Search results for "icona"
showing 10 items of 51 documents
Evaluation of fungicides and sterilants for potential application in the management of Fusarium wilt of banana
2007
Publication Inra prise en compte dans l'analyse bibliométrique des publications scientifiques mondiales sur les Fruits, les Légumes et la Pomme de terre. Période 2000-2012. http://prodinra.inra.fr/record/256699; International audience; Fusarium wilt is considered one of the most important diseases of bananas. The disease can only be managed by using resistant cultivars and by preventing its introduction into new fields. The objectives of this study were to evaluate newly available fungicides, in vitro and in vivo, for their efficacy against the responsible pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense, and to evaluate surface sterilants that could be used for sterilization purposes. Of the fung…
Candida blood stream infections observed between 2011 and 2016 in a large Italian University Hospital: A time-based retrospective analysis on epidemi…
2019
Candida bloodstream infection (BSI) represents a growing infective problem frequently associated to biofilm production due to the utilization of intravascular devices. Candida species distribution (n = 612 strains), their biofilm production and hospital antifungal drug consumption were evaluated in different wards of a tertiary care academic hospital in Italy during the years 2011–2016. In the considered time window, an increasing number of Candida BSI (p = 0.005) and of biofilm producing strains were observed (p<0.0001). Although C. albicans was the species more frequently isolated in BSI with a major biofilm production, an increased involvement of non-albicans species was reported, partic…
In vitro activity of anidulafungin in combination with amphotericin B or voriconazole against biofilms of five Candida species
2016
Objectives: To evaluate the in vitro activity of anidulafungin combined with amphotericin B or voriconazole against Candida spp. biofilms. Methods: Four Candida albicans, four Candida tropicalis, four Candida glabrata, two Candida parapsilosis and two Candida orthopsilosis blood isolates were tested by the microdilution chequerboard method combined with the XTT metabolic assay. Biofilm MIC was defined as the lowest concentration producing 50% metabolic inhibition with respect to control (BMIC50). Concentrations in the combinations ranged from 1/8xBMIC(50) to 4xBMIC(50) found for each antifungal tested alone. Results: Anidulafungin plus amphotericin B acted synergistically against C. albican…
Evaluación de la biodisponibilidad oral de isoflavonas: papel de la microbiota intestinal
2014
El papel de las isoflavonas en la salud ha despertado un interés importante recientemente. Sin embargo, pocos son los estudios rigurosos al respecto, ya que en muchas ocasiones los efectos se infieren de prácticas tradicionales en los que concurren muchas otras variables además del factor en estudio. Mayor desconocimiento existe acerca de la coadministración de varias de estas sustancias o complementos cuando es una práctica habitual. En el presente proyecto se caracteriza la influencia de suplementos de microbiota sobre la biodisponibilidad de las isoflavonas. Ambos se utilizan con frecuencia en condiciones de premenopausia o durante el climaterio para compensar transtornos asociados al mi…
Economic evaluation of azoles as primary prophylaxis for the prevention of invasive fungal infections in Spanish patients undergoing allogeneic haema…
2016
Patients undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) are at risk of developing invasive fungal infections (IFIs). Even with introduction of oral triazole antifungal agents (fluconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole and voriconazole) IFI-associated morbidity and mortality rates and economic burden remain high. Despite their proven efficacy, it is currently unknown which is the most cost-effective antifungal prophylaxis (AFP) agent. To determine the costs and outcomes associated with AFP, a decision-analytic model was used to simulate treatment in a hypothetical cohort of 1000 patients undergoing alloHSCT from the perspective of the Spanish National Health System. …
Treatment outcome of invasive mould disease after sequential exposure to azoles and liposomal amphotericin B
2009
Objectives To analyse the potential antagonism between azoles, which inhibit ergosterol synthesis, and polyenes, which bind directly to ergosterol in cell membranes, in patients receiving sequential azole-polyene treatment. Methods In an earlier randomized, double blind study of liposomal amphotericin as initial therapy for invasive filamentous fungal infection (IFFI), a 3 mg/kg/day dose had a favourable overall response rate of 50% and 12 week survival rate of 72%. No improved outcome was seen with 10 mg/kg/day for the first 14 days. The study population was further analysed for the effect of prior azole exposure on treatment responses to liposomal amphotericin B. The protocol allowed prio…
Voriconazole versus itraconazole for antifungal prophylaxis following allogeneic haematopoietic stem‐cell transplantation
2011
Antifungal prophylaxis for allogeneic haematopoietic stem-cell transplant (alloHCT) recipients should prevent invasive mould and yeast infections (IFIs) and be well tolerated. This prospective, randomized, open-label, multicentre study compared the efficacy and safety of voriconazole (234 patients) versus itraconazole (255 patients) in alloHCT recipients. The primary composite endpoint, success of prophylaxis, incorporated ability to tolerate study drug for ≥100 d (with ≤14 d interruption) with survival to day 180 without proven/probable IFI. Success of prophylaxis was significantly higher with voriconazole than itraconazole (48·7% vs. 33·2%, P 10%) treatment-related adverse events were vom…
Micafungin versus liposomal amphotericin B for candidaemia and invasive candidosis: a phase III randomised double-blind trial
2007
Summary Background Invasive candidosis is increasingly prevalent in seriously ill patients. Our aim was to compare micafungin with liposomal amphotericin B for the treatment of adult patients with candidaemia or invasive candidosis. Methods We did a double-blind, randomised, multinational non-inferiority study to compare micafungin (100 mg/day) with liposomal amphotericin B (3 mg/kg per day) as first-line treatment of candidaemia and invasive candidosis. The primary endpoint was treatment success, defined as both a clinical and a mycological response at the end of treatment. Primary analyses were done on a per-protocol basis. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00106…
Topical Voriconazole as Supplemental Treatment for Acanthamoeba Keratitis
2020
Purpose Voriconazole was shown to inhibit ergosterol synthesis in various acanthamoeba species. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of treatment with supplemental topical voriconazole in patients with acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). Methods All patients who had been treated for AK with voriconazole 1% drops in conjunction with topical first-line antiacanthamoeba therapy composed of polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) 0.02% and propamidine isethionate 0.1% (Brolene) between November 2014 and August 2017 at the Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Mainz, were included. The main outcomes were treatment failure and recurrence rate. Secondary outcomes wer…
Antifungal drugs influence neutrophil effector functions
2019
There is a growing body of evidence for immunomodulatory side effects of antifungal agents on different immune cells, e.g., T cells. Therefore, the aim of our study was to clarify these interactions with regard to the effector functions of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN). Human PMN were preincubated with fluconazole (FLC), voriconazole (VRC), posaconazole (POS), isavuconazole (ISA), caspofungin (CAS), micafungin (MFG), conventional amphotericin B (AMB), and liposomal amphotericin B (LAMB). PMN then were analyzed by flow cytometry for activation, degranulation, and phagocytosis and by dichlorofluorescein assay to detect reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, interleukin-8 (IL-8) re…