Search results for "imulation"
showing 10 items of 7271 documents
Reanimation of the Paralyzed Human Larynx With an Implantable Electrical Stimulation Device
2003
Objectives/Hypothesis Electrical stimulation of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle, when paced with inspiration, offers a physiological approach to restore ventilation in bilateral laryngeal paralysis without any of the disadvantages associated with conventional treatment. Study Design A prospective study of six patients. Methods The patients were successfully implanted with an Itrel II stimulator (Medtronic, Inc). In postoperative sessions, stimulated vocal fold abduction, patient ventilation, and voice were assessed and compared with preoperative values. Results The optimum stimulus paradigm was a 1- to 2-second train of 1-millisecond pulses delivered at a frequency of 30 to 40 Hz and am…
Event-related potential (ERP) responses to violations of inflectional and derivational rules of Finnish
2007
Event-related potentials (ERP) were used to investigate the electrophysiological correlates of inflectional and derivational morphology. The participants were presented with visual sentences containing critical words in which either inflectional, derivational or both rules (combined violation) of Finnish were violated. Inflectional anomalies violated a number agreement of a noun with a previous auxiliary word. Derivational violations included a word-internal selectional restriction violation, i.e., a root and suffix category violation. Combined violations contained both a number and a category violation. The phonemic length of the critical words was controlled. Inflectional violations elici…
Segment coupling and coordination variability analyses of the roundhouse kick in taekwondo relative to the initial stance position.
2016
The initial stance position (ISP) has been observed as a factor affecting the execution technique during taekwondo kicks. In the present study, authors aimed to analyse a roundhouse kick to the chest by measuring movement coordination and the variability of coordination and comparing this across the different ISP (0°, 45° and 90°). Eight experienced taekwondo athletes performed consecutive kicking trials in random order from every of the three relative positions. The execution was divided into three phases (stance, first swing and second swing phase). A motion capture system was used to measure athletes' angular displacement of pelvis and thigh. A modified vector coding technique was used t…
Chronic sacral neuromodulation for treatment of neurogenic bladder dysfunction: long-term results with unilateral implants
2001
Abstract Objectives. To investigate the therapeutic value of sacral neuromodulation in patients with neurogenic disorders in whom conservative treatment options were unsuccessful. Neurogenic disorders may result in various forms of lower urinary tract dysfunction. Methods. Twenty-seven patients (19 women, 8 men) aged 18 to 63 years (mean 44.9 years) were subjected to percutaneous test stimulation of the sacral spinal nerves. Their urologic symptoms consisted of bladder storage failure (n = 15) due to detrusor hyperreflexia and/or bladder hypersensitivity, failure to empty due to detrusor areflexia (n = 11), and combined bladder hypersensitivity and detrusor areflexia (n = 1). Twelve patient…
Evidence for gesture-speech mismatch detection impairments in schizophrenia.
2019
Patients with schizophrenia suffer from impairments in the perception and production of gestures. The extent to which patients can access the semantic association between speech and co-verbal gestures in concrete or abstract/metaphorical meaning contexts is unknown. We investigated 1) how patients differ from controls in gesture matching performance, 2) how performance differs in the context of abstract versus concrete meaning, and 3) whether formal thought disorder (FTD) symptom severity predicts task impairment. Forty-five patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (two subgroups, mild and severe) took part in this study. Participants were presented with video clips, each showing an a…
Irrelevant task suppresses the N170 of automatic attention allocation to fearful faces
2021
AbstractRecent researches have provided evidence that stimulus-driven attentional bias for threats can be modulated by top-down goals. However, it is highlight essential to indicate whether and to what extent the top-down goals can affect the early stage of attention processing and its early neural mechanism. In this study, we collected electroencephalographic data from 28 healthy volunteers with a modified spatial cueing task. The results revealed that in the irrelevant task, there was no significant difference between the reaction time (RT) of the fearful and neutral faces. In the relevant task, we found that RT of fearful faces was faster than that of neutral faces in the valid cue condi…
Median and tibial nerve somatosensory evoked potentials: middle-latency components from the vicinity of the secondary somatosensory cortex in humans
1997
The topography of the middle-latency N110 after radial nerve stimulation suggested a generator in SII. To support this hypothesis, we have tried to identify a homologous component in the tibial nerve SEP (somatosensory evoked potential). Evoked potentials following tibial nerve stimulation (motor + sensory threshold) were recorded with 29 electrodes (bandpass 0.5-500 Hz, sampling rate 1000 Hz). For comparison, the median nerve was stimulated at the wrist. Components were identified as peaks in the global field power (GFP). Map series were generated around GFP peaks and amplitudes were measured from electrodes near map maxima. With median nerve stimulation, we recorded a negativity with a ma…
Dependence of Perceived Purity of a Chromatic Stimulus on Saturation Adaptation
2012
Background and Objective. The purpose of sensory adaptation of the visual system is to adjust sensitivity of the photoreceptors to optimize the dynamic range of response of the visual system. It has been shown in numerous research papers that chromatic adaptation influences both color appearance and color discrimination. However, there are almost no studies in which the influence of chromatic adaptation on perceived purity has been investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate how chromatic adaptation to stimuli with certain saturation influences perceived purity of test stimuli with the same hue but different saturation. Material and Methods. As the stimuli were modulat…
Increased visual cortical excitability in ecstasy users: a transcranial magnetic stimulation study
2003
To test the presence of abnormalities of visual cortical excitability in people using ecstasy as a recreational drug.Ecstasy users and control subjects underwent single pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the occipital cortex. The phosphene threshold was analysed and compared in the two groups.Phosphene thresholds were significantly lower in ecstasy users compared with control subjects, and were correlated negatively with frequency of ecstasy use. Frequency of use was positively correlated with the presence of visual hallucinations. The phosphene threshold of subjects with hallucinations was significantly lower than that of subjects without hallucinations.The use of ecstasy as …
Visual Attention Patterns Differ in Gynephilic and Androphilic Men and Women Depending on Age and Gender of Targets
2017
Visual attention patterns measured with eye-tracking techniques provide indirect clues about sexual response. This study aimed to test the category specificity of sexual responses to stimuli varying in gender and age by evaluating both early and late attention of gynephilic and androphilic men and women. We simultaneously presented sexually preferred and nonpreferred stimuli and measured time to first fixation and total duration of fixation on four areas of interest: entire body, then face, chest, and pelvis. Androphilic women's early attention patterns were nonspecific, whereas gynephilic women and both groups of men showed a category-specific pattern for the entire body. In contrast, all …