Search results for "herbicide"
showing 3 items of 273 documents
DIAGSOL Development of a new functional marker for B-triketone herbicides exposure in agricultural soils
2017
International audience; The-triketone herbicides are maize selective herbicides that have been largely applied in replacement of atrazine, banned in Europe in 2004. Their mode of action lays on the inhi- bition of the p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD), a key enzyme of the carotenoid biosynthesis.In recent studies, we showed that within the soil bacterial community, many microorganisms possess a functional HPPD enzyme involved in tyrosine metabolism. These ”non-target or- ganisms” harbor the target of the-triketone herbicides and consequently may be affected in response to its exposure. From this point of view, the bacterial community harboring the hppd gene might be a relevant mark…
Les variétés végétales tolérantes aux herbicides, un outil de désherbage durable ?
2014
Depuis 2009, des variétés de tournesol et de colza, dites « tolérantes aux herbicides » (TH), font leur apparition en France. Destinées à faciliter le désherbage, ces variétés résistent à un herbicide donné ce qui permet a priori d’appliquer l’herbicide sans risque pour la culture. La culture de telles variétés a suscité une contestation sociale se traduisant par l’arrachage de tournesols TH dénoncés comme « OGM cachés ». Dans ce contexte, les ministères chargés de l’Agriculture et de l’Environnement ont demandé à l’Inra et au CNRS de réaliser un bilan des connaissances disponibles sur l’ensemble des impacts de la culture de ces variétés.
Ginger and Turmeric Essential Oils for Weed Control and Food Crop Protection
2019
Ginger and turmeric are two food ingredients that are in high demand due to their flavor and positive effects on health. The biological properties of these spices are closely related to the aromatic compounds they contain. The chemical compositions of their essential oils and their in vitro phytotoxic activity against weeds (Portulaca oleracea, Lolium multiflorum, Echinochloa crus-galli, Cortaderia selloana, and Nicotiana glauca) and food crops (tomato, cucumber, and rice) were studied. Forty-one compounds, accounting for a relative peak area of 87.7% and 94.6% of turmeric and ginger essential oils, respectively, were identified by Gas Chromatography&ndash