Search results for "ilma"

Tianxia, Kiina ja hegemonisen vakauden teoria

2020

Kiinassa on 2000-luvulla rakennettu kiinalaista maailmanpolitiikan teoriaa, joka ammentaa lännen sijaan Kiinan omasta historiasta ja älyllisestä traditiosta. Yksi eniten huomiota herättäneistä teoreettisista aloitteista on niin kutsuttu tianxia-teoria, jonka mukaan nykyinen kansallisvaltioihin pohjautuva kansainvälinen järjestelmä tulisi korvata Kiinan historiasta löytyvän tianxia-mallin mukaisella keskuskjohdetulla maailmanvaltiolla. Artikkeli vertaa tianxia-teoriaa hegemonisen vakauden teorian erilaisiin variantteihin ja esittää, että lähemmin tarkasteltuna tianxia-teorian ajatukset ovat varsin samankaltaisia jo vakiintuneiden teorioiden ajatusten kanssa. Tianxia theory is one of the most…

Climate change reshuffles northern species within their niches

2022

Climate change is a pervasive threat to biodiversity. While range shifts are a known consequence of climate warming contributing to regional community change, less is known about how species' positions shift within their climatic niches. Furthermore, whether the relative importance of different climatic variables prompting such shifts varies with changing climate remains unclear. Here we analysed four decades of data for 1,478 species of birds, mammals, butterflies, moths, plants and phytoplankton along a 1,200 km high latitudinal gradient. The relative importance of climatic drivers varied non-uniformly with progressing climate change. While species turnover among decades was limited, the …

Large stocks of peatland carbon and nitrogen are vulnerable to permafrost thaw

2020

Significance Over many millennia, northern peatlands have accumulated large amounts of carbon and nitrogen, thus cooling the global climate. Over shorter timescales, peatland disturbances can trigger losses of peat and release of greenhouses gases. Despite their importance to the global climate, peatlands remain poorly mapped, and the vulnerability of permafrost peatlands to warming is uncertain. This study compiles over 7,000 field observations to present a data-driven map of northern peatlands and their carbon and nitrogen stocks. We use these maps to model the impact of permafrost thaw on peatlands and find that warming will likely shift the greenhouse gas balance of northern peatlands. …

Reframing Climate Justice : A Three-dimensional View on Just Climate Negotiations

2016

This article proposes reframing the justice discourse in climate negotiations. In so doing, it makes two claims. First, global climate negotiations deserve to be addressed as an issue of justice on their own due to their peculiar characteristics. Second, a multidimensional theory of justice is superior to distributional theories for this task. To support these arguments, I apply the multidimensional theory of justice to global climate negotiations. This analysis reveals that injustice in the negotiations is multidimensional and irreducible to distributional questions. Furthermore, it shows how promoting justice in this broad sense would have significant effect on the negotiation procedures …

Using Aerial Platforms in Predicting Water Quality Parameters from Hyperspectral Imaging Data with Deep Neural Networks

2020

In near future it is assumable that automated unmanned aerial platforms are coming more common. There are visions that transportation of different goods would be done with large planes, which can handle over 1000 kg payloads. While these planes are used for transportation they could similarly be used for remote sensing applications by adding sensors to the planes. Hyperspectral imagers are one this kind of sensor types. There is need for the efficient methods to interpret hyperspectral data to the wanted water quality parameters. In this work we survey the performance of neural networks in the prediction of water quality parameters from remotely sensed hyperspectral data in freshwater basin…

SAGECELL: Software-Defined Space-Air-Ground Integrated Moving Cells

2018

Ultra-dense networks (UDNs) provide an effective solution to accommodate the explosively growing data traffic of multimedia services and real-time applications. However, the densification of large numbers of static small cells faces many fundamental challenges, including deployment cost, energy consumption and control, and so on. This motivates us to develop software-defined space-air-ground integrated moving cells (SAGECELL), a programmable, scalable, and flexible framework to integrate space, air, and ground resources for matching dynamic traffic demands with network capacity supplies. First, we provide a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art literature. Then the conceptual architectur…

Mothers’ self-representations and representations of childhood on social media

2023

Funding Information: This work was supported by Kone Foundation, Academy of Finland (#320370), Strategic Research Council (#327237), Strategic Research Council (#327395), Intimacy in Data-driven Culture (IDA). The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. Publisher Copyright: © 2023, Minna Kallioharju, Terhi-Anna Wilska and Annamari Vänskä. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine mothers’ social media accounts that focus on children’s fashion. The authors probed children’s fashion photo practices as representations of the mothers’ extended self and the kind of childhood representations produce…

A four vertex theorem for strictly convex space curves

1993

Euclid preparation XV. Forecasting cosmological constraints for the Euclid and CMB joint analysis

2022

The combination and cross-correlation of the upcoming $Euclid$ data with cosmic microwave background (CMB) measurements is a source of great expectation since it will provide the largest lever arm of epochs, ranging from recombination to structure formation across the entire past light cone. In this work, we present forecasts for the joint analysis of $Euclid$ and CMB data on the cosmological parameters of the standard cosmological model and some of its extensions. This work expands and complements the recently published forecasts based on $Euclid$-specific probes, namely galaxy clustering, weak lensing, and their cross-correlation. With some assumptions on the specifications of current and…

Black Hole Shadow Drift and Photon Ring Frequency Drift

2021

The apparent angular size of the shadow of a black hole in an expanding Universe is redshift-dependent. Since cosmological redshifts change with time - known as the redshift drift - all redshift-dependent quantities acquire a time-dependence, and a fortiori so do black hole shadows. We find a mathematical description of the black hole shadow drift and show that the amplitude of this effect is of order $10^{-16}$ per day for M87$^{\star}$. While this effect is small, we argue that its non-detection can be used to constrain the accretion rate around supermassive black holes, as well as a novel probe of the equivalence principle. If general relativity is assumed, we infer from the data obtaine…