Search results for "imination"

showing 10 items of 605 documents

Somatosensory Brain Function and Gray Matter Regional Volumes Differ According to Exercise History : Evidence from Monozygotic Twins

2017

Associations between long-term physical activity and cortical function and brain structure are poorly known. Our aim was to assess whether brain functional and/or structural modulation associated with long-term physical activity is detectable using a discordant monozygotic male twin pair design. Nine monozygotic male twin pairs were carefully selected for an intrapair difference in their leisure-time physical activity of at least three years duration (mean age 34 ± 1 years). We registered somatosensory mismatch response (SMMR) in EEG to electrical stimulation of fingers and whole brain MR images. We obtained exercise history and measured physical fitness and body composition. Equivalent ele…

0301 basic medicineMaleFITNESSMismatch negativityphysical activityMismatch negativityElectroencephalographycomputer.software_genreSomatosensory systemSuperior temporal gyrus0302 clinical medicineVoxelBrain structureGENERATORSTwin researchGray MatterRadiological and Ultrasound Technologymedicine.diagnostic_testOrgan SizeMagnetic Resonance Imaging3142 Public health care science environmental and occupational healthmedicine.anatomical_structureNeurologyEXCITABILITYHEALTHAnatomyPsychologyAdultsomatosensory cortexMISMATCH NEGATIVITY MMNPOTENTIALS03 medical and health sciencesTIME PHYSICAL-ACTIVITYmedicineBrain electrophysiologyHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMODULATIONExercisekaksostutkimusbrain electrophysiologyPostcentral gyrusPhysical activitybrain structureTwins MonozygoticMedial frontal gyrusTwin studySomatosensory cortex030104 developmental biologyDISCRIMINATIONNeurology (clinical)poikkeavuusnegatiivisuuscomputerNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryRESPONSES
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Spatial learning and long-term memory impairments in RasGrf1 KO, Pttg1 KO, and double KO mice

2018

© 2018 The Authors.

0301 basic medicineMaleMemory Long-TermHippocampusSpatial learningBiologyHippocampusBarnes mazememory03 medical and health sciencesBehavioral Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineDiscrimination PsychologicalMemoryAnimalsPttg1Maze LearningChromosome separationOriginal ResearchMice KnockoutPCALong-term memoryras-GRF1spatial learningBrainBarnes mazeMice Inbred C57BLSecurin030104 developmental biologySecurinCervell Localització de funcionsMemory consolidationFemaleSignal transductionBeta cellRasGrf1Neuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgerySignal Transduction
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Passive exposure to speech sounds induces long-term memory representations in the auditory cortex of adult rats

2016

AbstractExperience-induced changes in the functioning of the auditory cortex are prominent in early life, especially during a critical period. Although auditory perceptual learning takes place automatically during this critical period, it is thought to require active training in later life. Previous studies demonstrated rapid changes in single-cell responses of anesthetized adult animals while exposed to sounds presented in a statistical learning paradigm. However, whether passive exposure to sounds can form long-term memory representations remains to be demonstrated. To investigate this issue, we first exposed adult rats to human speech sounds for 3 consecutive days, 12 h/d. Two groups of …

0301 basic medicineMaleSTIMULUS-SPECIFIC ADAPTATIONLong-Term PotentiationMismatch negativityAudiologyMAGNITUDE0302 clinical medicineauditory cortexPLASTICITYBRAINta515media_commonSound (medical instrument)MultidisciplinaryLong-term memorySoundPsychologymedicine.medical_specialtyMISMATCH NEGATIVITY MMN515 Psychologymedia_common.quotation_subjectEVENT-RELATED POTENTIALSFREQUENCYAuditory cortexta3112Article03 medical and health scienceslong-term memoryEvent-related potentialPerceptual learningMemoryPerceptionmedicineotorhinolaryngologic diseasesAnimalsSpeechRats WistarAuditory CortexPERCEPTIONpassive exposure3112 Neuroscienceshuman speechsäilömuistiRatsratsElectrophysiology030104 developmental biologyDISCRIMINATION030217 neurology & neurosurgeryRESPONSESScientific Reports
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Addressing HCV Elimination Barriers in Italy: Healthcare Resource Utilization and Cost Impact Using 8 Weeks’ Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir Therapy

2021

Introduction: In Italy, hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination is achievable; however, barriers remain to achieving the World Health Organization's elimination targets, and have become more pronounced with the spread of COVID-19. Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (G/P) is a direct-acting antiviral therapy for HCV, approved for 8-week treatment in patients without cirrhosis, and with compensated cirrhosis (CC). Previously, 12 weeks of therapy was recommended for patients with CC. Shortened treatment may reduce the burden on healthcare resources, allowing more patients to be treated. This study presents the benefits that 8-week vs 12-week treatment with G/P may have in Italy. Methods: A multicohort Marko…

0301 basic medicineMicrobiology (medical)medicine.medical_specialtyCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)EliminationTreatment duration030106 microbiologyPopulationTreatment duration03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineHealth careTreatment duration.Medicine030212 general & internal medicineeducationOriginal ResearchHepatitis C viruseducation.field_of_studyGlecaprevir/pibrentasvirbusiness.industryGlecaprevirPibrentasvirInfectious DiseasesItalyEmergency medicineObservational studyGlecaprevir / pibrentasvirHepatitis C virubusinessInfectious Diseases and Therapy
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The Effects of Static and Dynamic Visual Representations as Aids for Primary School Children in Tasks of Auditory Discrimination of Sound Patterns. A…

2018

It has been proposed that non-conventional presentations of visual information could be very useful as a scaffolding strategy in the learning of Western music notation. As a result, this study has attempted to determine if there is any effect of static and dynamic presentation modes of visual information in the recognition of sound patterns. An intervention-based quasi-experimental design was adopted with two groups of fifth-grade students in a Spanish city. Students did tasks involving discrimination, auditory recognition and symbolic association of the sound patterns with non-musical representations, either static images (S group), or dynamic images (D group). The results showed neither s…

0301 basic medicineMusical notationmedia_common.quotation_subjecteducationEducació primàriaNotationEducationstatic-dynamic presentation discrimination of melodic patterns03 medical and health sciencesPresentationCovariateDigital learningAssociation (psychology)media_commonlcsh:T58.5-58.64lcsh:Information technologyGeneral Engineeringcomputer.file_formatMusic education030104 developmental biologymusic educationImage file formatslcsh:LPsychologybimodalitycomputerlcsh:EducationCognitive psychologyInternational Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET)
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Precise Somatotopic Thalamocortical Axon Guidance Depends on LPA-Mediated PRG-2/Radixin Signaling

2016

Summary Precise connection of thalamic barreloids with their corresponding cortical barrels is critical for processing of vibrissal sensory information. Here, we show that PRG-2, a phospholipid-interacting molecule, is important for thalamocortical axon guidance. Developing thalamocortical fibers both in PRG-2 full knockout (KO) and in thalamus-specific KO mice prematurely entered the cortical plate, eventually innervating non-corresponding barrels. This misrouting relied on lost axonal sensitivity toward lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), which failed to repel PRG-2-deficient thalamocortical fibers. PRG-2 electroporation in the PRG-2−/− thalamus restored the aberrant cortical innervation. We ide…

0301 basic medicineNeuroscience(all)ThalamusGrowth ConesSensory systemBiologyArticle03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundMice0302 clinical medicineDiscrimination PsychologicalThalamusRadixinLysophosphatidic acidNeural PathwaysmedicineAnimalsPhosphorylationGrowth coneCerebral CortexMice KnockoutGeneral NeuroscienceMembrane ProteinsAxon GuidanceCytoskeletal Proteins030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryCerebral cortexAxon guidanceSignal transductionLysophospholipidsNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgerySignal TransductionNeuron
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Impact of COVID-19 on global HCV elimination efforts.

2021

Background & Aims COVID-19 has placed significant strain on national healthcare systems at a critical moment in the context of hepatitis elimination. Mathematical models can be used to evaluate the possible impact of programmatic delays on hepatitis disease burden. The objective of this analysis was to evaluate the incremental change in hepatitis C liver-related deaths and liver cancer, following a 3-month, 6-month, or 1-year hiatus in hepatitis elimination program progress. Methods Previously developed models were adapted for 110 countries to include a status quo or “no delay” scenario and a “1-year delay” scenario assuming significant disruption in interventions (screening, diagnosis and …

0301 basic medicinePsychological interventioncoronavirusUMIC upper-middle income countriesGlobal HealthUI uncertainty intervalHIC high income countries0302 clinical medicineCost of IllnessLIC low income countriesMedicineUSA United States of AmericaLetter to the EditorMathematical modellingPWID people who inject drugsLiver DiseaseLiver DiseasesVaccinationmathematical modelingGBD Global Burden of DiseaseHepatitis CSVR sustained virologic responseEuropeHCV hepatitis C virusHepatocellular carcinomaHCVGHSS Global Health Sector StrategyRNA Viral030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyAMR region of the AmericasLiver cancerViral hepatitisHumanCarcinoma HepatocellularCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)EMR Eastern Mediterranean regionViral hepatitis eliminationviral hepatitisContext (language use)World Health OrganizationArticleWHO World Health OrganizationTime-to-Treatment03 medical and health scienceseliminationEnvironmental healthHumansLMIC lower-middle income countriesDisease EradicationDisease burdenHepatitisHepatologySARS-CoV-2business.industryWPR Western Pacific regionCOVID-19Models Theoreticalmedicine.diseaseCost of Illne030104 developmental biologySpainHCC hepatocellular carcinomabusinessJournal of hepatology
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Neurons in the pigeon caudolateral nidopallium differentiate Pavlovian conditioned stimuli but not their associated reward value in a sign-tracking p…

2016

AbstractAnimals exploit visual information to identify objects, form stimulus-reward associations, and prepare appropriate behavioral responses. The nidopallium caudolaterale (NCL), an associative region of the avian endbrain, contains neurons exhibiting prominent response modulation during presentation of reward-predicting visual stimuli, but it is unclear whether neural activity represents valuation signals, stimulus properties, or sensorimotor contingencies. To test the hypothesis that NCL neurons represent stimulus value, we subjected pigeons to a Pavlovian sign-tracking paradigm in which visual cues predicted rewards differing in magnitude (large vs. small) and delay to presentation (s…

0301 basic medicineTelencephalonVisual perceptiongenetic structuresPhotic StimulationReward valueConditioning ClassicalStimulus (physiology)Synaptic TransmissionArticleDiscrimination Learning03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRewardmedicineReaction TimeAnimalsDiscrimination learningColumbidaeSensory cueNeuronsMultidisciplinaryBehavior AnimalCerebrumElectrophysiological Phenomena030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureNidopalliumCuesPsychologyNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryPhotic StimulationScientific Reports
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Guidelines Have a Key Role in Driving HCV Elimination by Advocating for Simple HCV Care Pathways.

2021

The availability of pangenotypic direct-acting antivirals for treatment of hepatitis C (HCV) has provided an opportunity to simplify patient pathways. Recent clinical practice guidelines have recognised the need for simplification to ensure that elimination of HCV as a public health concern remains a priority. Despite the move towards simplified treatment algorithms, there remains some complexity in the recommendations for the management of genotype 3 patients with compensated cirrhosis. In an era where additional clinical trial data are not anticipated, clinical guidance should consider experience gained in real-world settings. Although more experience is required for some pangenotypic the…

030213 general clinical medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)EliminationGuidelineGuidelinesGlobal HealthAntiviral AgentsPatient pathwaySimplification03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePandemicGlobal healthMedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)Disease EradicationIntensive care medicineAntiviral Agentbusiness.industrySARS-CoV-2Public healthCOVID-19General MedicineHepatitis CHcv eliminationClinical trialCritical Pathway030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCommunicable Disease ControlPractice Guidelines as TopicKey (cryptography)Critical PathwaysCommentarybusinessHumanAdvances in therapy
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Risk tables for discrimination tests

1993

Abstract Duo-trio and triangle test are often used in the food industry for the purpose of declaring two products non-distinguishable. In that situation, it is much more important to control the power of the test rather than the type 1 error risk. This paper makes available by e-mail a SAS ® macro, called BINRISKS, for computing type 1 and type 2 risks for any one-tailed binomial test and for any level of the percentage above chance to be detected. Using this macro, two sets of tables have been compiled. The first table includes for any total number of responses below 50, for any number of correct responses and for three levels of the percentage above chance to be detected, the correspondin…

0303 health sciencesNutrition and Dietetics030309 nutrition & dieteticsBinomial test04 agricultural and veterinary sciences[SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering040401 food scienceDiscrimination testingTest (assessment)03 medical and health sciences0404 agricultural biotechnology[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringStatisticsEconometricsTable (database)MacroComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSFood ScienceTriangle testMathematicsType I and type II errorsFood Quality and Preference
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