Search results for "hypothesis"
showing 10 items of 426 documents
Formalin-Fixed <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Particles Prevent Allergic Sensitization in a Murine Model of Type I Allergy
2007
<i>Background:</i> Bacterial infections are supposed to act counterregulatory to the development of allergen-specific Th2 immune responses. We analyzed whether administration of extracellular <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> inhibited experimental sensitization against allergens. <i>Methods:</i> BALB/c mice were immunized with alum-adsorbed ovalbumin (OVA) together with formalin-fixed <i>Staphylococcus</i> particles. OVA-specific antibody production and cytokine synthesis by spleen cells was analyzed. Airway reactivity and cellular infiltration into the airways was assessed after intranasal challenge of mice with OVA. In addition, the capacity of …
Relativistic simulations of rotational core collapse : I. Methods, initial models, and code tests
2002
We describe an axisymmetric general relativistic code for rotational core collapse. The code evolves the coupled system of metric and fluid equations using the ADM 3+1 formalism and a conformally flat metric approximation of the Einstein equations. The relativistic hydrodynamics equations are formulated as a first-order flux-conservative hyperbolic system and are integrated using high-resolution shock-capturing schemes based on Riemann solvers. We assess the quality of the conformally flat metric approximation for relativistic core collapse and present a comprehensive set of tests which the code successfully passed. The tests include relativistic shock tubes, the preservation of the rotatio…
Design at the root of biophilia. Imitation. Nature
2021
According to the current state of research on the phenomenon of biophilia, the positive influence of nature's elements on humans has long been widely understood. Since the negative impact of urbanised areas on quality of life was noticed, human-friendly architecture has been redefined, where the physical and mental well-being of people using buildings, remains highly dependent on their contact with the environment. Selected examples of existing buildings analyzed two different approaches to contemporary biophilic architecture; one where nature is the pedestal of the whole building and one where the interpretation of nature translates into technological, engineering or structural solutions. …
Impact of a Social Constructivist Instructional Strategy on Performance in Algebra with a Focus on Secondary School Students
2020
There have been perennial concerns on the low academic performance of students among researchers and other education stakeholders. Innovative teaching strategies have, therefore, gained prominence in the field of mathematics education. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of a social constructivist instructional strategy on students’ performance in algebra. The present study is quasi-experimental, and its type is a posttest control group involving 154 secondary school students that are randomly selected across four intact classes. The random selection of students to treatment and control controls is assumed to improve the validity of the results. Two research questions are…
PATRONES DIFERENCIALES ENTRE PADRES Y PROFESORADO EN LA DETECCIÓN DE TDAH
2015
INTRODUCTION . The diagnosis of Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (ADHD) has increased in recent years. The criteria for ADHD have become clearer in the scientific community. However, it is a complex disorder that requires the participation of a multidisciplinary team for an appropriate diagnosis. METHOD . Taking as a sample (N = 331) 6 to 9 year-old students from Cuenca, this study analyzed the existence of differential patterns between the two ratings, using the EMA-D.D.A. Scales (Garcia-Perez y Magaz, 2006). Different approaches to hypothesis testing are used, and the internal consistency of the scales is valued. RESULTS . The differences observed suggest differential influen…
Mortality and demographic recovery in early post-black death epidemics: Role of recent emigrants in medieval Dijon
2020
International audience; Objective and methodsWe analyze the influence of population movement on susceptibility to death and resilience during two epidemics occurring in Dijon soon after the Black Death. Using a specific program designed to propose links between entries in annual tax registers, we define tentative heads of household, the elapsed time since their first registration and their ties with other persons within the city.ResultsDuring the 1400 epidemic heads of household who were registered for 1–3 years die in large numbers, whereas during years without epidemics, their death rate is lower than that of heads of household who were registered longer. Recent registration is an epidemi…
Rejection odds and rejection ratios: A proposal for statistical practice in testing hypotheses
2016
Much of science is (rightly or wrongly) driven by hypothesis testing. Even in situations where the hypothesis testing paradigm is correct, the common practice of basing inferences solely on p-values has been under intense criticism for over 50 years. We propose, as an alternative, the use of the odds of a correct rejection of the null hypothesis to incorrect rejection. Both pre-experimental versions (involving the power and Type I error) and post-experimental versions (depending on the actual data) are considered. Implementations are provided that range from depending only on the p-value to consideration of full Bayesian analysis. A surprise is that all implementations -- even the full Baye…
Top predators, mesopredators and their prey: interference ecosystems along bioclimatic productivity gradients
2010
1. The Mesopredator Release Hypothesis (MRH) suggests that top predator suppression of mesopredators is a key ecosystem function with cascading impacts on herbivore prey, but it remains to be shown that this top-down cascade impacts the large-scale structure of ecosystems. 2. The Exploitation Ecosystems Hypothesis (EEH) predicts that regional ecosystem structures are determined by top-down exploitation and bottom-up productivity. In contrast to MRH, EEH assumes that interference among predators has a negligible impact on the structure of ecosystems with three trophic levels. 3. We use the recolonization of a top predator in a three-level boreal ecosystem as a natural experiment to test if l…
BJW and Self-Efficacy in Coping with Observed Victimization
1998
With the theory of “Belief in a Just World” (BJW), Lerner (1970, 1980) has given an explanation as to why people blame innocent victims for self-infliction of their fate and why they derogate innocent victims. They do so to deny injustices, respectively, to defend their belief in a just world. BJW in its most general form implies the conviction that everybody gets what he or she justly deserves. The other side of the coin is that everybody deserves what happens to him or her. When oneself or others enjoy advantages or suffer disadvantages, we care about justice. BJW motivates the search for legitimate reasons. Deservingness is the most legitimate reason for many people.
Global warming “heating up” the ICU through Candida auris infections: the climate changes theory
2019
The most enigmatic aspect of the rise of Candida auris as a human pathogen is that it emerged simultaneously on three continents, with each clade being genetically distinct. Although new pathogenic fungal species are described regularly, these are mostly species associated with single cases in individuals who are immunosuppressed.