Search results for "ideal"

The Phenomenological Movement: A Tradition without Method? Merleau-Ponty and Husserl

2002

Section I tries to analyze the ambivalence of Merleau-Ponty ‘s references to Husserl. On the one hand, they indicate a deconstruction of Husserl ‘s phenomenological method; on the other hand, there are attempts to “save” Husserl. Section II is a critical evaluation ofMerleau-Ponty ‘s account of the development ofHusserl ‘s phenomenology. Section III deals with his rejection of the reduction, the account of eidetic intuition, and intentionality. Section IV is an attempt to characterize the motives behind Merleau-Ponty ‘s disinterest in method.

2013

Are dreams subjective experiences during sleep? Is it like something to dream, or is it only like something to remember dreams after awakening? Specifically, can dream reports be trusted to reveal what it is like to dream, and should they count as evidence for saying that dreams are conscious experiences at all? The goal of this article is to investigate the relationship between dreaming, dream reporting and subjective experience during sleep. I discuss different variants of philosophical skepticism about dream reporting and argue that they all fail. Consequently, skeptical doubts about the trustworthiness of dream reports are misguided, and for systematic reasons. I suggest an alternative,…

Actividad real y actividad ideal (§§ 3 y 4)

2012

La nocion de intuicion intelectual que Fichte introduce en el § 1 causa continuamente problemas en la exposicion. Por convincente que esa nocion pueda ser en principio, resulta enseguida patente que se trata de una nocion hibrida, la nocion de algo que ni es intuicion ni es concepto, que puede hacer referencia a algo que no es ni lo uno ni lo otro, pero que a veces hace referencia a ambos a la vez. Por «intuicion intelectual» y por «intuicion» en general Fichte entiende en estos paragrafos introductorios la auto-transparencia de una actividad intelectual en el propio ejercicio de esa actividad. En contraposicion con la intuicion intelectual, el concepto no puede ser sino un echarse para atr…

El idealismo de Hegel y la refutación de Spinoza: algunos malentendidos recientes

2016

Hegel’s Science of Logic contains a refutation ( Widerlegung ) of Spinoza’s system on whose correct understanding depends the adequate interpretation of the philosophical point of view of Hegel’s original brand of Idealism. I stress its importance, then indicate where to look for the rebuttal in the work and finally explain in what sense has a logical character (it is neither a phenomenological nor an epistemological nor a moral or practical argument). Also, some relatively recent approaches to many of the key passages are discussed in the paper, because they have fostered confusion about the way Hegel opposes Spinozism – which really is neither Kant’s nor Fichte’s way. http://dx.doi.org/10…

Umkehrung der Verhältnisse. Schellings Rezeption der Moralphilosophie Kants und ihre philosophiegeschichtliche Dimension

2020

Comparisons between Kant and Schelling are mostly used to systematically analyse topics of German idealism. However, such an approach often disregards the resulting historical aspects. This paper is an attempt to draw historical conclusions from such a systematic analysis. I do so by showing how Schelling’s critique of Kant’s moral doctrine in Philosophie und Religion allows to gain an insight into Schelling’s philosophical development. Specifically, I argue that this criticism rests upon the claim that the ordo cognoscendi must follow the ordo essendi. This claim will be rejected in Schelling’s Freiheitsschrift and Stuttgarter Privatvorlesungen. Finally, historical remarks conclude this co…

When does Wenzel's extension of Young's equation for the contact angle of droplets apply? A density functional study.

2020

he contact angle of a liquid droplet on a surface under partial wetting conditions differs for a nanoscopically rough or periodically corrugated surface from its value for a perfectly flat surface. Wenzel's relation attributes this difference simply to the geometric magnification of the surface area (by a factor $r_{\rm w}$), but the validity of this idea is controversial. We elucidate this problem by model calculations for a sinusoidal corrugation of the form $z_{\rm wall}(y) = \Delta\cos(2\pi y/\lambda)$ , for a potential of short range $\sigma_{\rm w}$ acting from the wall on the fluid particles. When the vapor phase is an ideal gas, the change of the wall-vapor surface tension can be co…

Three-dimensional simulation of polytropic accretion discs

1991

Three-dimensional simulations of the formation and evolution of accretion discs in close binary systems,realised with the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics method to solve the fluid dynamic equations, are presented. Although the runs presented here refer to an ideal gas with different polytropic indexes, and constitute the first stage of more physically complex forthcoming simulations, they nervertheless give some interesting results: the disc structure and dynamics are in agreement with standard models only for small γ-values; as a consequence of the z-resolution it is found that disc formation is inhibited for γ ≥ 1.2, which means that some 2 D simulations of polytropic discs are meaningles…

Microscopic dynamics of molecular liquids and glasses: Role of orientations and translation-rotation coupling

2001

We investigate the dynamics of a fluid of dipolar hard spheres in its liquid and glassy phase, with emphasis on the microscopic time or frequency regime. This system shows rather different glass transition scenarios related to its rich equilibrium behavior which ranges from a simple hard sphere fluid to a long range ferroelectric orientational order. In the liquid phase close to the ideal glass transition line and in the glassy regime a medium range orientational order occurs leading to a softening of an orientational mode. To investigate the role of this mode we use the molecular mode-coupling equations to calculate the spectra $\phi_{lm}^{\prime \prime}(q,\omega)$ and $\chi _{lm}''(q,\ome…

Accurate Evaluation of Fermi-Dirac Integrals and Their Derivatives for Arbitrary Degeneracy and Relativity

1996

The equation of state of an ideal Fermi gas is expressed in terms of Fermi-Dirac integrals. We give formulae for evaluation the Fermi-Dirac integrals of orders 1/2, 3/2, and 5/2 and their derivatives in various limits of non- and extreme degeneracy and relativity. We provide tables and a Fortran subroutine for numerical evaluation of the integrals and derivatives when a limit does not apply. The functions can be evaluated to better than 1% accuracy for any temperature and density using these methods.

Orbital evolution of colliding star and pulsar winds in 2D and 3D; effects of: dimensionality, EoS, resolution, and grid size

2015

(abridged)The structure formed by the shocked winds of a massive star and a non-accreting pulsar in a binary suffers periodic and random variations of orbital and non-linear dynamical origin. For the 1st time, we simulate in 3 D the interaction of isotropic stellar and relativistic pulsar winds along 1 full orbit, on scales well beyond the binary size. We also investigate the impact of grid resolution and size, and of different EoOs: a gamma-constant ideal gas, and an ideal gas with gamma dependent on temperature. We carry out, with the code PLUTO, relativistic HD simulations in 2 and 3 D of the interaction of a slow wind and a relativistic wind with Gamma=2 along 1 full orbit up to ~100 x …