Search results for "holism"
showing 10 items of 243 documents
Blood alcohol concentration for monitoring ethanol treatment to prevent alcohol withdrawal in the intensive care unit.
2001
Abstract Objective. Alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) is a serious complication during postoperative treatment in chronic alcoholics. Despite prophylactic treatment, AWS occurs in at least 25% of these patients after elective surgery. An established protocol for the prevention of AWS is ethanol administration. The aim of this study was to evaluate possible differences in ethanol dose and levels between successfully treated patients and those who developed AWS. Design. Prospective, observational study with retrospective post hoc analysis. Setting. Intensive care unit (ICU). Patients. Thirty-two alcohol-dependent patients undergoing elective or emergency surgery after trauma with postoperativ…
Impact of the anatomical location, alcoholism and smoking on the prevalence of advanced oral cancer in Brazil
2018
Background To evaluate the prevalence of oral cancer in Brazil according to the clinical stage, anatomical location, alcoholism and smoking. Material and Methods Data referring to 31,217 cases of oral cancer, from 2000 to 2010, were obtained from the Integrator Module of the Hospital Registry of Cancer. Inconsistent data (“non-classified” cases) was eliminated and 21,160 cases were analyzed. The frequency distribution according to clinical stage, anatomical location, alcoholism and smoking was analyzed descriptively and through a binary logistic regression model (α<0.05). The clinical stage (dependent variable) was dichotomized in early stage (I and II) or advanced stage (III and IV). The y…
Alcohol consumption in Spanish mental health patients vs. working population
2018
Introduction: Alcohol consumption has a high prevalence in society and its chronic consumption is one of the main factors related to health condition in an individual, along with other aspects concerning lifestyle. Regarding the health-disease correlation, it is one of the main determinants of health, from an epidemiological point of view, and has been a traditional object of study from different perspectives and in diverse population groups.Objective: To compare consumption patterns and related variables in two different groups: patients in mental health units and workers in general.Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study in a population of 1 180 service workers and 304 patients in a …
Pharmacological treatments for opiate and alcohol addiction: A historical perspective of the last 50 years.
2018
Addiction pharmacotherapy aims to prevent drug abstinence symptoms, reduce drug craving and relapse, and normalize physiologic functions disrupted by chronic use of the drug. During the last 50 years, there has been an enormous revolution in pharmacotherapy for drug addiction. From abstinence as practically the only treatment option available, there are now multiple drugs on the market that have proved their efficacy in treating opiate and alcohol disorders. The present review will focus on the pharmacological treatments of the drugs whose consumption most affects individuals and society: alcohol and opiates. We will review the drugs most widely prescribed to prevent relapse and maintain ab…
Naisten kokemuksia alkoholiongelmistaan
2011
TIIVISTELMÄ NAISTEN KOKEMUKSIA ALKOHOLIONGELMISTAAN SIIKA, ARJA Jyväskylän yliopisto liikunta- ja terveystieteiden tiedekunta, terveystieteiden laitos ja yhteiskuntatieteiden tiedekunta ja yhteiskuntatieteiden ja filosofian laitos kevät 2011 108 sivua, 4 liitettä Ohjaajat: TtT Liisa Peltokallio ja PhD Marjo Kuronen ___________________________________________________________________________ Pro gradu – tutkielmani tarkoituksena on ymmärtää miten naiset kokevat alkoholin ongelmallisen käytön omassa elämäntodellisuudessaan. Metodologisena lähestymistapana on fenomenologis-hermeneuttinen tutkimusote. Koska suomalaisten naisten juominen on lisääntynyt ja yleistynyt kaikissa naisikäryhmissä on pe…
Role of acetaldehyde in alcohol addiction: current evidence and future perspectives
2011
The effects of alcohol have been widely studied during the past century, corroborating the idea that this tiny chemical compound acts throughout most of our neurotransmitter systems since it is capable of inducing addictive behaviour. Two of the most serious problems of alcohol addiction are craving and relapse; several studies have demonstrated that relapse is related to the anxious state which occurs during withdrawal, and it has been proved that this behavioural modifications results from an alteration of the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems. An important role in the neurobiology of alcohol addiction is played by acetaldehyde (ACD), ethanol first metabolite. Our recent studies indee…
SECCIÓN TEMÁTICA - 1. LAS CIENCIAS SOCIALES EN EL MODELO KUHNIANO DE LA CIENCIA // THE ROLE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES IN KUHN’S IMAGE OF SCIENCE
2012
El artículo discute la posición de Thomas Kuhn sobre el estatus epistemológico de las ciencias sociales. Su obra más conocida, La estructura de las revoluciones científicas, pretendió entender el cambio en la ciencia mediante las nociones de “paradigma” y “revolución”, despertando gran interés entre los científicos sociales, a pesar de haber sido elaborada pensando exclusivamente en las ciencias naturales. Basándome en un modelo alternativo, el modelo “reticular” de Larry Laudan, argumento que la distinción kuhniana entre “ciencia normal” y “ciencia revolucionaria” es demasiado esquemática y no sirve para dar cuenta de las diferencias actualmente existentes entre las ciencias naturales y la…
Profilaktyka i terapia fonoholizmu wśród uczniów szkół podstawowych
2020
Wobec nasilającego się zjawiska fonoholizmu wśród dzieci i młodzieży szczególnego znaczenia nabierają obecnie działania związane z profilaktyką i terapią tego typu zaburzeń. Istotne w nich role mają do odegrania nauczyciele, a także, co oczywiste, rodzice. Ich wysiłki jednak będą skuteczne dopiero wtedy, gdy opanują oni wiedzę dotyczącą mechanizmów powstawania omawianych patologii, zrozumieją cele i zadania, jakie się w tej kwestii przed nimi stawia, sami zaprezentują wartościowe wzorce postępowania. Materiał przytoczony w artykule (w tym wyniki badań sondażowych, przeprowadzonych w grupie rodziców uczniów szkół podstawowych) świadczy o tym, że ani jedni, ani drudzy nie do końca odpowiednio…
"Laulu syömmet aukaisee" : kokonaisvaltainen laulunopetus musiikkiliikunnan avulla
2018
The subject of this research is a holistic approach to singing education using body movements. This study was conducted as action research in which the singing pedagogue also worked as a researcher. The aim of this study was to: develop an approach to singing education with body movements, qualitatively investigate how singing with body movements can be used in solo singing education and how pedagogical ideas of Finnish music and movement teacher Inkeri Simola-Isaksson could be adapted to singing education. The data included interviews of the vocal students at the University of Oulu and the vocal students of the Johann Sebastian Bach music school in Vienna, participant journals and research…
Dolor y recaída en el alcoholismo: alteraciones en la función moduladora del sistema opioide endógeno sobre el sistema dopaminérgico mesocorticolímbi…
2020
Durant els últims anys, múltiples estudis clínics i epidemiològics han revelat que la presència de dolor crònic està estretament relacionada amb el trastorn per consum d'alcohol (AUD). De fet, el dolor crònic sembla augmentar el risc de patir AUD i predir el consum excessiu d'alcohol i la recaiguda en aquells pacients amb antecedents d'abús d'alcohol. A més, s'ha informat que el dolor té un impacte negatiu en el processament motivacional i de recompensa, ja que altera la funció de sistema mesocorticolímbic (MCLS). Els receptors opioides mu (MOR) són components clau del MCLS i són essencials per al processament de recompenses tant d'estímuls naturals com de drogues d'abús, inclòs l'alcohol. …