both direct and indirect costs of medical assistance have been a frequent source of distress and contention, however analysis of the non-medical expenses incurred directly by cancer patients has not received adequate attention. Developing a deeper understanding of so-called "out-of-pocket" costs may be necessary. Out-of-pocket costs for medical care range from 7 % to 11 % of medical costs for all payers. However, the range of out-of-pocket costs shows considerable variability …
A suspected case of hunting accident. Case report
2010
Nowadays, the use of molecular biology in forensics has made it possible to identify human victim and sometimes even the circumstances under which the death occurred through. In our case, a corpse of a 50-years old man with a gunshot wound was found in the woods. The suspected murderer declared that it had been a hunting accident while he shot a wild boar. During the autopsy, a bullet (Borra-bullet Gualandi, 32 gr) was found in the abdomen of the victim. The authors investigated the presence of boar and victim blood both on the bullet, in order to substantiate the thesis of the hunting accident. Laboratory investigations underscored the presence of human cellular material on the bullet, whi…