Search results for "high voltage"

showing 10 items of 78 documents

Transition from direct to Fowler-Nordheim tunneling in chemically reduced graphene oxide film.

2014

We investigate charge transport in a chemically reduced graphene oxide (RGO) film of sub-micron thickness. The I-V curve of RGO film shows current switching of the order of ∼10(5) above the threshold voltage. We found that the observed I-V curve is consistent with quantum tunnelling based charge transport. The quantum tunnelling based Simmons generalized theory was used to interpret the charge transport mechanism which shows that the current switching phenomenon is associated with transition from direct to Fowler-Nordheim (F-N) tunneling. The absence of current switching in the I-V curve after stripping away the oxygen functional groups from chemically RGO film confirms that the presence of…

Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsGrapheneOxideAnalytical chemistryHigh voltageCharge (physics)law.inventionThreshold voltageField electron emissionchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrylawGeneral Materials ScienceCurrent (fluid)Quantum tunnellingNanoscale
researchProduct

High voltage vacuum-processed perovskite solar cells with organic semiconducting interlayers

2020

In perovskite solar cells, the choice of appropriate transport layers and electrodes is of great importance to guarantee efficient charge transport and collection, minimizing recombination losses. The possibility to sequentially process multiple layers by vacuum methods offers a tool to explore the effects of different materials and their combinations on the performance of optoelectronic devices. In this work, the effect of introducing interlayers and altering the electrode work function has been evaluated in fully vacuum-deposited perovskite solar cells. We compared the performance of solar cells employing common electron buffer layers such as bathocuproine (BCP), with other injection mate…

Materials scienceContinuous operationGeneral Chemical Engineeringchemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyElectron010402 general chemistry7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesWork functionCèl·lules fotoelèctriquesDiodePerovskite (structure)business.industryHigh voltageGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical scienceschemistrySemiconductorsElectrodeOptoelectronicsLithiumEnergies renovables0210 nano-technologybusinessRSC Advances
researchProduct

High voltage vacuum-deposited CH3NH3PbI3-CH3NH3PbI3 tandem solar cells

2018

The recent success of perovskite solar cells is based on two solid pillars: the rapid progress of their power conversion efficiency and their flexibility in terms of optoelectrical properties and processing methods. That versatility makes these devices ideal candidates for multi-junction photovoltaics. We report an optically optimized double junction CH3NH3PbI3–CH3NH3PbI3 tandem solar cell where the matched short-circuit current is maximized while parasitic absorption is minimized. The use of an additive vacuum-deposition protocol allows us to reproduce calculated stack designs, which comprise several charge selective materials that ensure appropriate band alignment and charge recombination…

Materials scienceEquivalent series resistanceTandemRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryOpen-circuit voltageEnergy conversion efficiencyHigh voltage02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences7. Clean energyPollution0104 chemical sciencesNuclear Energy and EngineeringStack (abstract data type)PhotovoltaicsEnvironmental ChemistryOptoelectronics0210 nano-technologybusinessPerovskite (structure)
researchProduct

High-voltage measurements on the 5 ppm relative uncertainty level with collinear laser spectroscopy

2018

We present the results of high-voltage collinear laser spectroscopy measurements on the 5 ppm relative uncertainty level using a pump and probe scheme at the transition of involving the metastable state. With two-stage laser interaction and a reference measurement we can eliminate systematic effects such as differences in the contact potentials due to different electrode materials and thermoelectric voltages, and the unknown starting potential of the ions in the ion source. Voltage measurements were performed between −5 kV and −19 kV and parallel measurements with stable high-voltage dividers calibrated to 5 ppm relative uncertainty were used as a reference. Our measurements are compatible …

Materials scienceGeneral EngineeringHigh voltageLaser01 natural sciencesIon sourcelaw.inventionIon010309 opticslawMetastability0103 physical sciencesThermoelectric effectAtomic physics010306 general physicsSpectroscopyVoltageMetrologia
researchProduct

First experiments with gasdynamic ion source in CW mode.

2016

A new type of ECR ion source—a gasdynamic ECR ion source—has been recently developed at the Institute of Applied Physics. The main advantages of such device are extremely high ion beam current with a current density up to 600–700 emA/cm2 in combination with low emittance, i.e., normalized RMS emittance below 0.1 π mm mrad. Previous investigations were carried out in pulsed operation with 37.5 or 75 GHz gyrotron radiation with power up to 100 kW at SMIS 37 experimental facility. The present work demonstrates the first experience of operating the gasdynamic ECR ion source in CW mode. A test bench of SMIS 24 facility has been developed at IAP RAS. 24 GHz radiation of CW gyrotron was used for p…

Materials scienceIon beamPlasma parameterscontinuous wave mode01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasIonlaw.inventionOpticslawGyrotron0103 physical scienceselectron cyclotron resonance ion sourcesThermal emittanceInstrumentation010302 applied physicsta114ta213business.industryion beamsHigh voltageIon sourceAtomic physicsbusinessCurrent densityThe Review of scientific instruments
researchProduct

High voltage stabilisation for an on-line isotope separator

1981

Abstract Stabilisation for a high voltage generator up to 60 kV has been developed. The voltage is stable within ±0.1 V. This allows the very accurate acceleration of charged particles.

Materials scienceIsotopeVoltage generatorGeneral EngineeringAnalytical chemistryHigh voltageAtomic physicsCharged particleSeparator (electricity)VoltageNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research
researchProduct

Electric breakdown of dielectric thin films for high-voltage display applications

2016

Smectic A liquid crystal is one of the most promising material for smart glass application due to infinite bistability and low haze at clear state. Voltage is needed to switch from scattering to transparent and it is likely for dielectric breakdown to occur. In order to reduce the probability of dielectric breakdown to occur, a dielectric insulating coating is usually employed. In this work we have compared electrical and optical properties of SiO2 thin films with thickness up to 500 nm coated by flexographic printing and reactive magnetron sputtering. IV characteristics and dielectric breakdown values show sputtered coatings to have higher dielectric strength. For sputtered coatings with t…

Materials scienceOpticsOptical coatingDielectric strengthbusiness.industryGate dielectricElectrical breakdownOptoelectronicsHigh voltageDielectricThin filmSputter depositionbusinessSPIE Proceedings
researchProduct

High Voltage Metrology with Collinear Laser Spectroscopy

2018

We present results of laser spectroscopic high voltage measurements on the 5 ppm relative uncertainty level using a pump and probe scheme on Ca+ ions. With the two-stage laser interaction and with a reference measurement we can eliminate systematic effects like differences in contact potentials of electrode materials, thermo-electric voltages, and the unknown starting potential of the ions in the ion source. Our measurements are compatible with the 5 ppm precision limits of the high voltage dividers used for comparison and demonstrate an unprecedented increase in the accuracy of laser-based high voltage measurements by a factor of 20.

Materials sciencebusiness.industryHigh voltageLaserIon sourcelaw.inventionIonMetrologyReference measurementlawOptoelectronicsbusinessSpectroscopyVoltage2018 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2018)
researchProduct

Wireless partial discharge tracking on cross-linked polyethylene MV and HV cables

2018

Medium voltage (MV)/high voltage (HV) cable lines are high-value assets and require substantial costs for their installation or replacement. For this reason, the capability to assess the condition of cable lengths and accessories on site is of great importance. Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation is extensively used for MV, HV, and extra-high voltage (EHV) class cables [1] thanks to its excellent voltage-endurance and thermomechanical properties. In particular, XLPE-insulated cables feature substantially lower losses, easier manufacturing and jointing procedures, better environmental compatibility, and higher operating temperature compared with impregnated paper cables, which lead t…

Materials sciencecross-linked polyethylene insulation01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundOperating temperaturepower cable testing0103 physical sciencesWirelessPower cablefault locationElectrical and Electronic Engineeringcable insulation010302 applied physicsCross-linked polyethylenebusiness.industryElectronic Optical and Magnetic Material010401 analytical chemistryElectrical engineeringfault diagnosiHigh voltagePolyethylene0104 chemical sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialspartial dischargechemistryPartial dischargebusinesspower cableVoltageIEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine
researchProduct

Detection of Partial Discharges at Square Shaped Voltages

2018

Due to the wide use of electronic converters and the introduction of new powerful power electronics devices, the input waveforms most often used are becoming much different than the traditional power frequent sinusoidal one. In High Voltage (HV) apparatus particularly, this condition can increase the stress on the insulation systems that may lower the reliability of the whole power grid. This type of input voltage, often showing an increased voltage gradient, causes problems in the Partial Discharge (PD) measurement setup and acquisition systems, also due to the increased harmonic content. In this paper, the main aim is to discuss how to suitably approach the measurement technique of PDs at…

Materials scienceunconventional streRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industrypattern recognitionElectrical engineeringEnergy Engineering and Power TechnologyComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionHigh voltageConvertersIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringPower (physics)Computer Networks and CommunicationReliability (semiconductor)Artificial IntelligencePartial dischargePower electronicsPartial dischargeHarmonicPWMbusinessInstrumentationVoltage2018 IEEE 4th International Forum on Research and Technology for Society and Industry (RTSI)
researchProduct