Search results for "holism"
showing 10 items of 243 documents
Morton White’s philosophy of culture: Holistic pragmatism and interdisciplinary inquiry
2011
Abstract This paper explicates and defends Morton White’s holistic pragmatism, the view that descriptive and normative statements form a “seamless web” which must be tested as a “unified whole”. This position, originally formulated as a methodological and epistemic principle, can be extended into a more general philosophy of culture, as White himself has shown in his book, A Philosophy of Culture (2002). On the basis of holistic pragmatism, the paper also offers a pragmatist conception of metaphilosophy and defends the need for interdisciplinary inquiry.
The relationship between bipolar disorder and alcoholism: a controlled family study.
1995
SYNOPSISBipolar disorder and alcoholism are familial disorders. The familial–genetic relationship between both is controversial and has received insufficient study. This study explores whether bipolar disorder and alcoholism share familial risk factors, and whether the co-occurrence of lifetime diagnosis of bipolar disorder and alcoholism is familial. We report on first-degree relatives of 146 consecutively admitted patients with either bipolar disorder or/and alcoholism; relatives of the patients (in total 728 relatives directly interviewed) were compared with first-degree relatives of 109 general population probands (320 relatives directly interviewed). Overlap between the familial compon…
Mujeres dependientes de alcohol o cocaína: un estudio comparativo desde una perspectiva cualitativa
2008
-josefa.gomez@uv.es Objetivo: Realizar un análisis comparativo de los comportamientos sociales de las mujeres alcohólicas respecto a las cocainómanas. Material y métodos: Se han estudiado seis mujeres alcohólicas y seis mujeres cocainómanas en tratamiento ambulatorio, mediante la técnica del relato de vida. La información fue analizada utilizando la Grounded Theory. Resultados: Las mujeres alcohólicas adquieren la dependencia a través de un consumo progresivo, mientras que las cocainómanas se inician a partir de un hecho concreto, relacionándolo con la pareja consumidora y/o la búsqueda de placer. Un estigma social, que se manifiesta en las mujeres adictas, es el relacionado con el incumpli…
AUDIT, AUDIT-C y AR2I para evaluar el Binge Drinking en universitarios españoles
2020
La identificación de los jóvenes que realizan un consumo intensivo de alcohol (CIA) es una prioridad en el ámbito de la prevención e intervención, dadas las consecuencias bio-psico-sociales que genera. Objetivo. Verificar qué versión del AUDIT constituye el instrumento de screening más adecuado en esta población, partiendo de una operacionalización más precisa del CIA. Método. Se ha realizado un muestreo de conveniencia en el que han participado 190 jóvenes consumidores de alcohol entre 18 y 22 años (73.7% mujeres), que cumplimentaron un autoregistro de consumo de alcohol, el AUDIT y AR2I. Resultados. El análisis de conglomerados por sexos muestra 5 grupos de jóvenes CIA, en función de la e…
Neuropsychological status of alcohol-dependent patients: increased performance through goal-setting instructions.
2004
Aims: The effects of goal-setting instructions on neuropsychological performance of alcohol-dependent patients and control subjects were assessed. Methods: 57 alcohol-dependent patients and 59 carefully age- and education-matched healthy control subjects underwent standard neuropsychological investigation. In addition, the goal-setting paradigm was used to systematically manipulate motivation. Participants were requested to calculate simple mathematical problems repeatedly within phases of a 2-min duration receiving normal or goal setting-instructions (to increase performance in the next phase by 20%). Results: The patients demonstrated deficits in standard neuropsychological tests. Patient…
Adverse childhood experiences and impact on quality of life in adulthood: development and validation of a short difcult childhood questionnaire in a …
2021
Abstract Purpose A short adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) measure is needed with non-intrusive items that include subjective evaluations of childhood. We validated a short Difficult Childhood Questionnaire (DCQ) that assesses ACEs using personal perceptions of events. Methods The study relied on 2019 data from a representative survey (N = 28,047) in Norway. We examined the DCQ’s factor structure, internal consistency, and discriminant validity in a multi-group confirmatory factor analysis. As a group variable, we used whether the respondent had the ACE of parental alcohol use disorder (adult children of alcoholics; ACOA). To assess the DCQ’s convergent validity, we used latent regressio…
UNITY OF THEORY AND PRACTICE IN THE PROMOTION OF PRESCHOOL CHILD'S MUSICALITY IN THE TEACHER'S AND CHILD'S COLLABORATION
2020
This scientific article involves holism, anthropological and action methodological approaches. The article includes theoretical substantiations based on J.Greata's (2006) concepts of the musical activity impact on the child holistic entirety development, B.Vikmane (1995) and L.Mackevicha's (1999), Latvian preschool music scientists, conceptions about music content and A.Liduma's (2004-2016) researches in the child musicality (emotional responsiveness, musical hearing, sense of rhythm, musical memory and musical thinking, voice vocal range and singing skill) development promotion possibilities through the teacher and the child collaboration in the preschool music sessions. The empiric resear…
Tinkering and Evolution
2015
Jacob is one of the fathers of modern Biology, and in his monumental work The Logic of Life he recounts the polarity that has always existed in biological science between analytical and synthetic traditions, between reductionism and holism . Interestingly, however, although he is a model example of the reductionist tradition and one of the fathers of Molecular Biology, Jacob does not rule out the possibility of emergent properties.
SEQUENTIALLY ADJUSTED RANDOMIZATION TO FORCE BALANCE IN CONTROLLED TRIALS WITH UNKNOWN PREVALENCE OF COVARIATES: APPLICATION TO ALCOHOLISM RESEARCH
2005
In treatment outcome studies with small to medium sample sizes (n200), the balance of groups with regard to important factors, which sometimes occur at low prevalence, is indispensable for adequate interpretation. This study tested a method for use in clinical alcoholism research, an uncomplicated procedure for satisfactory randomization of patients to different treatments, taking into account relevant background variables.An easily applicable modification of Efron's biased coin method for the randomization of treatments within strata of unknown but low prevalence was compared with the original approach and alternative methods by computer simulation (10,000 runs). An application example for…
Targeting Homer genes using adeno-associated viral vector: lessons learned from behavioural and neurochemical studies.
2008
Over a decade of in-vitro data support a critical role for members of the Homer family of postsynaptic scaffolding proteins in regulating the functional architecture of glutamate synapses. Earlier studies of Homer knockout mice indicated a necessary role for Homer gene products in normal mesocorticolimbic glutamate transmission and behaviours associated therewith. The advent of adeno-associated viral vectors carrying cDNA for, or short hairpin RNA against, specific Homer isoforms enabled the site-directed targeting of Homers to neurons in the brain. This approach has allowed our groups to address developmental issues associated with conventional knockout mice, to confirm active roles for di…