Search results for "homogeneity"

showing 10 items of 111 documents

FeMnOx-1: A new microanalytical reference material for the investigation of Mn–Fe rich geological samples

2016

Suitable Mn-Fe rich microanalytical reference materials (MRMs) as calibration material for laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) have not been available. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) in collaboration with the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry has prepared a synthetic MRM, FeMnOx-1, with elevated mass fractions of MnO (25 g/100 g), Fe2O3 (8.5 g/100 g) and high mass fractions of 25 trace elements varying between 200 and 5000 mg/kg. This new MRM has been designed as calibration material for a wide range of different Mn-Fe deposits, such as desert/rock varnish, ocean crusts and nodules as well as Mn accumulations in soils and lakes. Small-scale an…

ChemistryDesert varnish010401 analytical chemistryAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGeologyManganese010502 geochemistry & geophysicsMass spectrometryLaser01 natural sciencesMicroanalysis0104 chemical scienceslaw.inventionGeochemistry and PetrologylawHomogeneity (physics)Soil waterMass fraction0105 earth and related environmental sciencesChemical Geology
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Quantificação das estruturas de fluxo sin-magmáticas do Plutão de Vila Pouca de Aguiar: uma ferramenta para a quantificação estrutural e da qualidade…

2014

Mineral distribution pattern of Variscan post-tectonic granites from Vila Pouca de Aguiar Pluton (NE Portugal) were analyzed with methods partially based on fractal geometry and, with respect to rock inhomogeneity and anisotropy. The result of the analysis provides information about magmatic flux and mineral equilibrium processes in a crystallizing magma chamber. In addition, the used methods may also provide important information for the ornamental rock industry, because they allow fast and automatic evaluation of economic rock parameters.

Ciências Naturais::Ciências da Terra e do AmbienteMORFAFROSTRock qualityMap-countingQualidade da rochaPadrões de heterogeneidade e de anisotropia:Ciências da Terra e do Ambiente [Ciências Naturais]Patterns of inhomogeneity and anisotropy
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Bias artifact suppression on MR volumes.

2007

RF-Inhomogeneity correction is a relevant research topic in the field of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). A volume corrupted by this artifact exhibits nonuni- form illumination both inside a single slice and between adjacent ones. In this work a bias correction technique is presented, which suppresses this artifact on MR vol- umes scanned from different body parts without any a-priori hypothesis on the artifact model. Theoretical foundations of the method are reported together with experimental results and a comparison is presented with both the 2D version of the algorithm and other techniques that are widely used in MRI literature.

Computer scienceHealth InformaticsSensitivity and SpecificityImaging Three-DimensionalBiasImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedmedicineComputer visionRF-Inhomogeneity Bias Artifact Illumination correction MR Image Homomorphic filterSettore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle InformazioniArtifact (error)medicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryReproducibility of ResultsMagnetic resonance imagingImage EnhancementMagnetic Resonance ImagingComputer Science ApplicationsArtifact suppressionArtificial intelligenceMr imagesbusinessArtifactsSoftwareAlgorithmsVolume (compression)Computer methods and programs in biomedicine
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Using proximity and spatial homogeneity in neighbourhood-based classifiers

1997

In this paper, a set of neighbourhood-based classifiers are jointly used in order to select a more reliable neighbourhood of a given sample and take an appropriate decision about its class membership. The approaches introduced here make use of two concepts: proximity and symmetric placement of the samples.

Computer sciencebusiness.industryComputingMethodologies_GENERALData miningArtificial intelligenceSpatial homogeneitycomputer.software_genreMachine learningbusinesscomputerNeighbourhood (mathematics)
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Method of quantitative analysis of filler dispersion in composite systems with spherical inclusions

2011

In this work, a quantitative analysis method for the estimation of filler dispersion degree of filler particles in composite systems is presented and described. According to the procedure offered dispersion of filler particles of any form is associated with their area and the dispersion parameter D is defined as the probability to fall in a certain range of the particle area distribution. The method has been applied to both model and real systems characterized by different dispersion levels and various filler content. Final results highlight that for the case of better filler dispersion, the characteristic parameter, D, increases, since the quantity of filler particles having identical area…

Condensed Matter::Materials ScienceFiller (packaging)Work (thermodynamics)Materials scienceHomogeneity (statistics)Composite numberGeneral EngineeringCeramics and CompositesRange (statistics)ParticleComposite materialDispersion (chemistry)Quantitative analysis (chemistry)Composites Science and Technology
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Modelling of EM glass convection

2008

PurposeTo develop the mathematical model, which allows predicting the temperature and flow distribution of an opaque glass melt with the temperature‐dependent properties in case it is generated by electromagnetic and thermal convection. Analysis has been done for geometry of the model crucible with the immersed rod electrodes. Numerical analysis is used as a tool for finding out the parameters of the system, which allow getting desiderated homogeneity of temperature field by EM action.Design/methodology/approachANSYS CFX software is implemented for coupling of EM, thermal and HD processes in the modelled system. Usability of non‐inductive approximation is shown using a full harmonic analysi…

ConvectionEngineeringConvective heat transferOpacitybusiness.industryApplied MathematicsNumerical analysisMechanical engineeringMechanicsComputer Science ApplicationsMagnetic fieldHarmonic analysisComputational Theory and MathematicsThermalHomogeneity (physics)Electrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessCOMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering
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Measuring the Spatial Homogeneity in Corneal Endotheliums by Means of a Randomization Test

1999

Quantification of regularity of cell sizes and the spatial arrangement of cells in corneal endotheliums becomes of a great importance associated to stress situations such as cataract surgery, corneal transplantation or implantation of intra-ocular lenses. A new index of regularity of the spatial distribution of cell sizes in corneal endotheliums is proposed. The corneal endothelium is described by means of a spatial marked point pattern (the cell centroids marked with the cell areas). The hypothesis of no dependency between mark and locations is tested by a Monte Carlo test. The new index is the p-value of the test validating the hypothesis. Pairs of endotheliums from different eyes of the …

Corneal endotheliumgenetic structuresCoefficient of variationmedicine.medical_treatmentCentroidSpatial distributioneye diseasesMonte carlo testResamplingStatisticsmedicinesense organsSpatial homogeneityCorneal transplantationMathematics
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Tripartite thermal correlations in an inhomogeneous spin-star system

2010

We exploit the tripartite negativity to study the thermal correlations in a tripartite system, that is the three outer spins interacting with the central one in a spin-star system. We analyze the dependence of such correlations on the homogeneity of the interactions, starting from the case where central-outer spin interactions are identical and then focusing on the case where the three coupling constants are different. We single out some important differences between the negativity and the concurrence.

Coupling constantPhysicsQuantum PhysicsSpinsCondensed matter physicsFOS: Physical sciencesConcurrenceNegativity effectCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsStar systemThermalHomogeneity (physics)Quantum Physics (quant-ph)Entanglement Thermodynamics Spin systems
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Regular Horizontal Patterning on Colloidal Crystals Produced by Vertical Deposition

2009

Colloidal particles have proved to be a suitable precursor to the formation of nanoscaled materials. More explicitly, they are a suitable way to create photonic band gap materials in 3D. Several methods have been developed to assemble colloidal multilayer systems, and have yielded various levels of success. The vertical deposition method has shown itself to be one of the best in terms of time, control of the final product, crystal size and homogeneity. Despite this, the resulting crystals often present point defects, dislocations, cracks and polycrystallinity, as well as a horizontal modulation of film thickness. These defects compromise the possible utilities of the crystals. The study of …

CrystalColloidMaterials scienceColloidal particlebusiness.industryHomogeneity (physics)OptoelectronicsColloidal crystalbusinessCrystallographic defectPhotonic crystal
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Finite element analysis of laser shock peening of 2050-T8 aluminum alloy

2015

Laser shock processing is a recently developed surface treatment designed to improve the mechanical properties and fatigue performance of materials, by inducing a deep compressive residual stress field. The purpose of this work is to investigate the residual stress distribution induced by laser shock processing in a 2050-T8 aeronautical aluminium alloy with both X-ray diffraction measurements and 3D finite element simulation. The method of X-ray diffraction is extensively used to characterize the crystallographic texture and the residual stress crystalline materials at different scales (macroscopic, mesoscopic and microscopic).Shock loading and materials’ dynamic response are experimentally…

DiffractionMatériaux [Sciences de l'ingénieur]Materials scienceResidual stressIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering[SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/MaterialsMaterials Science(all)Residual stressModelling and SimulationHomogeneity (physics)Aluminium alloyGeneral Materials ScienceLaser shock peeningComposite materialAnisotropyMécanique [Sciences de l'ingénieur]business.industryMechanical EngineeringSurface stressFinite element analysisPeeningStructural engineering[SPI.MECA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]Finite element methodMechanics of MaterialsModeling and Simulationvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumbusiness
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