Search results for "hyödyllisyysmalli"
showing 8 items of 8 documents
The demand for IPR services - to use or not to use a professional representative
2021
We analysed the use of professional representative services and related outcomes in patent, utility model, design right and trademark filings. We found that: 1) there is a positive association between the use of a professional representative and the likelihood of grant or registration; 2) the demand for professional intellectual property rights (IPR) services is heterogeneous between IPR types: applicants are most likely to hire professional representatives (IPR agents and attorneys) for patents, followed by utility models, design rights and trademarks; 3) individual applicants are less likely to use professional representatives compared to firm applicants. peerReviewed
IPR gender gaps: a first look at utility model, design right and trademark filings
2018
This study extends the analysis of the gender gap in patenting into design rights, utility model (UMs) and trademarks (TMs), which are complementary methods for protecting intellectual property. The analysis is descriptive and uses register data from the Finnish patent and registration office covering the years 1982–2013. A persistent gender gap is found for all intellectual property rights. The gap has narrowed over time for national patent, design right and TM filings but not for UM filings. It is found that, in comparison to men, women are relatively less often single inventors or designers and more often members of inventor or designer teams. peerReviewed
The role of utility models in patent filing strategies: evidence from European countries
2018
We examine the role of utility models (UM) in patent filing strategies. With an extensive patent family data from European countries, we explore the structures and characteristics of patent families, which include UMs. A simple typology of patent families with UM members is introduced. We document that the geographical scope of most patent families with UM members is purely national, which is in line with the conventional view that the UM mechanism covers technologically and economically marginal inventions. However, the image of a UM as a signal of a minor invention is an oversimplification. Applicants exhibit a mixture of uses for the UM and there exists a subset of UM filings linked to i…
Empirical analyses of European intellectual property rights institutions
2018
This dissertation consists of introduction chapter and five empirical studies on European intellectual property rights institutions. Chapters 2, 3 and 4 are micro-level studies and the perspective shifts to macro-level in Chapters 5 and 6. Chapters 2, 3, 5 and 6 analyze two-tiered patent systems and Chapter 4 focuses on design rights. Chapter 2 analyzes the choice between patent and utility model protection among German firms. The results indicate that larger firms are more likely to use both protection methods and that a short life cycle of products and services is associated with an increased likelihood to use utility models. Chapter 3 analyzes the role of utility models in patent filing …
IPR-aineistojen mahdollisuuksia, replikointitarpeita ja teknisiä haasteita
2021
Tässä artikkelissa tehdään katsaus aineettomien oikeuksien eli IPR- (intellectual property rights) aineistoihin erityisesti suomalaisesta ja eurooppalaisesta näkökulmasta. Keskityn patentti-, hyödyllisyysmalli-, tavaramerkki- ja mallioikeusaineistoihin eli teollisoikeuksiin jättäen tekijänoikeudet tarkastelun ulkopuolelle. Digitalisaation myötä rekisteriaineistojen laatu ja saatavuus ovat jatkuvasti lisääntyneet ja IPR-järjestelmien toiminnan tutkimus sekä hypoteesien empiirinen testaus ovat tulleet mahdolliseksi ennennäkemättömällä tavalla. Eräitä mielenkiintoisia aiheita, joiden tutkimuksen yhä laadukkaammat IPR-aineistot mahdollistavat ovat 1) kokonaisvaltaisempi IPR-analyysi, joka paten…
Need for speed? Exploring the relative importance of patents and utility models among German firms
2017
Despite the wide use of two-tiered patent systems (patents and utility models (UMs)), there is little empirical evidence about how often UMs are actually used, what kind of firms use them to protect their intellectual property, and how firms rank them relative to patents. We offer such an analysis using data from Germany. We find that larger firms are more likely to use both protection methods. Moreover, a short life cycle of products and services is associated with an increased likelihood to use UMs. The features and functioning of the German UM system are of broader interest because it has been a benchmark for several second tier patent protection systems around the world. peerReviewed
Saunaan liittyvät suomalaiset aineettomat oikeudet / Sauna-related Intellectual Property Rights in Finland
2017
Aineisto saunaan liittyvistä suomalaisista aineettomista oikeuksista (Dataset on sauna-related intellectual property rights in Finland) Aineiston tavoitteena on edistää tietämystä suomalaisissa saunoissa tapahtuneesta teknologisesta kehityksestä. Lisäksi se havainnollistaa aineettomien oikeuksien keskeistä roolia innovaatiotoiminnassa ja uusien keksintöjen kaupallistamisessa. Aineisto sisältää seuraavat tiedot Suomessa haetuista saunaan liittyvistä aineettomista oikeuksista: Patentit 1970 alkaen Hyödyllisyysmallit 1992 alkaen Mallisuojat 1971 alkaen Tavaramerkit 1964 alkaen Rahoittaja: Suomen Saunaseura ry
Incremental innovation and the utility model
2016
Tutkielmassa tarkastellaan taloudellisen kasvun tärkeintä komponenttia: teknologiaa. Tarkoituksena on määrittää inkrementaalisen innovaation tarkka sijainti innovaatiotypologiassa ja kirjallisuudesta syntetisoidussa teknologian elinkaari-mallissa. Selviää, että yksittäisen teknologian kehitystä voidaan ajatella jatkumona, jolla on vaikutuksia tutkimusprosessin luonteeseen, ja sitä kautta myös markkinarakenteeseen. Tässä kontekstissa inkrementaaliset innovaatiot ovat innovaatioita kuvitellun artefaktin periferisissä komponenteissa, mikä tarkoittaa käytännössä sitä, että ne yleensä seuraavat dominanttia mallia (dominant design). Nämä kaksi konseptia ovat siis sidoksissa toisiinsa. Teoreettise…