Search results for "herb"
showing 10 items of 856 documents
Plant guttation provides nutrient-rich food for insects
2020
Plant guttation is a fluid from xylem and phloem sap secreted at the margins of leaves from many plant species. All previous studies have considered guttation as a water source for insects. Here, we hypothesized that plant guttation serves as a reliable and nutrient-rich food source for insects with effects on their communities. Using highbush blueberries as a study system, we demonstrate that guttation droplets contain carbohydrates and proteins. Insects from three feeding lifestyles, a herbivore, a parasitic wasp and a predator, increased their longevity and fecundity when fed on these guttation droplets compared to those fed on control water. Our results also show that guttation droplets…
Digestion of bamboo compared to grass and lucerne in a small hindgut fermenting herbivore, the guinea pig (Cavia porcellus)
2022
Bamboo is an enigmatic forage, representing a niche food for pandas and bamboo lemurs. Bamboo might not represent a suitable forage for herbivores relying on fermentative digestion, potentially due to its low fermentability. To test this hypothesis, guinea pigs (n = 36) were used as model species and fed ad libitum with one of three forages (bamboo, lucerne, or timothy grass) in a fresh or dried state, with six individuals per group, for 3 weeks. The nutrient composition and in vitro fermentation profile of bamboo displayed low fermentation potential, i.e. high lignin and silica levels together with a gas production (Hohenheim gas test) at 12 h of only 36% of that of lucerne and grass. Alth…
"Emansipaation kriittinen teoreetikko" : Herbert Marcusen poliittinen ajattelu kriittisen teorian edustajana ja uuden vasemmiston opiskelijaradikaali…
2007
Tutkimuksessani tarkastelen Frankfurtin koulukunnan kriittisen teorian edustaja Herbert Marcusea 1960-luvun lopun länsimaisen uuden vasemmiston opiskelijaradikaalien kiistel-tynä isähahmona. Hahmottelen saksalaisen kriittisen filosofian vallankumouksellisuuteen elämäkseen ja 1960-luvun lopulla opiskelijoiden liikehdintään sitoutuneen Marcusen filoso-fisesta ajattelusta ja poliittisesta toiminnasta rakentunutta poliittista figuuria kolmella erityi-sellä lukutavalla. Oletan, että Marcusen ajattelussa on taipumuksia jatkuvuuteen ja sen eri vaiheita ohjaa pyrkimys kapitalistisen järjestelmän kritiikkiin sekä kumoamiseen saksalai-sen negatiivisen filosofian tradition avulla. Näin Marcusen 1960-l…
2019
Ingested soil is a major vector of organic contaminants from environment to free-ranged animals, particularly for grazing herbivores. Therefore, a better understanding of processes driving soil intake may provide new insights to limit animal exposure to contaminants and ensure safety of animal products. To maintain the supply service of livestock farming activities in contaminated areas, it is necessary to design adapted farming practices aiming at controlling the risk for human health. This study was conducted in the French West Indies, where chlordecone, an organochlorine insecticide previously used to protect banana plantation against the black weevil and banned since 1993, has polluted …
2019
Impact of leptospermone, a β-triketone bioherbicide, was investigated on the fungal community which supports important soil ecological functions such as decomposition of organic matter and nutrients recycling. This study was done in a microcosm experiment using two French soils, Perpignan (P) and Saint-Jean-de-Fos (SJF), differing in their physicochemical properties and history treatment with synthetic β-triketones. Soil microcosms were treated with leptospermone at recommended dose and incubated under controlled conditions for 45 days. Untreated microcosms were used as control. Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region of the fungal rRNA revealed significant chang…
Chapter 12 Role of Iron in Plant–Microbe Interactions
2009
Iron is an essential micronutrient for plants and associated microorganisms. Iron nutrition of these organisms relies on the soil supply. However, bioavailability of iron in cultivated soils is low. Plants and microorganisms have thus evolved active strategies of iron uptake based on acidification, chelation, and/or reduction processes. Iron acquisition by these organisms leads to complex interactions ranging from mutualism to competition. In the rhizosphere, plants support abundant and active microbial communities through the release of rhizodeposits. Iron uptake by these microorganisms and by the host plant decrease even more the concentration of iron in solution. Therefore, there is an i…
Toxicity as prime selection criterion among SARS-active herbal medications
2021
We present here a new selection criterion for prioritizing research on efficacious drugs for the fight against COVID-19: the relative toxicity versus safety of herbal medications, which were effective against SARS in the 2002/2003 epidemic. We rank these medicines according to their toxicity versus safety as basis for preferential rapid research on their potential in the treatment of COVID-19. The data demonstrate that from toxicological information nothing speaks against immediate investigation on, followed by rapid implementation of Lonicera japonica, Morus alba, Forsythia suspensa, and Codonopsis spec. for treatment of COVID-19 patients. Glycyrrhiza spec. and Panax ginseng are ranked in …
A conspectus of Tephroseris (Asteraceae: Senecioneae) in Europe outside Russia and notes on the decline of the genus
2021
Tephroseris is generally considered a difficult genus. Based on the examination of extensive herbarium material and considering the existing literature, we recognize seven species in Europe outside Russia. These are T. palustris, T. integrifolia with subsp. integrifolia, subsp. aurantiaca, subsp. capitata, subsp. maritima, subsp. serpentini and subsp. “tundricola”, T. balbisiana, T. crispa, T. helenitis, T. longifolia and T. papposa. Phylogenetic analysis of ITS and ETS sequences showed that these species fall into three lineages. These are: (1) T. palustris, clearly related to Arctic species of the genus; (2) T. integrifolia; and (3) the remaining species. Molecular dating of the T. integr…
Alpu kreimules herbāriji Latvijas Universitātes Muzejā
1922
Alpu kreimule Pinguicula alpina L. ir rets augs, kurš šobrīd vairs nav sastopams Latvijas flora. Tā vienīgā dabīgā augtene bija uz Staburaga Daugavas krastā. Pļaviņu HES būvniecibas rezultātā tā tika iznīcināta. Latvijas Universitātes Muzeja herbārijā Botānikas un mikoloģijas kolekcijās glabājas šā auga herbāriji gan no Latvijas, gan Igaunijas. Šeit atrodas gan senākais ievāktais herbārijs uz Staburaga, gan pēdējais, kas tika šeit ievākts 1961. gadā.
Анализ результатов интродукции альпийских растений в Ботаническом саду Латвийского Университета
2016
Анализ успешности интродукции некоторых альпийских растений в течении 50 лет. Работа проводилась с 136 таксонами в Ботаническом саду Латвийского Университета. (Материалы VII Международной научной конференции. 24-26 мая 2016, Минск, Белорусь.)