Search results for "hepatocellular"
showing 10 items of 885 documents
The calm before the storm: a report from the International Liver Cancer Association Congress 2015 – part 2
2016
International Liver Cancer Association Congress 2015, Paris, France, 4–6 September 2015 Since its creation 9 years ago, in 2007, the International Liver Cancer Association has focused on the multidisciplinary approach to liver cancer due to advances in hepatology science and care worldwide. In its 2015 annual conference, held on 4–6 September in Paris, France, the most recent progresses in the basic biology, management and treatment of liver cancer have been presented. This report, divided into two parts, introduces and critically reviews some of the most intriguing topics discussed at the meeting.
Ginkgo biloba induces different gene expression signatures and oncogenic pathways in malignant and non-malignant cells of the liver
2018
Ginkgo biloba (EGb761) is a widely used botanical drug. Several reports indicate that EGb761 confers preventive as well as anti-tumorigenic properties in a variety of tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We here evaluate functional effects and molecular alterations induced by EGb761 in hepatoma cells and non-malignant hepatocytes. Hepatoma cell lines, primary human HCC cells and immortalized human hepatocytes (IH) were exposed to various concentrations (0-1000 μg/ml) of EGb761. Apoptosis and proliferation were evaluated after 72h of EGb761 exposure. Response to oxidative stress, tumorigenic properties and molecular changes were further investigated. While anti-oxidant effects w…
Induction of cancer cell stemness by depletion of macrohistone H2A1 in hepatocellular carcinoma.
2017
Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) contain a subpopulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which exhibit stem cellâlike features and are responsible for tumor relapse, metastasis, and chemoresistance. The development of effective treatments for HCC will depend on a molecular-level understanding of the specific pathways driving CSC emergence and stemness. MacroH2A1 is a variant of the histone H2A and an epigenetic regulator of stem-cell function, where it promotes differentiation and, conversely, acts as a barrier to somatic-cell reprogramming. Here, we focused on the role played by the histone variant macroH2A1 as a potential epigenetic factor promoting CSC differentiation. In human HCC section…
The Role of Transforming Growth Factor-β in Human Hepatocarcinogenesis: Mechanistic and Therapeutic Implications From an Integrative Multiomics Appro…
2017
Cytotoxic effects induced by patulin, deoxynivalenol and toxin T2 individually and in combination in hepatic cells (HepG2).
2018
Abstract Patulin (PAT), deoxynivalenol (DON) and toxin T-2 (T-2) are mycotoxins distributed worldwide in food and feed. Cytotoxicity of the three mycotoxins individually or in combination in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells was evaluated by MTT assay over 24, 48 and 72 h of exposure. The concentration ranges used were 0.625–15 μM for DON, 1.25–50 nM for T-2 and 0.45–7.5 μM for PAT. The IC 50 values obtained ranged from 9.30 to 2.53 μM, from 33.69 to 44.37 nM and from 2.66 to 1.17 μM for DON, T-2 and PAT, respectively. The most cytotoxic mycotoxin to HepG2 cells was T-2 followed by PAT and DON. The combination ratios used for the mixtures were 1:3 (DON: T-2), 1:5 (DON: PAT), 1:1.…
Chemical Composition, In Vitro Antitumor and Pro-Oxidant Activities of Glandora rosmarinifolia (Boraginaceae) Essential Oil
2018
The biological properties of essential oils have been demonstrated in the treatment of several diseases and to enhance the bioavailability of other drugs. In natural habitats the essential oils compounds may play important roles in the protection of the plants as antibacterials, antivirals, antifungals, insecticides and also against herbivores by reducing their appetite for such plants or by repelling undesirable others. We analyzed by gas-chromatography mass spectrometry the chemical composition of the essential oil of aerial parts of Glandora rosmarinifolia (Ten.) D.C. Thomas obtained by hydrodistillation and verified some biological activities on a panel of hepatocellular carcinoma cell …
Prevention of endpoints in primary biliary cholangitis with ursodeoxycholic acid: quantifying the benefit
2020
Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is a hydrophilic bile acid with an established benefit for patients suffering from primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). It was first introduced in the 60s and took until the late 90s to demonstrate a survival benefit in large meta-cohort studies.1 Since then, UDCA is the established first-line therapy according to current guidelines.2 The benefit of UDCA is multidimensional, and patients receiving UDCA experience increased transplant-free survival, a decreased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and potentially improved quality of life.3–5 The survival benefit is predicted by a number biochemical markers that reflect cholestasis and that are accepted surrogates of the…
Copper/MYC/CTR1 interplay: A dangerous relationship in hepatocellular carcinoma
2018
Free serum copper correlates with tumor incidence and progression of human cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Copper extracellular uptake is provided by the transporter CTR1, whose expression is regulated to avoid excessive intracellular copper entry. Inadequate copper serum concentration is involved in the pathogenesis of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), which is becoming a major cause of liver damage progression and HCC incidence. Finally, MYC is over-expressed in most of HCCs and is a critical regulator of cellular growth, tumor invasion and metastasis. The purpose of our study was to understand if higher serum copper concentrations might be involved in the prog…
Dual proteotoxic stress accelerates liver injury via activation of p62‐Nrf2
2021
Protein accumulation is the hallmark of various neuronal, muscular, and other human disorders. It is also often seen in the liver as a major protein-secretory organ. For example, aggregation of mutated alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT), referred to as PiZ, is a characteristic feature of AAT deficiency, whereas retention of hepatitis B surface protein (HBs) is found in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. We investigated the interaction of both proteotoxic stresses in humans and mice. Animals overexpressing both PiZ and HBs (HBs-PiZ mice) had greater liver injury, steatosis, and fibrosis. Later they exhibited higher hepatocellular carcinoma load and a more aggressive tumor subtype. Although PiZ and H…
The Potential of Serum Exosomal hsa_circ_0028861 as the Novel Diagnostic Biomarker of HBV-Derived Hepatocellular Cancer
2021
Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-derived hepatocellular cancer (HCC) is a serious threat to human health, especially in China. There is no highly sensitive and specific HCC biomarker at present, which makes it difficult to detect HCC at the early stage. Serum exosomal circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported as novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of cancers. In the present study, we aimed to explore the diagnostic performance of serum exosomal circRNAs for HBV-derived HCC screening. At first, many circRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in the serum exosomes of HCC individuals by microarray analysis. The validation of dysregulated circRNAs by qRT-PCR revealed that serum exosomal…